Kaposi's Sarcoma in Uganda: Geographic and Ethnic Distribution

Taylor, J.; Smith, P. G.; Bull, Diana; Pike, Malcolm C.

doi:10.1038/bjc.1972.66

Cited by 84 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Convergence zones are also marked at the east side of Lake Victoria (now Kenya and Tanzania), intermixing Bantu, Southern Nilotic and Eastern Nilotic populations. [18] showed greater standardized KSHV incidences in the western districts of Uganda.…”

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confidence: 90%

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Ugandan Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Phylogeny: Evidence for Cross-Ethnic Transmission of Viral Subtypes

Kajumbula

Wallace²,

Zong

et al. 2006

Intervirology

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Objective: The aim of this study was to test the relationship between Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) phylogeny and host ethnicity at the within-country scale. Methods: KSHV genomic DNA samples were isolated from 31 patients across eleven Ugandan ethnic groups. Amino acid sequences of the ORF-K1 gene were used to construct a neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree. Results: A5 and B1 variants predominated with no evidence of distinct ethnic or geographic distribution. A new K1 subtype (F) was identified in a member of the Bantu Gisu tribe and a new subtype B variant (B3) among members of the Bantu Ganda tribe. Conclusions: The phylogeny may yet be structured by host ethnicity if members of Ugandan groups have convoluted biological origins, even as they identify with single tribes. An alternative possibility is that KSHV subtype evolution may have preceded major diversification of sub-Saharan Africans into ethnicities as we know them today, with ethnic groups beginning their histories already hosting multiple subtypes. A third alternative is that horizontal transmission of multiple KSHV subtypes may have broken up vertical lineages of the virus passed down within Ugandan populations.

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confidence: 90%

“…Third, Ugandan groups may differ in presenting KS. Two decades before the discovery of KSHV, Taylor et al [18] showed that KS incidence differed in Uganda by tribe and geographic area. The Sudanic tribes tended to have greater incidences than the Bantu, which in turn had greater incidences than the Nilotes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ugandan Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Phylogeny: Evidence for Cross-Ethnic Transmission of Viral Subtypes

Kajumbula

Wallace²,

Zong

et al. 2006

Intervirology

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“…It is particularly frequent and aggressive when associated with infection by human immunodeficiency virus-1 (2), in contrast to classical KS, which is rare and indolent (2)(3)(4)(5). To date, the pathogenesis of KS is not completely understood, but in vivo and in vitro evidence indicates that this sarcoma probably develops from reactive, nontumoral cells (6, 7) that become characteristically "spindle"-shaped and induce angiogenesis when stimulated by a variety of cytokines and growth factors, including interleukin-1 and -6, interferon-␥, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, tumor necrosis factor-␣, fibroblast growth factors, plateletderived growth factor, chemokines, VEGF-A, transforming growth factors (reviewed in Ref.…”

Section: Ksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-C Stimulates the Migration and Proliferation of Kaposi's Sarcoma Cells

Marchiò

Primo

Pagano³

et al. 1999

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Recent evidence suggesting vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C), which is a regulator of lymphatic and vascular endothelial development, raised the question whether this molecule could be involved in Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), a strongly angiogenic and inflammatory tumor often associated with infection by human immunodeficiency virus-1. This disease is characterized by the presence of a core constituted of three main populations of "spindle" cells, having the features of lymphatic/vascular endothelial cells, macrophagic/ dendritic cells, and of a mixed macrophage-endothelial phenotype.In this study we evaluated the biological response of KS cells to VEGF-C, using an immortal cell line derived from a KS lesion (KS IMM), which retains most features of the parental tumor and can induce KS-like sarcomas when injected subcutaneously in nude mice. We show that VEGFR-3, the specific receptor for VEGF-C, is expressed by KS IMM cells grown in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, VEGF-C induces the tyrosine phosphorylation of VEGFR-2, a receptor also for VEGF-A, as well as that of VEGFR-3. The activation of these two receptors in KS IMM cells is followed by a dose-responsive mitogenic and motogenic response. The stimulation of KS IMM cells with a mutant VEGF-C unable to bind and activate VEFGR-2 resulted in no proliferative response and in a weak motogenic stimulation, suggesting that VEGFR-2 is essential in transducing a proliferative signal and cooperates with VEGFR-3 in inducing cell migration.Our data add new insights on the pathogenesis of KS, suggesting that the involvement of endothelial growth factors may not only determine KS-associated angiogenesis, but also play a critical role in controlling KS cell growth and/or migration and invasion.

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“…The early phase of disease is characterized by an infiltrate of leukocytes and a prominent angiogenesis, which is crucial to the growth and progression of KS (8)(9)(10)(11)(12). The current hypothesis to explain the behavior of KS is an imbalance in the network of soluble mediators caused by HIV-1, other viruses, immunosuppressive treatment, or genetic factors (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). The tat transgenic mice develop lesions similar to KS ( 19), suggesting that this viral protein can be a factor which triggers the imbalance in the network of soluble mediators.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Platelet activating factor produced in vitro by Kaposi's sarcoma cells induces and sustains in vivo angiogenesis.

Bussolino¹,

Arese

Montrucchio³

et al. 1995

J. Clin. Invest.

100

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Kaposi's Sarcoma in Uganda: Geographic and Ethnic Distribution

Cited by 84 publications

References 10 publications

Ugandan Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Phylogeny: Evidence for Cross-Ethnic Transmission of Viral Subtypes

Ugandan Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Phylogeny: Evidence for Cross-Ethnic Transmission of Viral Subtypes

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-C Stimulates the Migration and Proliferation of Kaposi's Sarcoma Cells

Platelet activating factor produced in vitro by Kaposi's sarcoma cells induces and sustains in vivo angiogenesis.

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