Geographical variation and the determinants of domestic endotoxin levels in mattress dust in Europe

Cm, Chen; Thiering, Elisabeth; Doekes, Gert; Jp, Zock; Bakolis, Ioannis; Norbäck, Dan; Sunyer, Jordi; Villani, Simona; Verlato, Giuseppe; Täubel, Martin; Jarvis, Déborah; Heinrich, Joachim

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2011.00740.x

Cited by 39 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(60 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…These investigators cautioned that multiple shipping and long-term storage of the dust before endotoxin analysis may have diminished the integrity of the samples (14). In other studies performed in large U.S. inner cities (15,16) and in a European consortium study (2), investigators reported higher endotoxin levels in bedroom floor and/or bedding (Table 5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Endotoxin Exposure: Predictors and Prevalence of Associated Asthma Outcomes in the United States

Thorne

Mendy

Metwali

et al. 2015

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

106

122

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rationale: Inhaled endotoxin induces airway inflammation and is an established risk factor for asthma. The -2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey included measures of endotoxin and allergens in homes as well as specific IgE to inhalant allergens.Objectives: To understand the relationships between endotoxin exposure, asthma outcomes, and sensitization status for 15 aeroallergens in a nationally representative sample.Methods: Participants were administered questionnaires in their homes. Reservoir dust was vacuum sampled to generate composite bedding and bedroom floor samples. We analyzed 7,450 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey dust and quality assurance samples for their endotoxin content using extreme quality assurance measures. Data for 6,963 subjects were available, making this the largest study of endotoxin exposure to date. Log-transformed endotoxin concentrations were analyzed using logistic models and forward stepwise linear regression. Analyses were weighted to provide national prevalence estimates and unbiased variances.Measurements and Main Results: Endotoxin exposure was significantly associated with wheeze in the past 12 months, wheeze during exercise, doctor and/or emergency room visits for wheeze, and use of prescription medications for wheeze. Models adjusted for age, sex, race and/or ethnicity, and poverty-to-income ratio and stratified by allergy status showed that these relationships were not dependent upon sensitization status but were worsened among those living in poverty. Significant predictors of higher endotoxin exposures were lower family income; Hispanic ethnicity; participant age; dog(s), cat(s), cockroaches, and/or smoker(s) in the home; and carpeted floors.Conclusions: In this U.S. nationwide representative sample, higher endotoxin exposure was significantly associated with measures of wheeze, with no observed protective effect regardless of sensitization status.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Endotoxin Exposure: Predictors and Prevalence of Associated Asthma Outcomes in the United States

Thorne

Mendy

Metwali

et al. 2015

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

106

122

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…too permissive). Epidemiologic studies relating endotoxin exposures to asthma outcomes 2, 14, 16, 17, 46, 47 have not adequately accounted for household endotoxin contained within bacterial OM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of sample processing for theLimulusamebocyte lysate assay enhances detection of inflammogenic endotoxin in intact bacteria and organic dust

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The pro-inflammatory potency and causal relationship with asthma of inhaled endotoxins have underscored the importance of accurately assessing the endotoxin content of organic dusts. The Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) assay has emerged as the preferred assay but its ability to measure endotoxin in intact bacteria and organic dusts with similar sensitivity as purified endotoxin is unknown. We used metabolically radiolabeled Neisseria meningitidis and both rough and smooth Escherichia coli to compare dose-dependent activation in the LAL with purified endotoxin from these bacteria and shed outer membrane (OM) blebs. Bacteria labeled with [14C]-3-OH-fatty acids were used to quantify the endotoxin content of the samples. Purified meningococcal and E. coli endotoxins and OM blebs displayed similar specific activity in the LAL assay to the purified LPS standard. In contrast, intact bacteria exhibited 5-fold lower specific activity in the LAL assay but showed similar MD-2-dependent potency as purified endotoxin in inducing acute airway inflammation in mice. Pretreatment of intact bacteria and organic dusts with 0.1M Tris-HCl/10mM EDTA increased by 5-fold the release of endotoxin. These findings demonstrate that house dust and other organic dusts should be extracted with Tris/EDTA to more accurately assess the endotoxin content and pro-inflammatory potential of these environmental samples.

show abstract

“…24 In addition, most studies focused on investigating the health effects of endotoxin exposure, and detailed information about the measurement of endotoxins was often not available in the published paper.…”

Section: Concentration Of Endotoxins In Indoor Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endotoxins in Indoor Air and Settled Dust in Primary Schools in a Subtropical Climate

Salonen

Duchaine

Létourneau

et al. 2013

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Endotoxins can significantly affect the air quality in school environments. However, there is currently no reliable method for the measurement of endotoxins, and there is a lack of reference values for endotoxin concentrations to aid in the interpretation of measurement results in school settings. We benchmarked the "baseline" range of endotoxin concentration in indoor air, together with endotoxin load in floor dust, and evaluated the correlation between endotoxin levels in indoor air and settled dust, as well as the effects of temperature and humidity on these levels in subtropical school settings. Bayesian hierarchical modeling indicated that the concentration in indoor air and the load in floor dust were generally (<95th percentile) <13 EU/m(3) and <24,570 EU/m(2), respectively. Exceeding these levels would indicate abnormal sources of endotoxins in the school environment and the need for further investigation. Metaregression indicated no relationship between endotoxin concentration and load, which points to the necessity for measuring endotoxin levels in both the air and settled dust. Temperature increases were associated with lower concentrations in indoor air and higher loads in floor dust. Higher levels of humidity may be associated with lower airborne endotoxin concentrations.

show abstract

Geographical variation and the determinants of domestic endotoxin levels in mattress dust in Europe

Cited by 39 publications

References 46 publications

Endotoxin Exposure: Predictors and Prevalence of Associated Asthma Outcomes in the United States

Endotoxin Exposure: Predictors and Prevalence of Associated Asthma Outcomes in the United States

Modification of sample processing for theLimulusamebocyte lysate assay enhances detection of inflammogenic endotoxin in intact bacteria and organic dust

Endotoxins in Indoor Air and Settled Dust in Primary Schools in a Subtropical Climate

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About