Geographical and Socioeconomic Factors Influence the Birth Prevalence of Congenital Heart Disease: A Population-based Cross-sectional Study in Eastern China

Pan, Feixia; Li, Jiabin; Lou, Hongliang; Li, Jing; Jin, Yueqin; Wu, Ting; Pan, Lulu; An, Jing; Xu, Junqiu; Cheng, Wei; Tao, Linghua; Lei, Yongliang; Huang, Chengyin; Yin, Fei; Chen, Jiajia; Zhu, Jihua; Shu, Qiang; Xu, Weize

doi:10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2022.101341

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…14 , 15 In a recent article published in China, ASD was the most common CHD among all participants. 16 In contrast to our study, VSD was reported as the most common CHD in some other studies. 15 , 17 , 18 According to a study on 177 neonates, VSD was the most common type of congenital defect (44%), followed by ASD (21%).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of congenital heart disease according to the echocardiography findings in 8145 neonates, multicenter study in southern Iran

Parvar

Ghaderpanah

Naghshzan

2023

Health Science Reports

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Introduction Congenital heart disease (CHD), the lethal congenital anomaly in newborns, is multifactorial, with environmental and genetic factors contributing to its occurrence. Although some studies on the prevalence of CHD have been conducted throughout the country, this large‐scale study aims to provide information on the prevalence of various types of CHDs in newborns according to the echocardiography findings. Patients and Methods Over 3 years, 8145 neonates with suspected CHD who underwent echocardiography by a trained pediatric cardiologist were included in this multicenter, cross‐sectional observational study. CHD was categorized into two major groups; cyanotic and acyanotic heart disease. The SPSS version 22 software was used to analyze the data with a significance level set at 0.05. Results Of 8145 neonates who were referred to our centers with CHD symptoms, 6307 were indicated for echocardiography. The mean age of the studied population was 8.5 ± 9.3 days and the male‐to‐female ratio was 2.6, especially in the arterial septal defect (ASD), ventricular septal defect (VSD), and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) groups. 77.2% of patients had acyanotic heart disease (100 in 1000 neonates) with ASD as the most common one and 9% were diagnosed with cyanotic heart disease (11 in 1000 neonates) with transposition of the great arteries as the most common form and the aortopulmonary window was the rarest form. Conclusion This large prospective, multicenter screening study reported arterial septal defect (85%) and patents with ductus arteriosus (32%) as the most frequent type of CHD. Moreover, the prevalence of male patients was significantly higher. This information would be helpful for health policy makers, stakeholders, and general practitioners in regions where there are no trained pediatric cardiologist fellowships and limited access to echocardiography devices for better management of CHD.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Another study by Nikyar et al conducted over 2 years reached the same conclusion 14,15 . In a recent article published in China, ASD was the most common CHD among all participants 16 . In contrast to our study, VSD was reported as the most common CHD in some other studies 15,17,18 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Prevalence of congenital heart disease according to the echocardiography findings in 8145 neonates, multicenter study in southern Iran

Parvar

Ghaderpanah

Naghshzan

2023

Health Science Reports

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“…A variety of influencing factors associated with congenital heart disease have been identified, such as the advanced age of pregnant parents, obesity, smoking and drinking, pre-pregnancy and pregnancy diseases, and exposure to various environmental teratogens under industrialization and urbanization (17,(20)(21)(22), all of which have gradually elevated the incidence of congenital heart disease. Furthermore, with the widespread use of echocardiography, small defects (such as ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, and patent ductus arteriosus) are more likely to be identified (20,21,23), thereby increasing the diagnosis rate of congenital heart disease. The reduction in the incidence of neural tube defect-related birth defects is closely related to the nationwide folic acid supplementation program launched in China in 2009 (24)(25)(26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Independent factors associated with birth defects during the whole of pregnancy in Shenyang City, China: a case-control study

