Geochemical studies on Permian manganese deposits in Guichi, eastern China: Implications for their origin and formative environments

Xie, Jiancheng; Sun, Weidong; Du, Jianguo; Xu, Wei; Wu, Libing; Yang, Xiaoyong; Zhou, Taofa

doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2013.04.002

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 74 publications

(96 reference statements)

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“…The Ce/Ce * values of Zunyi manganese deposits ranges from 0.21 to 1.76(average 0.93) display a large Ce/Ce * fluctuations, and the Eu/Eu * values of Zunyi manganese deposits ranges from 0.30 to 1.09 (average 0.62). This is similar to manganese deposits associated with hydrothermal activity in Sardinia, Western Italy (Ce/Ce * =0.35-3.15, average 1.42; Eu/Eu * =0.01-0.67, average 0.26), and close to the hydrothermal deposits from Baby Bare seamount in the Northeast Pacific Ocean (Ce/ Ce * =0.22-2.37, average 1.02; Eu/Eu * =0.48-0.86, average 0.68) (Fitzgerald and Gillis, 2006;Oksuz, 2011;Mongelli et al, 2013;Xie et al, 2013). Furthermore, In the (Ce/Ce * ) vs. (Pr/Pr * ) plot (Bau and Dulski, 1996), the measured compositions of the manganese ores from Zunyi area fall close to or on the modeled curve ( Fig.…”

Section: Sources Of the Rare Earth Elements (Rees)mentioning

confidence: 57%

“…The carbon isotopic compositions present a large difference in manganese ores is probably the result of the mixing of deep carbon source and organic carbon source. This result indicate that the sources of hydrothermal fluids and organic matter have been involved in the REEs enrichment and manganese metallogenesis (Hoefs, 1997;Okita et al, 1988;Yeh, 1999;Lafaye and Weber, 2003;Xie et al, 2013;Chen et al, 2017). The δ 18 O smow average values of all samples is 25.63‰ with maximum and minimum values of 26.07‰ and 21.64‰ respectively, which is partly beyond the area for marine organic matter ( Fig.…”

Section: Sources Of the Rare Earth Elements (Rees)mentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The δ 18 O smow average values of all samples is 25.63‰ with maximum and minimum values of 26.07‰ and 21.64‰ respectively, which is partly beyond the area for marine organic matter ( Fig. 7) and exhibit a tendency to magmatic rocks (Pfeifer et al, 1988;Xie et al, 2013;Chen et al, 2017). The carbon and oxygen isotopic data indicate that a mixed source of hydrothermal fluids and organic matter have been involved in the manganese mineralization and REEs enrichment in Zunyi manganese deposits.…”

Section: Sources Of the Rare Earth Elements (Rees)mentioning

confidence: 88%

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Genesis for Rare Earth Elements Enrichment in the Permian Manganese Deposits in Zunyi, Guizhou Province, SW China

Gao

Yang

et al. 2020

Acta Geologica Sinica (Eng)

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The Zunyi manganese deposits, which formed during the Middle to Late Permian period and are located in northern Guizhou and adjacent areas, are the core area of a series of large‐medium scale manganese enrichment minerogenesis in the southern margin and interior of the Yangtze platform, Southern China. This study reports the universal enrichment of rare earth elements (REEs) in Zunyi manganese deposits and examines the enrichment characteristics, metallogenic environment and genesis of REEs. The manganese ore bodies present stratiform or stratoid in shape, hosted in the silicon–mud–limestones of the Late Permian Maokou Formation. The manganese ores generally present lamellar, massive, banded and brecciated structures, and mainly consist of rhodochrosite, ropperite, tetalite, capillitite, as well as contains paragenetic gangue minerals including pyrite, chalcopyrite, rutile, barite, tuffaceous clay rock, etc. The manganese ores have higher ΣREE contents range from 158 to 1138.9 ppm (average 509.54 ppm). In addition, the ΣREE contents of tuffaceous clay rock in ore beds vary from 1032.2 to 1824.5 ppm (average 1396.42 ppm). The REEs from manganese deposits are characterized by La, Ce, Nd and Y enriched, and existing in the form of independent minerals (e.g., monazite and xenotime), indicating Zunyi manganese deposits enriched in light rare earth elements (LREE). The Ceanom ratios (average –0.13) and lithofacies and paleogeography characteristics indicate that Zunyi manganese deposits were formed in a weak oxidation‐reduction environment. The (La/Yb)ch, Y/Ho, (La/Nd)N, (Dy/Yb)N, Ce/Ce* and Eu/Eu* values of samples from the Zunyi manganese deposits are 5.53–56.92, 18–39, 1.42–3.15, 0.55–2.20, 0.21–1.76 and 0.48–0.86, respectively, indicating a hydrothermal origin for the manganese mineralization and REEs enrichment. The (δ13CV‐PDB (−0.54 to −18.1%) and (δ18OSMOW (21.6 to 26.0%) characteristics of manganese ores reveal a mixed source of magmatic and organic matter. Moreover, the manganese ore, tuffaceous clay rock and Emeishan basalt have extremely similar REE fractionation characteristic, suggesting REEs enrichment and manganese mineralization have been mainly origin from hydrothermal fluids.

