Geographical Distribution of Cancer in East Africa: A New Clinicopathological Approach

Hutt, M. S. R.; Burkitt, Denis

doi:10.1136/bmj.2.5464.719

Cited by 80 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…A similar variable distribution has been reported from Tanzania (Burkitt and Slavin, 1968) and Kenya where Rogoff (1968) noted that the tribes with the highest incidence lived in high, cool country with a moderate rainfall. In Uganda, ratio studies (Cook and Burkitt, 1970;Hutt and Burkitt, 1965) have suggested that the disease is most prevalent in the west.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Kaposi's Sarcoma in Uganda: Geographic and Ethnic Distribution

Taylor¹,

Smith²,

Bull³

et al. 1972

Br J Cancer

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Over the quinquennium 1964-68 the crude annual incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma in Uganda per million of the population was 7·9 overall, 14·6 for males and 1·1 for females. Statistical analysis indicates that the disease is most prevalent in highland areas to the west and among the indigenous Bantu tribes. There was no correlation with the distribution of squamous cell carcinoma of the lower leg, and Kaposi's sarcoma was not seen in an Indian or European during the period under review.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Kaposi's Sarcoma in Uganda: Geographic and Ethnic Distribution

Taylor¹,

Smith²,

Bull³

et al. 1972

Br J Cancer

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“…When Denis Burkitt mapped the occurrences of BL across sub-Saharan Africa, it became clear that there was a measure of geographical co-incidence between the lymphoma and malaria (Burkitt, 1961(Burkitt, , 1962Hutt & Burkitt, 1965). The precise basis for the association between malaria and BL remains obscure.…”

Section: Burkitt Lymphoma and Epstein-barr Virus (Ebv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral infections and human cancers: the legacy of Denis Burkitt

Harford

2012

Br J Haematol

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SummaryDenis Parsons Burkitt was born in 1911, and in the late 1950s, described the disease that has come to be known as Burkitt lymphoma based on cases he observed in Uganda. Subsequently, Burkitt lymphoma was recognized as the first human tumour associated with an infectious agent when Epstein–Barr virus was isolated from samples supplied by Burkitt. It is now recognized that over one‐quarter of cancers worldwide are tied to infections. Notably, liver cancer is linked to hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections, and cervical cancer to infections involving the human papilloma viruses. In addition, immunocompromise arising from infection with the human immunodeficiency virus allows tumours (e.g., Kaposi sarcoma) caused by other viruses to arise. More than 50 years after the seminal paper by Burkitt based on his work in Africa, it is appreciated that the contribution of viral infections to cancers remains considerably higher in sub‐Saharan Africa than in the rest of the world.

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“…On contrary, in East Africa, up to 50 percent of the BL patients are reportedly cured of the disease [11,12]) with about 25 percent enjoying 5 year disease free survival [13]. Arguably, the major factors influencing remission duration and survival in BL are disease stage at diagnosis and the quality of treatment (including completion of cycles).…”

Section: Survival Of Bl Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival Factors of Burkitts Lymphoma Patients at Discharge: The Case of St. Mary’s Hospital Lacor in Northern Uganda

Mike¹

2014

AJHR

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Abstract:The purpose was to explore the contribution of the presenting demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics to the survival status at discharge and duration of admission. The study used secondary data of the Burkitts Lymphoma (BL) patients who were admitted at St. Mary's Hospital Lacor between the period 2003 and 2009. Regressive methods were developed to establish the factors explaining the dependent variables. Whereas majority of the admissions were males (60%), the proportion of females diagnosed with the cancer progressively increased more than that of males over years. Regardless of any other anatomic site involved; 74 percent of the patients had abdominal tumors, 49 percent had tumors in the face and 23 percent had tumors in the CNS. Females were more likely to have abdominal tumor involvement than males. On the other hand, males were twice more likely to have facial or CNS tumor involvement than the females. Over 80 percent of the patients were staged C or D suggesting delays in seeking for treatment. Patients with adnominal or CNS tumor involvement were more likely to be staged C or D. Seven percent died within the average admission period of 96 days. All deaths were observed among stages C and D patients. The duration of admission between the discharged dead and alive was significantly different. Stage C and D patients tended to have longer duration of admission. Further, older patients tended to have a longer duration of admission than the younger ones. Other variables such as sex, and site tumor involvement did not have a significant effect on the duration of admission. The duration of admission and survival status tended to influence each other. Though marginal, age at admission had a significant role to play in explaining the length of admission. The deaths before admission were observed among stage C and D patients, of which over 80% of the patients were staged. This calls in a community-level follow-up study to assess their survival. The above findings suggest an accelerated risk to death among the discharged stage C and D patients.

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Geographical Distribution of Cancer in East Africa: A New Clinicopathological Approach

Cited by 80 publications

References 8 publications

Kaposi's Sarcoma in Uganda: Geographic and Ethnic Distribution

Kaposi's Sarcoma in Uganda: Geographic and Ethnic Distribution

Viral infections and human cancers: the legacy of Denis Burkitt

Survival Factors of Burkitts Lymphoma Patients at Discharge: The Case of St. Mary’s Hospital Lacor in Northern Uganda

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