Jia¹,

Zeng²,

Sun³

2023

Transl Pediatr

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Background: Birth defects, as a kind of diseases that seriously affect human life, have always attracted much attention. In the past, perinatal data have been studied for birth defects. This study analyzed the surveillance data of birth defects during the perinatal period and the whole of pregnancy, as well as the independent influencing factors, to help to minimize their risk of birth defects.Methods: A total of 23,649 fetuses delivered in the hospital from January 2017 to December 2020, were enrolled in this study. There were 485 cases of birth defects, including live births and stillbirths by detailed inclusion and exclusion criteria. Maternal and neonatal clinical data were collated to analyze the influencing factors associated with birth defects. Pregnancy complications and comorbidities were diagnosed according to the criteria of the Chinese Medical Association. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between independent variables and birth defect events. Results:The incidence of birth defects during the whole of pregnancy was 175.46/10,000, while the incidence of perinatal birth defects was 96.22/10,000. The birth defect group had significantly higher maternal age, gravidity, parity, rate of preterm birth, cesarean section (CS) rate, scarred uterus, stillborn, and male newborns compared to the control group. Multivariate logistic regression model analysis showed that preterm birth [odds ratio (OR): 1.69, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01 to 2.86], CS (OR: 1.46, 95% CI:1.08 to 1.98), scarred uterus (OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.01 to 2.85), and low birth weight (OR >4 compared to the other two classes) were significantly associated with birth defects during the whole of pregnancy (all P<0.05).The independent influencing factors associated with perinatal birth defects included CS (OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.93), gestational hypertension (OR: 1.70, 95%: 1.04 to 2.78), and low birth weight (OR >3.70 compared to the other two classes). Conclusions:The discovery and monitoring of known influencing factors associated with birth defects, such as, preterm birth, gestational hypertension, low birth weight, should be enhanced. For the controllable influencing factors, obstetrics providers should work with patients to minimize their risk of birth defects.

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“…As documented in early studies, urban women in China have better socioeconomic status and health care services than rural women [ 20 , 31 ], which may cause a higher detection rate of PS in urban areas. The adjusted prevalence of PS in western region was lower than those in eastern or central regions, which could be explained partly by disparities in socioeconomic status and levels of diagnosis [ 25 , 32 ]. The male excess in PS was consistent with previous case studies [ 13 , 33 – 35 ], but the underlying causes are unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and prevalence of pulmonary sequestration in Chinese population, 2010–2019

Gao

et al. 2023

BMC Pulm Med

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Background Pulmonary sequestration (PS) is the second common congenital lung malformation and has been known for over 150 years. However, there is a scarcity of epidemiological studies on it. This study aimed to characterize the epidemiology of pulmonary sequestration in Chinese population in the recent decade by using a nationwide database. Methods Using data from the Chinese Birth Defects Monitoring Network during 2010–2019, the prevalence rates for PS were calculated by birth year, maternal age, residence area, geographical region, and infant sex. Variations in prevalence and changes over time were further examined. Other variables of interest for analysis included the pregnancy outcomes of affected infants, the prenatal diagnosis, and the co-occurring anomalies of PS cases. Results During the study period, we identified an average prevalence rate of 0.31, 0.11, and 0.42 per 10,000 live and still births for the isolated, non-isolated, and overall PS, respectively. An upward trend was observed for each category of PS. The prevalence rates varied significantly by maternal age (< 20 years, 0.34/10,000; 20–24 years, 0.33/10,000; 25–29 years, 0.45/10,000; 30–34 years, 0.46/10,000; ≥ 35 years, 0.36/10,000), residence area (urban vs. rural, 0.51/10,000 vs. 0.30/10,000), geographical region (western, 0.33/10,000; eastern, 0.49/10,000; central, 0.43/10,000), and by infant sex (male vs. female, 0.45/10,000 vs. 0.38/10,000). Non-isolated PS cases were more likely born prematurely than isolated cases (15.29% vs. 7.83%). 40.28% and 33.80% of non-isolated cases were accompanied by additional respiratory, and circulatory system malformations, respectively. Conclusions The study presents for the first time the prevalence of pulmonary sequestration in Chinese population. The rising prevalence and relatively poor perinatal outcome of affected fetuses or newborns indicate the necessity to improve perinatal management of PS.

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Geographical and Socioeconomic Factors Influence the Birth Prevalence of Congenital Heart Disease: A Population-based Cross-sectional Study in Eastern China

Cited by 13 publications

References 20 publications

Prevalence of congenital heart disease according to the echocardiography findings in 8145 neonates, multicenter study in southern Iran

Prevalence of congenital heart disease according to the echocardiography findings in 8145 neonates, multicenter study in southern Iran

Independent factors associated with birth defects during the whole of pregnancy in Shenyang City, China: a case-control study

Epidemiology and prevalence of pulmonary sequestration in Chinese population, 2010–2019

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