Geographical distribution of Toxoplasma gondii genotypes in Asia: A link with neighboring continents

Chaichan, Patcharee; Mercier, Aurélien; Galal, Lokman; Mahittikorn, Aongart; Ariey, Frédéric; Morand, Sergé; Boumédiène, Farid; Udonsom, Ruenruetai; Hamidović, Azra; Murat, Jean-Benjamin; Sukthana, Yaowalark; Dardé, Marie‐Laure

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2017.06.002

Cited by 98 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Mice infected with an attenuated type I strain that does not persist in mouse brain were not protected against amyloid beta deposition. Transposing data from animal models to human populations is particularly delicate as not all dementia subtypes share the same pathophysiological process and knowledge of the strains circulating in different countries is still incomplete . We, however, can reasonably think that our participants were infected by African strains, which share some genetic similarities with type I strains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevalence of toxoplasmosis and its association with dementia in older adults in Central Africa: a result from the EPIDEMCA programme

Bouscaren

Pilleron

M’Belesso

et al. 2018

Tropical Med Int Health

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Objective We aimed at estimating the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection in older adults living in Central Africa and investigating its association with dementia using data from the Epidemiology of Dementia in Central Africa (EPIDEMCA) programme. Methods A cross‐sectional multicentre population‐based study was carried out among participants aged 73 (±7) years on average, living in rural and urban areas of the Central African Republic and the Republic of Congo between November 2011 and December 2012. Blood samples were collected from each consenting participant. The detection of anti‐T. gondii immunoglobulin G antibodies was performed in 2014 in France using a commercially available ELISA kit. Participants were interviewed using a standardised questionnaire including sociodemographic characteristics. DSM‐IV criteria were required for a diagnosis of dementia. Multivariate binary logistic regression models were used to assess the association between toxoplasmosis infection and dementia. Results Among 1662 participants, the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis was 63.0% (95% confidence interval (CI): 60.7–65.3) overall, 66.6% (95%CI: 63.4–69.8) in Central African Republic and 59.4% (95%CI: 56.1–62.7) in the Republic of Congo. In multivariate analyses, toxoplasmosis status was significantly associated with increasing age (P = 0.006), Republic of Congo (P = 0.002), urban area (P = 0.001) and previous occupation (P = 0.002). No associations between dementia and toxoplasmosis status or anti‐T. gondii IgG titres were found. Conclusion Toxoplasma gondii infection was not associated with dementia among older adults in Central Africa. Our findings are consistent with previous studies and add to the knowledge on the relationship between T. gondii infection and neurological disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevalence of toxoplasmosis and its association with dementia in older adults in Central Africa: a result from the EPIDEMCA programme

Bouscaren

Pilleron

M’Belesso

et al. 2018

Tropical Med Int Health

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“…In the present study, a systematic review was conducted on the published genetic typing reports on population structures to genetically characterize T. gondii strains obtained from wildlife and domestic felid family from different continents and understand the transmission pattern and status of their genetic diversity. As Chaichan et al () believed genotyping the isolates of the papers utilizing less than five typing markers would not provide reliable results therefore, in this review study, the investigations that described T. gondii genotypes by means of genetic characterization methods with more than four typing markers were reviewed. Regarding this, as in any compilation of data, several biases may be considered for this systematic review.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of Toxoplasma gondii genotypes and feline: Geographical distribution trends

Amouei

Sarvi

Sharif

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is well known for its ability to virtually infect all warm‐blooded vertebrates. Although felines as the definitive hosts have an important role in the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis, there are few descriptions of genetic diversity in the world. The present review study aimed to describe the population structure of T. gondii in these animal species. For the purpose of the study, five English language databases reporting data on T. gondii genotyping in cats were searched within March‐June 2019. This study is registered on the site of CAMARADES‐NC3Rs (15‐Jan‐2018). The searching process resulted in the inclusion of 50 reports published from 1992 to June 2019. The data revealed that 47,390 samples were genotyped into 662 T. gondii DNA/isolates. Globally, atypical genotypes were predominant (47.7%, n = 316); in addition, Type II clonal strains were the second most common genotype (37%, n = 244). These results suggested an epidemic population structure in America and Asia, and a clonal population structure in Europe and Africa. Genotype #3 was found to be dominant in Africa, Europe and Oceania continents. Furthermore, genotypes #9 and #5 were prevalent in Asia and America, respectively. Additionally, genotypes #2, #3, #5 and #20 were common genotypes in domestic and sylvatic cycles from family Felidae. Collectively, this systematic review indicated a large degree of genetic diversity and circulation of mouse‐virulent T. gondii strains in this family. However, further studies are necessary to better understand the population structure of T. gondii in these animal species and determine the significance of their features.

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“…Recent studies demonstrated that global human migration and trading may have contributed to the origin of type II lineage of T. gondii from the Old World and expansion in North America. Furthermore, this may explain the wide distribution of the ToxoDB#9 and ToxDB#20 strain of T. gondii in Asia (Chaichan et al, ; Shwab et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation, genotyping and pathogenicity of a Toxoplasma gondii strain isolated from a Serval ( Leptailurus serval ) in China

Dong

Li³

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Toxoplasma gondii typically causes lifelong chronic infection and has been identified in a variety of intermediate and definitive hosts. Felids are capable of serving as both intermediate and definite hosts for T. gondii infection. However, there is no direct evidence to prove that servals are the intermediate host of T. gondii. In this study, T. gondii antibodies were detected in a serval by a modified agglutination test (titer, 1:200). Viable T. gondii was isolated from the striated muscles of the serval. This strain was further propagated in cell culture and designated as TgServalCHn1. Genetic characterization of DNA derived from cell culture was performed by RFLP‐PCR of 10 markers, as well as polymorphic ROP5 and ROP18 genes. Results showed that this strain of T. gondii belonged to the genotype ToxoDB#20. The ROP5 allele 4 and ROP18 allele 3 suggested that this strain was avirulent, which was further supported by infection in mice. Encephalitis, immune organ necrosis and focal mononuclear cell infiltration in multiple organs were the main pathology characteristics observed in BALB/C mice infected with the TgServalCHn1 strain. To our knowledge, the present study is the first to report the isolation of T. gondii from a serval, which gives direct evidence for servals serving as an intermediate host of T. gondii. The genotyping results revealed the presence of genotype ToxoDB#20 in central China, enriching the scope of the distribution of T. gondii genotypes in Asia.

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Geographical distribution of Toxoplasma gondii genotypes in Asia: A link with neighboring continents

Cited by 98 publications

References 86 publications

Prevalence of toxoplasmosis and its association with dementia in older adults in Central Africa: a result from the EPIDEMCA programme

Prevalence of toxoplasmosis and its association with dementia in older adults in Central Africa: a result from the EPIDEMCA programme

A systematic review of Toxoplasma gondii genotypes and feline: Geographical distribution trends

Isolation, genotyping and pathogenicity of a Toxoplasma gondii strain isolated from a Serval ( Leptailurus serval ) in China

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