CO2 mitigation strategy through geothermal energy, Saudi Arabia

Chandarasekharam, D.; Lashin, Aref; Nassir, Al Arifi

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2014.05.085

Cited by 32 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Even if half of this amount is generated, it can provide double the amount of fresh water that is being consumed per day by the population of the country. Electricity generated through geothermal systems are cost effective compared to other renewable energy sources and the land requirement for geothermal is the least among other renewables (Chandarasekharam et al, 2014). The Jizan geothermal systems alone will prepare the country to meet the future demand of fresh water in the next decade and save substantial amount of CO 2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This increase is affecting the country's oil output. Till recently the domestic consumption has been 3 million barrels per day (mb/d) (Chandarasekharam et al, 2014) and according to a recent forecast, by the next decade, the domestic demand for the combined fuels i.e. gasoline, diesel, natural gas and fuel oil, may reach greater than 8 mb/d (Segar, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In future, due to growing demand, this facility is being planned to expand by 50%. Therefore, there is considerable pressure on the domestic oil requirement (Chandarasekharam et al, 2014;Segar, 2014). Electricity generation is supported by 286 trillion cubic feet (tcf) of gas reserves, in addition to 600 tcf of combined unconventional and conventional reserves available in the north-western off shore of the Red Sea (Segar, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Geothermal energy resources of Jizan, SW Saudi Arabia

Chandrasekharam

Lashin

Al-Arifi

et al. 2015

Journal of African Earth Sciences

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Geothermal energy resources of Jizan, SW Saudi Arabia

Chandrasekharam

Lashin

Al-Arifi

et al. 2015

Journal of African Earth Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…In order to achieve this, the following models have been used: linear regression, autoregressive integrated moving average, artificial neural networks, genetic algorithms, ant colony optimization, particle swarm optimization, grey model, and long-range energy alternatives planning system [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. In recent years, research of EDS has gradually expanded to impacts on the environment, especially on carbon emissions and climate change [21][22][23][24][25]. EDS has therefore become a comprehensive research topic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The failure of China׳s Energy Development Strategy 2050 and its impact on carbon emissions

Fan

Wang

Sun

2015

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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a b s t r a c tChina is the world's largest energy consumer and emitter of carbon. China's energy development strategy is thus of great significance to the world's energy security and global carbon reduction target. In this study, the implementation of "China's Energy Development Strategy 2050" (EDS2050), which has been in operation since 1985, is investigated. This study analyzes the causes of the failure of EDS2050 and the impacts of that failure on carbon emissions. The results show the following: (1) EDS2050 basically failed in 2010, and the strategic planning values of primary energy consumption and production were underestimated compared with the actual values by 39% and 67%, respectively. (2) Comparing the predicted values of basic parameters in EDS2050 with the actual values, in the production field, the main causes of failure were the underestimation of the economic growth rate and the proportion of non-agricultural industries, while in the living field, the main causes were the underestimation of urbanization and per capita energy consumption in rural areas.Further analyses of various provinces demonstrated that the major factors leading to EDS2050 failure include the economic growth rate, urbanization, population growth, and the growth in car ownership. (3) EDS2050 failure resulted in an increase in carbon emissions in 2010 of 583.50 Â 10 6 tc, and increases of per capita carbon emissions reached 46.49-47.04%; carbon emissions per unit of output demonstrated a reduction, which was as a result of technological progress. Improving energy efficiency, optimizing energy utilization, and promoting national energy conservation should be highly emphasized in China's future sustainable energy development strategy.

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“…The amount of CO 2 emission in Taiwan has increased from 114.7 million metric tons in 1990 to 276.2 million metric tons in 2007, yielding a percentage increase of 140.9% at a rate 3.7 times the global average value, which is second only to that of China, Iran, and Indonesia [18,19]. Presently, the Taiwan government is actively developing various alternative energy sources to implement the CO 2 mitigation strategy [20]. Because Taiwan is located in a subtropical region where adequate long-day sunlight is obtained throughout the year, the development of solar energy policies can reduce the problem of high CO 2 emission.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the effectiveness of community-promoted environmental protection policy by using a Delphi-fuzzy method: A case study on solar power and plain afforestation in Taiwan

Hsueh

2015

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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a b s t r a c tTaiwan is a nation densely concentrated with industrial properties, causing a high level of greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, poor air quality and environmental pollution in Taiwan are severe societal problems. Although Taiwan has formulated severe environmental protection-related penalties, the excessive use of energy and high level of pollution remain a persisting environmental problem in Taiwan. Because communities are collective groups beneficial for the promotion of local policies, several subsidy policies for environmental quality improvement are currently promoted through community development in Taiwan. These policies consider factors such as Taiwan's long-day geographical environment and the increase in idle agricultural land after the process of economic transition. To explore the effectiveness of promoting these policies, this study applied the Delphi method and fuzzy logic theory to establish a quantified effectiveness assessment model. In addition, we determined that communities that encourage the participation of its residents and factors such as proenvironment, solar power, and plain afforestation enhanced the overall environmental protection of the community and reduced the emission of CO 2 . Furthermore, the core problems that hinder the improvement of current policies were identified.

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CO2 mitigation strategy through geothermal energy, Saudi Arabia

Cited by 32 publications

References 49 publications

Geothermal energy resources of Jizan, SW Saudi Arabia

Geothermal energy resources of Jizan, SW Saudi Arabia

The failure of China׳s Energy Development Strategy 2050 and its impact on carbon emissions

Assessing the effectiveness of community-promoted environmental protection policy by using a Delphi-fuzzy method: A case study on solar power and plain afforestation in Taiwan

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