Pollen Analytical Investigations of Pleistocene Deposits from Western North Carolina and South Carolina

Abstract

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Afinidad fitogeográfica y papel sucesional de la flora leñosa de los bosques de pino‑encino de los Altos de Chiapas, México

“…Los estudios de Martin y Harrell (1957) sobre la biogeografía de los vertebrados de estas regiones también sugieren al Terciario como el período de inicio del intercambio. La evidencia de fluctuaciones climáticas en el Pleistoceno, el Plioceno y el Holoceno, que modificaron la distribución altitudinal y latitudinal de las floras, sugiere que los contactos entre elementos de clima templado pudieron ocurrir esporádicamente durante estos períodos (Potzger y Tharp, 1954;Whitehead y Barghoorn, 1952;Raven y Axelrod, 1975;Brown y Gibson, 1983). González y Fuentes (1980) han La suma de las columnas puede no ser igual al 100% debido a que no se incluyeron en este estudio los datos obtenidos en campo relativos a helechos y herbáceas erectas de >50 cm de altura.…”

Fossil Pine Pollen and Full‐Glacial Vegetation in Southeastern North Carolina

“…Map illustrating distribution of Pinus banksimw, P. resinosa, and P. glabra and location of sites that have been investigated. References to sites are as follows: Marsh, Pa., Martin 1958b;Carolina Bays, Frey 1951, 1955Piedmont localities, Cain 1944a, Whitehead andBarghoorn 1962. Southern border of boreal forest as proposed by Martin 1958a. and a slight spruce maximum, depends to a large degree upon an evaluation of Frey's size-frequency data for fossil pine pollen ( Fig.…”

Ephedra Pollen in Sediments of the Great Lakes Region

“…They noted that the Ephedra grains were found above a temperature inversion, and concluded that the pollen had been carried in an air mass that was not of local origin. This evidence for the long-distance transport of Ephedra pollen apparently has not received much attention from pollen analysts working with fossil materials (see, however, Potter andRowley 1960, Whitehead andBarghoorn 1962). The possibilities existed, or course, that the Vinjes' Ephedra pollen was derived locally from plants growing under cultivation in a greenhouse or arboretum, or that perhaps the pollen was incorrectly identified.…”

“…They stated (p. 222) that " ... as a result of r~cent pollen studies, it has been shown that Ephedra persisted as a late-and postglacial desert steppe plant in protected areas in Europe ... and the United States .... " They reviewed the world distribution of the plant, indicated that it apparently is indifferent to temperature but requires climatic and edaphic dryness, and concluded (p .. 252) that "this extreme adaptability possibly explams the presence of Ephedra in North America and Europe during late glacial time." Whitehead and Barghoorn (1962) found a single grain of Ephedra pollen in each of three different deposits of Pleistocene age in western North Carolina and South Carolina. They believed that the presence of the pollen was not likely to have been the result of rebedding, laboratory contamination, or long-distance transport, and concluded that the presence of Ephedra in the Carolinas during the Pleistocene was possibly indicated.…”