Geological and geomorphological controls on groundwater occurrence in a hard rock region

Abstract

Remote sensing and GIS tools have broadly helped hydrogeologists to delineate the groundwater prospective zones for watershed development and management. The origin, movement and existence of groundwater depends on several factors such as slope, drainage density, land use, geology, lineament density and geomorphology. Based on these, the mapping and identification of groundwater potential zones were carried out in a part of Nalgonda district, Telangana, India. The regions were categorised as high, moderate and low groundwater potential, and they were validated with the groundwater levels and yield of wells located in the corresponding zones. Extensive possibility for watershed development is possible in 41 % of the total 724 km 2 and 46 % of the area offers moderate options. Any groundwater management project implemented in these favourable areas will bring maximum benefit. Similar studies should be considered necessary before designing a water resource development activity as it will reduce the cost on detailed field visits which are time-consuming.

Groundwater Recharge Potential for Sustainable Water Use in Urban Areas of the Jequitiba River Basin, Brazil

“…However, the GIS was used to calculate a groundwater potential index as result of an overlay weight analysis, while the approach used in the Jequitiba River basin was physically based. Another study [117] based on a groundwater potential index and involving slope, drainage density, land use, geology, lineament density and geomorphological features from a mountainous region in Nalgonda district, Telangana, India, elected as best suitable areas the pediplains and valleys with minimum slope and sediment filling. Similar results were obtained by Singh et al [118] in the Deccan Volcanic Province of Maharashtra, India, who further highlighted the predominance of low to medium groundwater potential within the studied basaltic area.…”

Groundwater quality assessment using geospatial and statistical tools in Salem District, Tamil Nadu, India

“…1. Geology of the area serves as the basis for groundwater condition and its occurrences, movement, and quality of groundwater (Rajaveni et al 2015). Lithology of the study area exposes a highly dissected Precambrian shield terrain comprising rocks of diverse origin.…”

“…Developing countries, such as India, have extensive spectral differences of topographical, hydrological, meteorological, geomorphological, hydro-geological, and geological conditions (Kumar et al 2015;Ahamed et al 2013;Singh et al 2014a, b). Groundwater origin, occurrence, and migrations depend upon several factors, such as drainage density, slope, geology, geomorphology, land use, and lineament density (Rajaveni et al 2015). Groundwater, clean and safe in ancient days in contrast to present decades, shows how quick industrialization creates severe environmental issues in most countries (Santhosh and Revathi 2014).…”

Miscellaneous Techniques of Detecting Groundwater

“…Several geological processes are the reasons for creating landforms which are the indicators to show the permeable strata. Some good potential zones of groundwater are the locations of modern alluvial terraces and floodplains, stratified valley-fill deposits, glacial outwash plains, glacial deltas, kames, moraine complexes, eskers alluvial fans and beach ridges etc [4]. Physiographic methods analyze the surface topography and drainages by which groundwater potential zones can be found.…”

“…This techniques involve in collecting, analyzing and hydrogeological interpreting of topographic maps, aerial photographs, geologic maps etc [4]. Geologic reconnaissance and hydrologic data are also needed for this.…”