Geochemistry of thermal springs around Lake Abhe, Western Djibouti

Houssein, Bouh; Chandrasekharam, D.; Chandrasekhar, Varun; Jalludin, Mohamed

doi:10.1080/14786451.2013.813027

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…This is a landlocked lake which experiences heavy evaporation, resulting in a high concentration of salts in the lake water [18]. The temperatures of thermal waters here vary from 84 to 98°C [18]. In addition to thermal springs, this area hosts several linear mounds of travertine indicating large presence of CO 2 in the geothermal system.…”

Section: Resource Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Geothermal energy for desalination to secure food security: case study in Djibouti

Chandrasekharam

Lashin

Al-Arifi³

et al. 2019

Energ Sustain Soc

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Background: By the year 2025, nearly 3.5 billion people in the world will have no water, including 900,000 from Djibouti. The economic losses caused by the 2000-2012 drought pushed the country to a state of disaster. This has devastated Djibouti's economy and left millions hungry. This is due to the country's inability to grow food and dependence on the food imports. The 5 US$ million granted by the WB was not able to reduce the hunger and prevent further increase in poverty and social unrest due to want of food and water. This paper provides a solution to create a self-sustainable society that can live above the current poverty line. Methods: The study was carried out based on field investigation and published literature. Desalination cost comparison between fossil fuel-based technology and renewable energy-based technology was carried out based on data from working plants. These data were used to analyse the cost-benefit ratio of fresh water generated from seawater and its use in securing food to the population. Results: By developing the geothermal resources, the country can be lifted above the poverty line. What the country needs, to come out of this crisis, is fresh water supply. The country's geothermal energy resource can generate 900 × 10 6 kWh of electricity. The electricity required to generate 1000 m 3 /day (10 × 10 6 kg/year) of fresh water from the sea is about 11 × 10 6 MWh. The cost of desalinated water through geothermal energy sources is 1.6 US$/m 3 which is far less than the desalinated water generated through any other energy source. Billions of dollars given as aid for poverty alleviation can be utilized to develop geothermal power plants to provide permanent food security to the country. Conclusions: The rural population of Djibouti can improve their socioeconomic status and secure food security and eradicate hunger through geothermal energy source. Local governments also should play an important role in advising the funding institutions to develop geothermal power projects to support agricultural activity and create employment to the rural population and support a sustainable society.

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Section: Resource Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The Awash River, that originates in the southern part of the East African Rift (EAR) valley, discharges into the L. Abhe. This is a landlocked lake which experiences heavy evaporation, resulting in a high concentration of salts in the lake water [18]. The temperatures of thermal waters here vary from 84 to 98°C [18].…”

Section: Resource Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geothermal energy for desalination to secure food security: case study in Djibouti

Chandrasekharam

Lashin

Al-Arifi³

et al. 2019

Energ Sustain Soc

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“…Lake Assal site is in an advance stage of development for power plant installation. Power generation estimates were made for sites L. Abhe, in Djibouti (Houssein et al 2013) and for site Al Lith in Saudi Arabia . All these countries are on the top of the list of high CO 2 emitters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lake Abhe The Lake Abhe geothermal province is represented by several thermal springs and fumaroles with issuing temperatures varying from 88 to 98°C and with typical flow rate of 18 L/s (Chandrasekharam and Chandrasekhar 2010;Houssein et al 2013). High discharge of CO 2 from these thermal springs gave rise to, large number of linearly aligned, travertine mounds discharging, in some cases, steam (Fig.…”

Section: Geothermal Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evolution of geothermal systems around the Red Sea

et al. 2014

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The current thermal regime around the red Sea was initiated by a mantle plume beneath Ethiopia, Eretria, Yemen and SW of Saudi Arabia at about 31 Ma before the present. The evolution of the geothermal systems around the Red Sea is coeval to the initial onset of volcanism over the separated land masses (Eritrea, Ethiopia, Djibouti, Yemen, Saudi Arabia and Egypt at 14 Ma. The entire tectono-magmatic activities around the Red Sea gave rise to several geothermal provinces over the continents surrounding the Red Sea, represented by thermal springs and fumaroles at several locations in Eretria, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Yemen and Saudi Arabia. These countries have the potential to develop these resources, like Ethiopia, to mitigate CO 2 emissions in countries like Saudi Arabia and to enhance the GDP (gross domestic product) of the economically backward countries. The geothermal resources have the potential to make these countries energy independent in future.

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“…Based on extensive field assessment, wells drilled (production and injection) and power produced over the last 6 to 7 years, these authors have concluded that in a volcanic setting like Olkaria, 1 km 2 of flows with high heat flow and geothermal gradient should yield, on a conservative side, about 173 Â 10 6 kWh. Similar analogy has been adopted for the Lake Abhe geothermal fields [22]. In the case of Saudi Arabia, assuming that 10% energy is extractable, the Harrats that occupy about 90,000 km 2 , should be able to generate 200 Â 10 6 kWh of electric power.…”

Section: Energy Demand and Co 2 Emissionmentioning

confidence: 98%