Geology and mineralogy considered with reference to natural theology

Buckland, William

doi:10.5962/bhl.title.25353

Cited by 48 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…It is part of society (Russell, 1952), and many of the questions it chooses to pursue derive from the society in which it operates. An example of this was the attempt in the early 19th century to reconstruct the geological history of the Earth and still have it agree with the then widely accepted Christian doctrine (Cadbury, 2000), and this was most notably done by Buckland (1837) in his "Bridgewater Treatises." Art has been an important part of society for a long time (Clark, 1969), and compared to other sciences such as chemistry or physics, palaeontology is a very visual science.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Balance and Strength—Estimating the Maximum Prey‐Lifting Potential of the Large Predatory Dinosaur Carcharodontosaurus saharicus

Henderson

Nicholls²

2015

The Anatomical Record

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Motivated by the work of palaeo-art "Double Death (2011)," a biomechanical analysis using three-dimensional digital models was conducted to assess the potential of a pair of the large, Late Cretaceous theropod dinosaur Carcharodontosaurus saharicus to successfully lift a mediumsized sauropod and not lose balance. Limaysaurus tessonei from the Late Cretaceous of South America was chosen as the sauropod as it is more completely known, but closely related to the rebbachisaurid sauropods found in the same deposits with C. saharicus. The body models incorporate the details of the low-density regions associated with lungs, systems of air sacs, and pneumatized axial skeletal regions. These details, along with the surface meshes of the models, were used to estimate the body masses and centers of mass of the two animals. It was found that a 6 t C. saharicus could successfully lift a mass of 2.5 t and not lose balance as the combined center of mass of the body and the load in the jaws would still be over the feet. However, the neck muscles were found to only be capable of producing enough force to hold up the head with an added mass of 424 kg held at the midpoint of the maxillary tooth row. The jaw adductor muscles were more powerful, and could have held a load of 512 kg. The more limiting neck constraint leads to the conclusion that two, adult C. saharicus could successfully lift a L. tessonei with a maximum body mass of 850 kg and a body length of 8.3 m. Anat Rec, 298:1367Rec, 298: -1375Rec, 298: , 2015. V C 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Balance and Strength—Estimating the Maximum Prey‐Lifting Potential of the Large Predatory Dinosaur Carcharodontosaurus saharicus

Henderson

Nicholls²

2015

The Anatomical Record

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“…The classical morphofunctional interpretation (often called the Buckland hypothesis) is that increasing suture indentation leads to forms adapted to deeper water depth, because it is supposed to provide buttressing against hydrostatic pressure on the phragmocone (Buckland 1836;Pfaff 1911;Saunders 1995;De Blasio 2008;and references inside). However, this function of the septal folding remains controversial (Saunders 1995;OlÕriz et al 2002;Lewy 2002) and constructional constraints complicate its interpretation (see discussion in Monnet et al 2011) leading to the idea that the evolution of the suture indentation of ammonoids exceeds their functional needs or limits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Globacrochordicerasgen. nov. (Acrochordiceratidae, late Early Triassic) and its significance for stress-induced evolutionary jumps in ammonoid lineages (cephalopods)

Monnet¹,

Bucher

Brayard

et al. 2013

Fossil Record

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“…Vários anos depois, ele apregoou a descoberta de lama e ossos preenchendo uma caverna perto de Kirkdale como confirmação de uma inundação cataclísmica. Mas após décadas de estudos de campo pela Inglaterra e Europa, Buckland concluiu que não existia qualquer marca geológica ou geomorfológica do dilúvio bíblico (Buckland 1836). Em seu famoso Bridgewater Treatise, ele reviu suas opiniões publicadas e compreendeu a existência de uma série de longas catástrofes geológicas.…”

Section: Muitas Inundaçõesunclassified

A crença no Dilúvio: campo e teoria na evolução da paisagem antes da geomorfologia

Montgomery¹

2017

Terrae Didat.

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TerraeDid atic a TRADUÇÃO ABSTRACT: Opinions about the origin of topography have long marked the frontier between science and religion. The creation of the world we know is central to religious and secular world views; and until recently the power to shape landscapes lay beyond the reach of mortals, inviting speculation as to a role for divine intervention. For centuries, Christians framed rational inquiry into the origin of topography around theories for how Noah's Flood shaped mountains and carved valleys. Only as geologists learned how to decipher Earth history and read the signature of Earth surface processes did naturalists come to understand the forces that shaped the world. In this sense, the historical roots of geomorphology lie in the tension between faith in theories and the compelling power of field observations, issues that remain relevant to the practice of geomorphology today. Faith in floods: IntroduçãoAs teorias dão o tom de comoas observações são interpretadas. E as observações de campo moldaram as teorias de evolução da paisagem muito antes do desenvolvimento da geomorfologia como disciplina específica (Chorley et al. 1964, Davies 1969, Montgomery 2012. Conquanto os cientistas não mais discutem a respeito da expressão fisiográfica do Dilúvio de Noé, problemas fundamentais surgidos a partir da colocação das teorias acima das observações de campo permanecem pertinentes ainda hoje. O reconhecimento da tensão histórica entre os dados de campo e a teoria ajuda a compreender a natureza complementar desses dois âmbi-tos. Nesse sentido, uma breve revisão das primeiras ideias acerca da evolução da paisagem e da procura por evidências geomorfológicas de uma inundação global ou do Dilúvio podem forjar o contexto histórico para a compreensão das relações simbióticas entre o trabalho de campo e a teoria. Os gregos clássicosOs filósofos e geógrafos clássicos gregos reconheceram que as paisagens desenvolveram-se durante longos períodos de tempo em resposta a mudanças nos processos erosivos e sob a influência humana. Algumas dessas visões possuem paralelos com as concepções modernas enquanto outras parecem hoje inequivocamente ultrapassadas. Em ambos os casos, as teorias dos filósofos estiveram enraizadas na tentativa de explicar suas observações de campo.No século VI AC, o filósofo grego Xenófanes encontrou camadas de conchas enterradas nas rochas de Malta e moldes de peixes e focas nas pedreiras de Siracusa (Mayor 2000). Ele concluiu que a evaporação de um vasto mar havia deixado os animais marinhos na lama e que esta, ao secar, converteu-se em rocha. Ele então supôs que a vida foi repetidamente gerada e destruída ao longo de grandes ciclos durante os quais mar e terra mudavam de lugar.

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Geology and mineralogy considered with reference to natural theology

Cited by 48 publications

References 0 publications

Balance and Strength—Estimating the Maximum Prey‐Lifting Potential of the Large Predatory Dinosaur Carcharodontosaurus saharicus

Balance and Strength—Estimating the Maximum Prey‐Lifting Potential of the Large Predatory Dinosaur Carcharodontosaurus saharicus

Globacrochordicerasgen. nov. (Acrochordiceratidae, late Early Triassic) and its significance for stress-induced evolutionary jumps in ammonoid lineages (cephalopods)

A crença no Dilúvio: campo e teoria na evolução da paisagem antes da geomorfologia

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