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Section: Sources Of the Rare Earth Elements (Rees)mentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Sources Of the Rare Earth Elements (Rees)mentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Sources Of the Rare Earth Elements (Rees)mentioning

confidence: 88%

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Genesis for Rare Earth Elements Enrichment in the Permian Manganese Deposits in Zunyi, Guizhou Province, SW China

Gao

Yang

et al. 2020

Acta Geologica Sinica (Eng)

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“…B). The depositional environment is therefore interpreted as a transition from early basin facies to late continental shelf facies (Tong and Yin, ; Ma et al ., ; Xie et al ., ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Lithofacies and depositional characteristics of gas shales in the western area of the Lower Yangtze, China

Zhang²,

et al. 2014

Geological Journal

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The Lower Yangtze is considered as a potentially productive shale gas area in China, but only limited research has thus far been carried out there. On the basis of a detailed investigation of fourteen outcrops, eight lithofacies in the Hetang Formation (510-541 Ma), the Gaojiabian Formation (430-443.4 Ma), the Gufeng Formation (270-281 Ma) and the Dalong Formation (252-263 Ma) have been identified: silicalite, siliceous noncalcareous mudstone, siliceous shale, carbonaceous shale, calcareous mudstone, silty-shaly interlaminated mudstone, siltstone and limestone. Three types of fossils were also found in the four formations: sponge spicules, radiolarians and graptolites. Moreover, four key outcrops of the fourteen were suitable for more additional detailed analyses and interpretation of their depositional environments and plausible sequence of the stratigraphic system tracts. As a result, the four potential shale gas formations were all divided into third-order sea-level sequences. Every third-order sequence was further divided into four system tracts, corresponding to an early transgressive system tract (ETST), a late transgressive system tract (LTST), an early highstand system tract (EHST) and a late highstand system tract (LHST). On the basis of the interpretation of the lithofacies and depositional environments in the western area of the Lower Yangtze, sediments can be related to hydrothermal and biological processes, terrigenous clastic input and calcium compensation. These processes were interpreted to occur in a sequential order that we divide into three stages. The ETST period was the first stage, in which hydrothermal upwelling from the open ocean produced a siliceous lithological combination. During the second stage corresponding to the LTST + EHST, our results suggest that some biological communities in the stable deep water provided plenty of organic-rich matter. The LHST period was the third stage, in which terrigenous clastic material was deposited close to the land, and some carbonate sediments began appearing near the platform.

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“…The Eh and pH control the manganese valence state and solubility in seawater. Manganese can be oxidized to precipitate (Sun et al ., ; Xie et al ., ), while dissolved manganese can also exist stably in anoxic water in the lower part of a basin and then be oxidized and mineralized after it migrates above the oxic‐anoxic interface (Hein et al ., ; Roy, ), which explains the importance of oxic‐anoxic stratified basins. Some scholars have deemed that manganese precipitates directly as manganese carbonate through biogeochemical effects under strong reducing conditions, especially when there are algae or other microorganisms (Liu et al ., , ; Fan et al ., ; Munteanu et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical Characteristics and Genetic Significance of Datangpo‐Type Manganese Ore Deposits during the Cryogenian Period

Xiao

Yang

et al. 2018

Resource Geology

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The Datangpo‐type manganese ore deposits, which formed during the Nanhuan (Cryogenian) period and are located in northeastern Guizhou and adjacent areas, are one of the most important manganese resources in China, showing good prospecting potential. Many middle‐to‐large deposits, and even super‐large mineral deposits, have been discovered. However, the genesis of manganese ore deposits is still controversial and remains a long‐standing source of debate; there are several viewpoints including biogenesis, hydrothermal sedimentation, gravity flows, cold‐spring carbonates, etc. Geochemical data from several manganese ore deposits show that there are positive correlations between Al2O3 and TiO2, SiO2, K2O, and Na2O, and strong negative correlations between Al2O3 and CaO, MgO, and MnO in black shales and manganese ores. U, Mo, and V show distinct enrichment in black shales and inconspicuous enrichment in Mn ores. Ba and Rb show strong positive correlations with K2O in manganese ores. Cu, Ni, and Zn show clear correlations with total iron in both manganese ores and black shales. ∑REE of manganese ores has a large range with evident positive Ce anomalies and positive Eu anomalies. The Post Archean Australian Shale (PAAS) normalized rare earth element (REE) distribution patterns of manganese ores present pronounced middle rare earth element (MREE) enrichment, producing “hat‐shaped” REE plots. ∑REE of black shales is more variable compared with PAAS, and the PAAS‐normalized REE distribution patterns appear as “flat‐shaped” REE plots, lacking evident anomaly characteristics. δ13C values of carbonate in both manganese ores and the black shales show observable negative excursions. The comprehensive analysis suggests that the black shales formed in a reducing and quiet water column, while the manganese ores formed in oxic muddy seawater, which resulted from periodic transgressions. There was an oxidation–reduction cycle of manganese between the top water body and the bottom water body caused by the transgressions during the early Datangpo, which resulted in the dissolution of manganese. Through the exchange of the euphotic zone water and the bottom water, and episodic inflow of oxygenated water, the manganese in the bottom water was oxidized to Mn‐oxyhydroxides and rapidly buried along with algae. In the early diagenetic stage, Mn‐oxyhydroxides were reduced and dissolved in the anoxic pore water and then transformed into Mn‐carbonates by reacting with HCO3− from the degradation of organic matter or from seawater. In the intervals between transgressions, continuous supplies of terrigenous clastics and the high productive rates of organic matter in the euphotic zone resulted in the deposition of the black shales enriched in organic matter.

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Geochemical studies on Permian manganese deposits in Guichi, eastern China: Implications for their origin and formative environments

Cited by 21 publications

References 74 publications

Genesis for Rare Earth Elements Enrichment in the Permian Manganese Deposits in Zunyi, Guizhou Province, SW China

Genesis for Rare Earth Elements Enrichment in the Permian Manganese Deposits in Zunyi, Guizhou Province, SW China

Lithofacies and depositional characteristics of gas shales in the western area of the Lower Yangtze, China

Geochemical Characteristics and Genetic Significance of Datangpo‐Type Manganese Ore Deposits during the Cryogenian Period

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