Geochemistry of polymetallic nodules from the Central Indian Ocean Basin

Valsangkar, A.B.; Khadge, N.H.; Desa, J.A.E.

doi:10.1016/0025-3227(92)90026-e

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The diagenetic process are absent on the seamount due to lack of sedimentation. Hence, the nodule formation on the seamount is governed by the hydrogenetic process and thereby facilitates enrichment of Fe and Co phases (Usai et al, 1987, Valsangkar andKhadge, 1989). In the present study, the nodules from FGM area are characteristically rough and granular, and devoid of smooth texture (Table 4).…”

Section: Nodule Size and Surface Texturementioning

confidence: 50%

“…They usually have higher Fe content and thereby indicate their formation on the seamount tops where high Fe maxima exists (Valsangkar and Khadge 1989). The diagenetic process are absent on the seamount due to lack of sedimentation.…”

Section: Nodule Size and Surface Texturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous work on the CIB nodules showed that they vary in size [from micro (75 to 1000 µm; Pattan 1993) to >10 cm (Valsangkar and Khadge 1989)], in shape and surface texture (Valsangkar and Khadge 1989), in the grade and abundance (Sudhakar 1988), and in the accretion rate (1 to 5 mm/Ma; Banakar 1990). The average concentrations of the CIB nodules are found to be quite comparable to those from the Pacific Ocean (Siddiquie et al 1984;Valsangkar and Khadge 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Earlier studies on the CIB nodules sjowted that their formation is controlled by various parameters, such as the sea floor topography (Kodagali 1988), sediment types (Jauhari 1987), surface productivity, bottom currents (Vineesh et al 2009), and source and mechanism of accretion (Valsangkar and Khadge 1989;Valsngkar and Karisiddaiah 1993;Vineesh et al 2009;Mukhopadhyay and Gosh 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Significance of Size in Occurrence, Distribution, Morphological Characteristics, Abundance, and Resource Evaluation of Polymetallic Nodules

Valsangkar

Rebello

2014

Marine Georesources & Geotechnology

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About 13000 different sized nodules from 249 locations covering 75000 km 2 relinquished Pioneer area in the Central Indian Basin (CIB) have been studied by assorting them in groups of 1 cm size intervals. The study shows systematic variation, and inverse relationship of nodule size with the occurrence, distribution, grade, abundance, and Mn/Fe ratios. The study indicates that only 3-4 cm sized nodules in the first generation mine (FGM) site area are resourceful and have highest economical potential. The different sized nodules probably represent their formation under different environmental conditions existed in the CIB.

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Section: Nodule Size and Surface Texturementioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Nodule Size and Surface Texturementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Significance of Size in Occurrence, Distribution, Morphological Characteristics, Abundance, and Resource Evaluation of Polymetallic Nodules

Valsangkar

Rebello

2014

Marine Georesources & Geotechnology

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“…The majority of surface nodules are between 2 to 6 cm in diameter (Banakar et al, 1989;Valsangkar and Khadge, 1989). In the Peru Basin, Pacific Ocean, nearly 50% of buried nodules are > 6 cm and 21% are > 10 cm in diameter and these buried nodules are larger than surface nodules (2.4 cm) (von Stackelberg, 2000).…”

Section: Buried Nodules Size Morphology and Surface Texturementioning

confidence: 99%

Do manganese nodules grow or dissolve after burial? Results from the Central Indian Ocean Basin

Pattan

Parthiban

2007

Journal of Asian Earth Sciences

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Buried nodules from siliceous ooze suggest their formation under hydrogenetic, early digenetic and diagenetic processes whereas those from red clay are of hydrogenetic origin.REE are enriched more than 1.5 times in buried nodules from red clay compared to siliceous ooze. However, the mode of incorporation of REE into buried nodules from both sedimentary environments is by a single authigenic phase consisting of Fe-Ti-P. Shale-normalized REE patterns and Ce anomalies suggest that nodules from siliceous ooze formed under more oxidizing conditions than those from red clay. Nodules buried at depths between 1.5 m to 2.5 m are diagenetic (Mn/Fe ratio 10-15), formed in highly oxic environments (large positive Ce anomalies) and record aeolian dust (high Eu anomalies). Chemical composition, surface texture and morphology of buried nodules are similar to those of surface nodules from the same basin.Furthermore, buried nodule compositions do not exhibit any distinct patterns within the core depth, suggesting that buried nodules neither grow nor dissolve after their burial in the sediment column.

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