Geochemical tracers in submarine groundwater discharge research: practice and challenges from a view of climate changes

Jiang, Shan; Ibánhez, J. Severino P.; Wu, Ying; Zhang, Jing

doi:10.1139/er-2020-0093

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 198 publications

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“…Having established that water level fluctuations leave an imprint in the metabolome over time, we queried whether the metabolome also provides evidence for cross-compartment exchange along the hillslope recharge area (Figure 1). In addition to the metabolome data, we recorded quality parameters like temperature, dissolved oxygen, various solutes and DOC that have been previously used as environmental tracers to explore local aquifer systems (Figures S1 and S2) (Benischke, 2021; Jiang et al, 2021). These parameters fall short in resolution as aggregate parameters like DOC are too general, with only weak spatiotemporal variation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater metabolome responds to recharge in fractured sedimentary strata

Zerfaß

Lehmann

Ueberschaar

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Understanding the sources, structure and fate of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in groundwater is paramount for protection and sustainable use of this vital resource. On its passage through the Critical Zone, DOM is subject to biogeochemical conversions. Therefore, it carries valuable cross-habitat information for monitoring and predicting the stability of groundwater ecosystem services and assessing these ecosystems’ response to fluctuations caused by external impacts such as climatic extremes. Challenges arise from insufficient knowledge on groundwater metabolite composition and dynamics due to a lack of consistent analytical approaches for long-term monitoring. Our study establishes groundwater metabolomics to decipher the complex biogeochemical transport and conversion of DOM. We explore fractured sedimentary bedrock along a hillslope recharge area by a 5-year untargeted metabolomics monitoring of oxic perched and anoxic phreatic groundwater. A summer with extremely high temperatures and low precipitation was included in the monitoring. Water was accessed by a sampling well-transect and regularly collected for liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) investigation. Dimension reduction of the resulting complex data set by principal component analysis revealed that metabolome dissimilarities between distant wells coincide with transient cross-stratal flow indicated by groundwater levels. Time series of the groundwater metabolome data provides detailed insights into subsurface responses to recharge dynamics. We demonstrate that dissimilarity variability between groundwater bodies with contrasting aquifer properties coincides with recharge dynamics. This includes groundwater high- and lowstands as well as recharge and recession phases. Our monitoring approach allows to survey groundwater ecosystems even under extreme conditions. The metabolome was otherwise highly variable lacking seasonal patterns and did not segregate by geographic location of sampling wells, thus ruling out vegetation or (agricultural) land use as primary driving factor. Patterns that emerge from metabolomics monitoring give insight into subsurface ecosystem functioning and water quality evolution, essential for sustainable groundwater use and climate change-adapted management.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater metabolome responds to recharge in fractured sedimentary strata

Zerfaß

Lehmann

Ueberschaar

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Factors such as chemical weathering, 226 Ra precipitation and other air–water-rock interactions strongly affect 222 Rn emanation rates, which in turn affect 222 Rn levels in continental waters (Girault et al 2018 ; Przylibski 2000 , 2011 ). Specific yield, transmissivity, water content, or preferential flow can also drive large spatial gradients in 222 Rn activities in both groundwater and connected surface waters (e.g., Hoehn and Gunten 1989 ; Veeger and Ruderman, 1998 ; Jiang et al 2021 ; Sukanya et al 2021 ). Temporal variations in 222 Rn activities in groundwater at the decadal timescale are associated with tectonic and cosmic drivers (Finkelstein et al 1998 ; Yan et al 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radon prevalence in domestic water in the Ría de Vigo coastal basin (NW Iberian Peninsula)

