Geogenic Pollutants in Groundwater and Their Removal Techniques

Kushawaha, Jyoti; Aithani, Deeksha

doi:10.1002/9781119709732.ch1

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Natural causes such as rock-water interactions while flowing are of specific groundwater quality concerns. Fluoride is one of the most common geogenic pollutants found in groundwater [9]. More than 260 million people are thought to be impacted by elevated fluoride levels in drinking water across the world.…”

Section: Rock-water Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and Hydrogeochemistry of Fluoride in the Context of the Yemen Regime

Al-Amry¹

2022

Fluoride

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Groundwater is a natural resource that is used in a variety of fields, which has an impact on its quality. In many places of the world, fluoride-enriched water has become a major public health concern. It is necessary to investigate the geochemical mechanism of fluoride enrichment in drinking water. In Yemen, groundwater is the only supply of water, and its quality is critical because it determines the groundwater’s usefulness for drinking and other domestic purposes. The primary goal of this chapter is to gain a better understanding of factors that influence high fluoride levels in groundwater and its impacts from selected parts of Yemen. The elevated ion concentrations in groundwater are most likely due to water-rock interaction, according to the regional hydrogeochemical investigation. The main findings of this review indicate that the children in the area who get their drinking water from wells with high fluoride levels are suffering from dental and skeletal fluorosis. The population in the research area is at high risk due to excessive fluoride intake, particularly in the absence of knowledge about quantity of fluoride consumption.

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Section: Rock-water Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and Hydrogeochemistry of Fluoride in the Context of the Yemen Regime

Al-Amry¹

2022

Fluoride

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“…Natural sources of contamination include geothermal systems [10] and geological formations [11], while human activities such as mining, agriculture, and industrial or urban pollution also contribute to groundwater pollution [12]. Geogenic pollutants in groundwater primarily originate from natural geological processes such as the weathering of rocks and minerals, leaching of trace elements from soil and sediment, and interactions between water and geological formations [13]. Examples of geogenic pollutants include heavy metals like arsenic, lead, mercury, and fluoride; salts and ions like chloride, sulfate, and bicarbonate; hydrocarbons such as methane and petroleum compounds; and radionuclides such as radium and uranium, which can naturally occur in geological formations and be dissolved into groundwater [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Groundwater Quality through Hydrochemistry Using Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and Water Quality Index (WQI) in Kızılırmak Delta, Turkey

Arıman,

Soydan-Oksal,

Beden

et al. 2024

Water

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This study aimed to characterize the chemical composition and spatial distribution of groundwater in the Kızılırmak Delta of Turkey and to evaluate the suitability of groundwater in the Kızılırmak Delta for drinking water use through a Water Quality Index (WQI) assessment. Eleven water parameters, including nitrate (NO3−), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), sodium (Na+), chloride (Cl−), potassium (K+), bicarbonate (HCO3−), sulfate (SO42−), hardness (measured as CaCO3), electrical conductivity (EC), and pH were analyzed to determine the water quality of each groundwater sample. The WQI was determined using the weighted arithmetic index method and the method specified by the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME). The spatial distribution of the result for all observation wells was plotted. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was generated utilizing the analytical data from eleven selected samples. As a result of the study, according to the calculated WQI values, the water in most of the wells was not suitable for drinking purposes. The minimum Ca2+ concentration in the study area was 108,817 mg/L, and the maximum was 692,382 mg/L, which showed that the samples in all wells exceeded the WHO limit. The same situation is valid for Mg2+, and the values vary between 100.383 and 5183.026 mg/L. From the spatial distribution of the water quality parameters it has been understood that the eastern part of the region is more suitable than the western part for drinking purposes. The results from correlation analysis showed the strongest positive correlation between Mg2+ and Na+ and Na+ and EC as 0.989. The present study shows that the groundwater of the delta, which has deteriorating water quality, should be treated before it is used for drinking water and protected from contamination hazards.

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