A Disjunct Stand of Hemlock in the Georgia Piedmont

Bormann, Franz–Josef; Platt, Robert B.

doi:10.2307/1929961

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Seepage slopes tend to occur farther below summits than do outcrops without seepage ( x = 103 m below summit vs. 38 m below summit for non-seepage slopes); p < 0.0001 by t-tests). Seepage presence relates to rock permeability, the strike and dip of metamorphic foliation or outcrop fractures, and topographic influences on sub-surface flow (Boorman & Platt 1958;Schafale & Weakley 1990). Ground water tends to follow rock formations on mountain slopes and moist habitats often develop on and near downslope outcrops (Hursh & Haasis 1931).…”

Section: Rare Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐elevation rock outcrop vegetation of the Southern Appalachian Mountains

Wiser

Peet

White

1996

J Vegetation Science

107

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Abstract. Species composition patterns and vegetation‐environment relationships were quantified for high‐elevation rock outcrops of the Southern Appalachian Mountains, an infrequent and insular habitat in a forested landscape. Outcrops occur over a wide geographic range encompassing extensive variation in both geology and climate. Geographic‐scale factors interact with site‐scale factors to produce variation in vegetation among outcrops. Similarly, site‐scale factors interact with micro‐scale factors to produce variation in vegetation within outcrops. To provide a quantitatively‐based classification of outcrop vegetation we used a TWINSPAN analysis of 154 100‐m2 plots. We recognized nine communities that primarily correspond to different combinations of elevation, bedrock type, geography, and moisture. Within outcrops of a single bedrock type, vegetation composition of 100‐m2 plots was consistently correlated with elevation and solar radiation, but relationships to soil nutrients varied with bedrock type. Both site‐scale (100 m2) factors (e.g. elevation, slope, aspect, and bedrock type) and plot‐scale (1‐m2) microsite factors (e.g. soil depth, vegetation height, soil nutrients) were strongly correlated with species composition at the 1‐m2 level. Environment can be used to predict composition more effectively for 100‐m2 plots on a single bedrock type than either across bedrock types or at a 1‐m2 scale. Composition‐environment relationships resemble those described for outcrop systems from other regions with pronounced topographic relief more than they do those described for the nearby but flatter and lower‐elevation outcrops of the Southeastern Piedmont. There is strong spatial autocorrelation in this community, perhaps owing to dispersal limitation. Consequently, a comprehensive conservation strategy must include reservation of both a range of geologic types and a range of geographic locations.

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Section: Rare Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐elevation rock outcrop vegetation of the Southern Appalachian Mountains

Wiser

Peet

White

1996

J Vegetation Science

107

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“…Although the species is rather widespread, stand characteristics differ throughout its distribution (Ellison et al 2005). Disjunct stands are common in the southern and western portions of its range and stand characteristics and abiotic conditions of some isolated stands have been studied (Segars et al 1951;Harper 1952;Oosting and Hess 1956;Bormann and Platt 1958). The southern range limit of the species is represented by disjunct stands that are separated from the contiguous range by ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of climate and disturbance on the growth of Tsuga canadensis at its southern limit in eastern North America

Hart

Gevel

Sakulich³

et al. 2010

Trees

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It has long been hypothesized that trees growing at range limits likely also occur near the limit of their ecological amplitude and thus, should be more sensitive to climate variability than individuals growing nearer the range core. We developed a tree-ring chronology using Tsuga canadensis individuals from three disjunct stands at the species' southern limit to quantify the influence of climate and disturbance on radial growth patterns. The tree-ring record extended 158 years from 1850 to 2007. Significant negative relationships were found between the STANDARD chronology and monthly mean temperature, monthly maximum temperature, and monthly minimum temperature during the previous and current summer, while significant positive relationships were documented between the STANDARD chronology and monthly minimum temperature for September and October of the current year. Also, significant positive relationships were documented between the STANDARD chronology and monthly total precipitation for September of the previous year and May of the current year. Response function analysis showed that monthly climate variables (r 2 = 0.22) and prior growth (r 2 = 0.40) explained 62% of the variance in the T. canadensis tree-ring chronology. A time series plot for the T. canadensis chronology showed that actual tree growth agreed relatively well with the predicted growth based on significant climate variables. However, positive departures from the predicted growth were noted. Dendroecological analysis revealed these departures were likely related to disturbance events. Our results indicated that T. canadensis individuals at its southernmost extent are sensitive to regional climate, but not more so than trees nearer the range core. We hypothesize that microenvironmental conditions of T. canadensis stands at its southern limit are similar to conditions within the contiguous distribution of the species, which may explain this pattern.

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“…It does occur in a few relict stands on the Piedmont, but almost always on protected, moist, north-facing slopes (Bormann andPlatt 1958, Oosting andHess 1956, Segars, Crawford, andHarvill). Tsuga canadensis is not a common plant on the Piedmont today, but in the Southeast is largely confined to rich, cool habitats in the mountainous area.…”

Section: Discussion Locality Nomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tsuga canadensis is not a common plant on the Piedmont today, but in the Southeast is largely confined to rich, cool habitats in the mountainous area. It does occur in a few relict stands on the Piedmont, but almost always on protected, moist, north-facing slopes (Bormann andPlatt 1958, Oosting andHess 1956, Segars, Crawford, andHarvill). These disjunct stands are often interpreted as representing remnants of a formerly more extensive distribution, perhaps developed during glacial periods.…”

Section: Discussion Locality Nomentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollen Analytical Investigations of Pleistocene Deposits from Western North Carolina and South Carolina

Whitehead¹,

Barghoorn²

1962

Ecological Monographs

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A Disjunct Stand of Hemlock in the Georgia Piedmont

Cited by 12 publications

References 6 publications

High‐elevation rock outcrop vegetation of the Southern Appalachian Mountains

High‐elevation rock outcrop vegetation of the Southern Appalachian Mountains

Influence of climate and disturbance on the growth of Tsuga canadensis at its southern limit in eastern North America

Pollen Analytical Investigations of Pleistocene Deposits from Western North Carolina and South Carolina

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