Geochemical and Geochronological Characterisation of the Poas Stratovolcano Stratigraphy

Ruiz, P.; Mana, Sara; Gazel, Esteban; Soto, Gerardo J.; Carr, Michael J.; Alvarado, Guillermo E.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-02156-0_2

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Poás (10 °11′26″N 84 °13′56″W) is a stratovolcano in Costa Rica that belongs to the Central Volcanic Range (CVR; Ruíz et al, 2019). It is composed of various volcanic structures, such as the composite cones at its top, Von Frantzius, Botos, and the Main Crater, that represents the spot of the historical activity (Prosser and Carr, 1987;Mora-Amador et al, 2019a).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Rare Earth Elements Variations in a Hyperacid Crater Lake and Their Relations With Changes in Phreatic Activity, Physico-Chemical Parameters, and Chemical Composition: The Case of Poás Volcano (Costa Rica)

et al. 2022

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Decades of geochemical monitoring at active crater lakes worldwide have confirmed that variations in major elements and physico-chemical parameters are useful to detect changes in volcanic activity. However, it is still arduous to identify precursors of single phreatic eruptions. During the unrest phase of 2009–2016, at least 679 phreatic eruptions occurred at the hyperacid and hypersaline crater lake Laguna Caliente of Poás volcano (Costa Rica). In this study, we investigate the temporal variations of Rare Earth Elements (REE) dissolved in Laguna Caliente in order to 1) scrutinize if they can be used as a new geochemical tool to monitor changes of phreatic activity at hyperacid crater lakes and 2) identify the geochemical processes responsible for the variations of REE concentrations in the lake. The total concentration of REE varies from 950 to 2,773 μg kg−1. (La/Pr)N-local rock ratios range from 0.93 to 1.35, and Light REE over Heavy REE (LREE/HREE)N-local rock ratios vary from 0.71 to 0.95. These same parameters vary in relation to significant changes in phreatic activity; in particular, the (La/Pr)N-local rock ratio increases as phreatic activity increases, while that of (LREE/HREE)N-local rock decreases when phreatic activity increases. REE concentrations and their ratios were compared with the variations of major elements and physico-chemical parameters of the lake. Calcium versus (La/Pr)N-local rock and versus (LREE/HREE)N-local rock ratios show different trends compared to the other major elements (Na, K, Mg, Al, Fe, SO4, and Cl). Moreover, a higher loss of Ca (up to 2,835 ppm) in lake water was found with respect to the loss of Al, K, and Na. This loss of Ca is argued to be due to gypsum precipitation, a process corroborated by the mass balance calculation simulating the precipitation of gypsum and the contemporaneous removal of REE from the lake water. The observed relations between REE, changes in phreatic activity, and the parameters commonly used for the monitoring of hyperacid volcanic lakes encourage investigating more on the temporal and cause-effect relationship between REE dynamics and changes in phreatic activity at crater lake-bearing volcanoes.

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Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The maximum age of the deposits that compose Poás volcano is about 600 ka. The lavas have a geochemical composition resulting from a fractional crystallization that generated products ranging from basalts to dacites; andesites and basaltic andesites are the most common products (Ruíz et al, 2010(Ruíz et al, , 2019.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare Earth Elements Variations in a Hyperacid Crater Lake and Their Relations With Changes in Phreatic Activity, Physico-Chemical Parameters, and Chemical Composition: The Case of Poás Volcano (Costa Rica)

et al. 2022

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“…This area mainly comprises the upper basin of the Toro River, which drains toward the Caribbean basin. The limit was defined according to the available geological information (Ruiz et al 2019b) and represents the west sector of the area covered by LiDAR data and high-resolution orthophotos after the Cinchona earthquake in 2009. A small proportion that is not covered by the LiDAR images has been complemented based on data from information of the BID-cadaster program with a resolution of 10 m in the Z axis (Epypsa 2011).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2). These geological formations, their lithology, age, and evolution are described by Alvarado et al (2011) and Ruiz et al (2019b) and have been used in this paper as reference to explore the influence of the lithology and the geological units age, with the susceptibility to present landslides. This effect has been previously described by Ruiz et al (2019a), which associate higher susceptibility to older geological units.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic And Geomorphic Assessment For Coseismic Landslides Zonation In Tropical Volcanic Contexts

Arroyo-Solórzano

Quesada‐Román

Castillo

2022

Preprint

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The Poás volcano is an active volcano of Costa Rica with intense tectonic activity in its flanks. Historically, the volcano has presented strong, surficial earthquakes provoking a large number of landslides with associated casualties and immense economic impacts. One example is the Cinchona earthquake in 2009 (Mw 6.2 and 4.6 km depth). We aim to determine a landslide zonation according to seismic data and a geomorphic assessment in the NW sector of the Poás volcano based on a combination of qualitative methods and morphometric parameters. The results estimated the possible outcome of a 6.8 Mw earthquake. The susceptibility mapping and models showed a positive relationship between this methodology and others previously developed for the area that surrounds the Poás volcano as well as a correspondence with the landslides caused by the Cinchona earthquake in 2009. The final zoning coseismic landslides susceptibility indicated that 52% of the area is prone to landslides. Furthermore, there is a relationship between the areas with high exposure to landslides with conical volcanic geomorphologies, active faulting structural and/or tectonic geomorphological units with slopes greater than 15°. The proposed zoning can be useful in land use planning and by the responsible emergency entities to orientate quick response and reduce the impact of future landslides. Moreover, this method can be applied in active tectonic and volcanic areas worldwide.

show abstract

Seismic and geomorphic assessment for coseismic landslides zonation in tropical volcanic contexts

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Poás volcano is an active volcano of Costa Rica with intense tectonic activity in its flanks. Historically, the volcano has presented strong, surficial earthquakes provoking many landslides with associated casualties and immense economic impacts. One example is the Cinchona earthquake in 2009 (Mw 6.2 and 4.6 km depth). We aim to determine a landslide zonation according to seismic data and a geomorphic assessment in the NW sector of the Poás volcano based on a combination of qualitative methods and morphometric parameters. The results estimate the possible outcome of a 6.8 Mw earthquake. The susceptibility mapping and models showed a positive relationship between this methodology and others previously developed for the area that surrounds the Poás volcano as well as a correspondence with the landslides caused by the Cinchona earthquake in 2009. The final coseismic landslides susceptibility zoning indicated that 52% of the area is prone to landslides. Furthermore, there is a relationship between the areas with high exposure to landslides with conical volcanic geomorphologies, active faulting structural and/or tectonic geomorphological units with slopes greater than 15°. The proposed zoning can be useful for land use planning and by civil protection entities to orientate quick response and reduce the impact of future landslides. Moreover, this method can be applied in active tectonic and volcanic areas worldwide.

show abstract

Geochemical and Geochronological Characterisation of the Poas Stratovolcano Stratigraphy

Cited by 3 publications

References 38 publications

Rare Earth Elements Variations in a Hyperacid Crater Lake and Their Relations With Changes in Phreatic Activity, Physico-Chemical Parameters, and Chemical Composition: The Case of Poás Volcano (Costa Rica)

Rare Earth Elements Variations in a Hyperacid Crater Lake and Their Relations With Changes in Phreatic Activity, Physico-Chemical Parameters, and Chemical Composition: The Case of Poás Volcano (Costa Rica)

Seismic And Geomorphic Assessment For Coseismic Landslides Zonation In Tropical Volcanic Contexts

Seismic and geomorphic assessment for coseismic landslides zonation in tropical volcanic contexts

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