Geological and Historical Aspects of Climatic Change

A revision of the taxonomy of the Redshank Tringa totanus

“…The whole of Northern Europe, including the British Isles and Iceland, was almost certainly unoccupied by the species. It seems likely that, with the onset of the third phase of the last glaciation, all species of birds would be driven to the southern parts of their ranges, and the Redshank would probably have been pushed further south than most other waders; this probably occurred again some 10,000 years ago during the period referred to by Brooks (1951) as the Dryas. Probably Europe and Western Asia was occupied by Redshanks similar to the brown morph at this time, as otherwise it would be difficult to explain the present-day occurrence of this morph in Norway and Sweden.…”

“…In Kashmir, Tringa totanus meinertzhageni has been named by Theide (1963). In the eastern part of the range reddish birds from Northern China and Mongolia are referable to Tringa totanus terrignotae (Meinertzhagen, 1926), and in the extreme east of the range, in Sakhalin and the lower reaches of the Amur, the very small birds which occur have been named Tringa totanus ussuriensis (Buturlin 1934).…”

Global environmental management: a historical perspective.

“…The carbon dioxide theory of climate change fell into disuse as water vapor was considered to absorb all infrared radiation from the earth's surface (Brooks 1951). G.S.…”

A Disjunct Stand of Hemlock in the Georgia Piedmont

“…This concept is well substantiated by the variations which have occurred in post-Pleistocene climates, and especially of those variations occurring within the Christian era. Although specific data is not available for the southeastern states, Brooks ( 1951) in reviewing the world literature notes that for the regions studied there is ample evidence of alternating wetter and dryer periods of one hundred years or less, as well as long term trends of hundreds of years time. Thus, the stand under consideration might have represented either a temporary oscillation or a brief period of expansion in the general trend of contraction.…”