Geochemical evaluation of observed changes in volcanic activity during the 2007 eruption at Stromboli (Italy)

Rizzo, Andrea Luca; Grassa, Fausto; Inguaggiato, Salvatore; Liotta, Marcello; Longo, Manfredi; Madonia, Paolo; Brusca, L.; Capasso, Giorgio; Morici, Sabina; Rouwet, Dmitri; Vita, Fabio

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.08.004

Cited by 45 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Considering that both Km3 and HOT stations are located in tectonically active areas rich in submarine volcanoes, the geothermal origins appear to be the most likely. However, we have not found evidence for other chemolithotrophic energy generation mechanisms in the same screening, while CO is considered a rather minor product of geothermal emissions (33,41). More data from other oceanic regions with more stable geologic settings might help prove this hypothesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

CO Dehydrogenase Genes Found in Metagenomic Fosmid Clones from the Deep Mediterranean Sea

Martín-Cuadrado

Ghai

Gonzaga

et al. 2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The use of carbon monoxide (CO) as a biological energy source is widespread in microbes. In recent years, the role of CO oxidation in superficial ocean waters has been shown to be an important energy supplement for heterotrophs (carboxydovores). The key enzyme CO dehydrogenase was found in both isolates and metagenomes from the ocean's photic zone, where CO is continuously generated by organic matter photolysis. We have also found genes that code for both forms I (low affinity) and II (high affinity) in fosmids from a metagenomic library generated from a 3,000-m depth in the Mediterranean Sea. Analysis of other metagenomic databases indicates that similar genes are also found in the mesopelagic and bathypelagic North Pacific and on the surfaces of this and other oceanic locations (in lower proportions and similarities). The frequency with which this gene was found indicates that this energy-generating metabolism would be at least as important in the bathypelagic habitat as it is in the photic zone. Although there are no data about CO concentrations or origins deep in the ocean, it could have a geothermal origin or be associated with anaerobic metabolism of organic matter. The identities of the microbes that carry out these processes were not established, but they seem to be representatives of either Bacteroidetes or Chloroflexi.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

CO Dehydrogenase Genes Found in Metagenomic Fosmid Clones from the Deep Mediterranean Sea

Martín-Cuadrado

Ghai

Gonzaga

et al. 2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…On 27 February 2007, the "normal" Strombolian activity was interrupted by a new effusive phase that lasted several weeks, finishing on 2 April of that year (Rizzo et al 2009). During this effusive period, a paroxysmal event occurred on 15 March at which time the pyroclastic materials ejected reached the village of Stromboli.…”

Section: Stromboli Volcanomentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical evidence of the renewal of volcanic activity inferred from CO2 soil and SO2 plume fluxes: the 2007 Stromboli eruption (Italy)

et al. 2011

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On 27 February 2007, a new eruption occurred on Stromboli which lasted until 2 April. It was characterized by effusive activity on the Sciara del Fuoco and by a paroxysmal event (15 March). This crisis represented an opportunity for us to refine the model that had been developed previously (2002-2003 eruption) and to improve our understanding of the relationship between the magmatic dynamics of the volcano and the geochemical variations in the fluids. In particular, the evaluation of the dynamic equilibrium between the volatiles (CO 2 and SO 2 ) released from the magma and the corresponding fluids discharged from the summit area allowed us to evaluate the level of criticality of the volcanic activity. One of the major accomplishments of this study is a 4-year database of summit soil CO 2 flux on the basis of which we define the thresholds (low-medium-high) for this parameter that are empirically based on the natural volcanological evolution of Stromboli. The SO 2 fluxes of the degassing plume and the CO 2 fluxes emitted from the soil at Pizzo Sopra la Fossa are also presented. It is noteworthy that geochemical signals of volcanic unrest have been clearly identified before, during and after the effusive activity. These signals were found almost simultaneously in the degassing plume (SO 2 flux) and in soil degassing (CO 2 flux) at the summit, although the two degassing processes are shown to be clearly different. The interpretation of the results will be useful for future volcanic surveillance at Stromboli.

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“…The δ 13 C and CO 2 /SO 2 ratios are powerful tracers of magma degassing at Mount Etna volcano, Italy (e.g., Aiuppa et al, 2007Aiuppa et al, , 2010Paonita et al, 2012) and in many other volcanic systems worldwide (e.g., Stromboli, Italy: Capasso et al, 2005;Aiuppa et al, 2009;Rizzo et al, 2009; Turrialba, Costa Rica: Moussallam et al, 2014). While high-frequency measurements of the CO 2 /SO 2 ratio have revealed this to be a powerful tracer for detecting pre-eruptive degassing of ascending magmas (e.g., Aiuppa et al, 2007;Shinohara et al, 2008;Patané et al, 2013), δ 13 C is currently only monitored in fumarolic gases via discrete sampling, and so only provides medium-to long-term clues about the dynamics occurring at depth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time measurements of δ13C, CO2 concentration, and CO2/SO2 in volcanic plume gases at Mount Etna, Italy, over 5 consecutive days

et al. 2015

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Geochemical evaluation of observed changes in volcanic activity during the 2007 eruption at Stromboli (Italy)

Cited by 45 publications

References 19 publications

CO Dehydrogenase Genes Found in Metagenomic Fosmid Clones from the Deep Mediterranean Sea

CO Dehydrogenase Genes Found in Metagenomic Fosmid Clones from the Deep Mediterranean Sea

Geochemical evidence of the renewal of volcanic activity inferred from CO2 soil and SO2 plume fluxes: the 2007 Stromboli eruption (Italy)

Real-time measurements of δ13C, CO2 concentration, and CO2/SO2 in volcanic plume gases at Mount Etna, Italy, over 5 consecutive days

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