Geometrically Incremental Volume Sampling for Ephemeral Channel Pollutants

Tremwel, Terry K.; Campbell, Kenneth L.; Miller, Larry W.

doi:10.13031/2013.25695

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Stilling wells, floats, and digital shaft encoders (Model SE-105S, Enviro-systems, Thousand Oaks, CA), which monitored upstream and downstream water depth in each flume, served as the basis for real time calculation of flow from each pasture. Readings from the shaft encoders were recorded by data loggers (CR10X, Campbell Scientific, Logan, UT) which were programmed to pulse automatic water samplers (Model 3700, ISCO, Inc, Lincoln, NE) to collect discrete samples based on flow volume calculations and hydrograph geometry (Tremwel et al 1996). The low relief of the pastures relative to the changing water levels in the adjacent Harney Pond Canal required that the discharge measurement and sampling system accommodated flow in both directions, including inflow from the canal as well as runoff to the canal from each individual pasture.…”

Section: Surface Runoff Sampling and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Phosphorus, Cattle Stocking Rates, and Water Quality in Subtropical Pastures in Florida, USA

Capece

Campbell

Bohlen³

et al. 2007

Rangeland Ecology & Management

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Minimizing nonpoint source nutrient pollution is important to the sustainability of grazing lands. Increased nutrient loads have reduced water quality in Lake Okeechobee in south Florida, prompting establishment of a Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) that will require large reductions in phosphorus (P) runoff into the lake. A significant portion of this reduction must come from beef cattle ranches, the major land use in the region. A large-scale research project, consisting of a 420-ha array of 8 improved summer and 8 semi-improved winter pastures, was established from 1998-2003 to investigate the influence of beef cattle stocking rate on nutrient loads in surface runoff. Each pasture type had two replicates of four different cattle stocking rates including a control with no cattle and stocked pastures with low, medium, and high stocking rates (1.3, 1.0, 0.6 ha AU À1 [animal unit] in summer pastures; 2.1, 1.6, and 0.9 ha AU À1 in winter pastures). Cattle stocking rate did not affect nutrient concentrations or loads in surface runoff during the study period. Average annual P discharges were 1.71 kg ha À1 from summer pastures and 0.25 kg ha À1 from winter pastures. Average total P concentrations in runoff were 0.63 mg L À1 for summer pastures and 0.15 mg L À1 for winter pastures. Differences in runoff P were related to differences in soil P test results, a difference believed to be due to prior fertilization practices. Our findings show that reducing cattle stocking rates on beef cattle pastures is not an effective practice for reducing nutrient loads, and that accumulation of P in soil from historical fertilization has an overriding influence on P loads in surface runoff. Results indicate that reducing the overall volume of surface discharges would be a more effective strategy than altering cattle stocking practices to reduce nonpoint runoff of P from cattle pastures in this region.

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Section: Surface Runoff Sampling and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Phosphorus, Cattle Stocking Rates, and Water Quality in Subtropical Pastures in Florida, USA

Capece

Campbell

Bohlen³

et al. 2007

Rangeland Ecology & Management

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“…Discharge rates in short‐lived streams and ditches may fill with flow that persists for days or weeks and may seldom contain any flow; therefore, a versatile sampling technique that can respond to frequent, rapid changes in stream discharge rates is needed. Tremwel et al (1996) developed a data logger‐controlled sampling technique that uses a geometrically increasing runoff volume relationship to sample both small and large natural events adequately and automatically. The new technique provides adequate sampling for approximately 100‐fold range of runoff volumes, allowing accurate calibration and verification of field‐scale water quality models.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical Evaluation of the Influence of Flow Conditions and Sampling Techniques on Water Quality Data

Daas¹,

Srivastava²,

Conklin³

2007

Water Environment Research

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The purpose of this study is to statistically evaluate the influence of various sampling methodologies and flow conditions on the quality and comparability of total phosphorus concentration data collected over the course of 27 months at the South Florida Water Management District (SFWMD) S-65E structure. The data was obtained from the following sampling methodologies: U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) (Reston, Virginia) equal width increment spatially composite grab samples, USGS replicate samples, SFWMD grab samples, and SFWMD autosampler samples. Both significant and insignificant differences were reported from these comparisons. Parametric and nonparametric standard statistical tests for significance were carried out to evaluate the differences between the data. To avoid invalid conclusions of insignificant differences, we conducted tests for equivalence of the means and variances. The results from the data analysis revealed that both flow conditions and sampling methodology affected the water quality data. Water Environ. Res., 79, 147 (2007).

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Phosphorus Losses in Surface Runoff and Subsurface Drainage Waters on Two Agricultural Fields in Quebec

Enright¹,

Madramootoo²

Drainage VIII, 21-24 March 2004

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Geometrically Incremental Volume Sampling for Ephemeral Channel Pollutants

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Soil Phosphorus, Cattle Stocking Rates, and Water Quality in Subtropical Pastures in Florida, USA

Soil Phosphorus, Cattle Stocking Rates, and Water Quality in Subtropical Pastures in Florida, USA

Statistical Evaluation of the Influence of Flow Conditions and Sampling Techniques on Water Quality Data

Phosphorus Losses in Surface Runoff and Subsurface Drainage Waters on Two Agricultural Fields in Quebec

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