Ibánhez

Álvarez‐Salgado

Rocha

2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The Ría de Vigo catchment is situated in the largest radon-prone area of the Iberian Peninsula. High local indoor radon (222Rn) levels are the preeminent source of radiation exposure, with negative effects on health. Nevertheless, information on radon levels of natural waters and the potential human exposure risks associated with their domestic use is very sparse. To elucidate the environmental factors increasing human exposure risk to radon during domestic water use, we undertook a survey of local water sources, including springs, rivers, wells, and boreholes, over different temporal scales. Continental waters were highly enriched in 222Rn: activities ranged from 1.2 to 20.2 Bq L−1 in rivers and levels one to two orders of magnitude higher were found in groundwaters (from 8.0 to 2737 Bq L−1; median 121.1 Bq L−1). The geology and hydrogeology of local crystalline aquifers support one order of magnitude higher 222Rn activities in groundwater stored in deeper fractured rock compared to that contained within the highly weathered regolith at the surface. During the mean dry season, 222Rn activities nearly doubled in most sampled waters in comparison to the wet period (from 94.9 during the dry season to 187.3 Bq L−1 during wet period; n = 37). Seasonal water use and recharge cycles and thermal convection are postulated to explain this variation in radon activities. The high 222Rn activities cause the total effective dose of radiation received from domestic use of untreated groundwaters to exceed the recommended 0.1 mSv y−1. Since more than 70% of this dose comes from indoor water degassing and subsequent 222Rn inhalation, preventative health policy in the form of 222Rn remediation and mitigation measures should be implemented prior to pumping untreated groundwater into dwellings, particularly during the dry period.

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“…Coastal permeable sediments, mainly composed by coarse silicate or carbonate particles with a permeability >10 −12 m 2 , cover more than 70% of global coastal areas (Huettel et al, 2014). In this permeable environment, advection is the dominant pathway for the transport and dispersion of solutes in porewater (Jiang et al, 2021a), and feeds a wide range of biogeochemical reactions (Huettel et al, 2014;Mouret et al, 2020). Bioavailable nitrogen (N) has been intensively introduced into terrestrial ecosystems via different anthropogenic activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Nitrate Processing to Bio-labile Dissolved Organic Matter Supply Under Variable Oxygen Conditions in a Sandy Beach Seepage Face

Jiang

Jin

et al. 2021

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Supply of bio-labile dissolved organic matter (DOM) has been assumed to be a key factor for the intensity of nitrate (NO3–) removal in permeable coastal sediments. In the present study, a series of flow through reactor experiments were conducted using glucose as a N-free bio-labile DOM source to permeable sediments from a sandy beach seepage face to identify its effect on benthic NO3– removal. The results revealed a shift from the dominance of NO3– production to removal processes when NO3– input concentration increased from 10 to 80 μM under oxic conditions. Sediment microbiota information suggests that nitrification (e.g., Nitrosomonas and Nitrososphaera) and denitrification (e.g., Marinobacter and Bacillus) were dominant pathways for benthic NO3– production and removal in the studied sediment. Compared with the active response of sediment microbiota to NO3– additions, the supply of glucose (approximately 300 μM final concentration added) did not significantly change the NO3– removal efficiency under aerobic conditions (dissolved oxygen saturation approximately 100%). Similarly, an insignificant increase of NO3– removal rate after glucose amendment of the circulating water was obtained when dissolved oxygen (DO) saturation decreased to approximately 70% in the input solution. When DO at the input solution was decreased to 30% saturation (sub-oxic conditions), the removal rate of NO3– in the group amended with glucose increased, suggesting that glucose stimulated denitrifiers. These results revealed that NO3– removal relied mainly on the anaerobic environment at particle surfaces, with a dependence on the sedimentary organic matter as an electron supplier under bulk aerobic conditions, while the bio-labile DOM was consumed mainly by aerobic respiration instead of stimulating NO3– reduction. However, the respiration triggered by the over-supply of bio-labile DOM reduced the DO in the porewater, likely depressing the activity of aerobic reactions in the permeable sediment. At this point, the benthic microbiota, especially potential denitrifiers, shifted to anaerobic reactions as the key to support nitrogen metabolism. The glucose amendment benefited NO3– reduction at this point, under sub-oxic conditions.

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Geochemical tracers in submarine groundwater discharge research: practice and challenges from a view of climate changes

Cited by 14 publications

References 198 publications

Groundwater metabolome responds to recharge in fractured sedimentary strata

Groundwater metabolome responds to recharge in fractured sedimentary strata

Radon prevalence in domestic water in the Ría de Vigo coastal basin (NW Iberian Peninsula)

Response of Nitrate Processing to Bio-labile Dissolved Organic Matter Supply Under Variable Oxygen Conditions in a Sandy Beach Seepage Face

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