Genotyping and antibiotic resistance patterns of
            <i>Campylobacter fetus</i>
            subsp.
            <i>venerealis</i>
            from cattle farms in India

Ishtifaq, A.; Qureshi, Sabia; Farooq, Shaheen; Kashoo, Zahid Amin; Malik, Md. Zubbair; Alam, Mohammad Rizwan; Wani, S.A.; Bhat, M. Iqbal Jeelani; Hussain, I.; Dar, Rouf Ahmad; Shah, S.M.

doi:10.1111/lam.13378

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, a higher‐level prevalence of C. fetus was also documented in cattle in Brazil (Miranda, 2005 ; Pellegrin et al., 2002 ; Rocha et al., 2009 ). A study conducted in India confirmed a high prevalence of C. fetus positive status as 47·6%, 3·3% and 25% from of vaginal swabs, preputial wash and cervicovaginal mucous samples, respectively collected from cows and bulls (Ishtifaq et al., 2020 ). The reported variations in Campylobacter occurrence in different countries are likely related to diverse farm management practices (de Oliveira et al., 2015 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Investigation of Campylobacter fetus in breeding bulls of private farms in Bangladesh

Hoque

Islam

Saddam

et al. 2022

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Background Bovine genital campylobacteriosis (BGC) is a venereal disease caused by Campylobacter fetus that has a negative impact on animal reproduction. The bull is considered to be a symptomless carrier that spreads the disease agent to breeding cows, causing infertility and sporadic abortion. Aim The study aims to estimate the prevalence, identify risk factors of Campylobacter fetus ( C. fetus ) infection and antimicrobial resistance pattern of the C. fetus isolates. Method A cross‐sectional survey was conducted in Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. Bull smegma samples (single sample from each bull) were collected from 300 bulls from four farms and tested via culture, biochemical identification and finally 16S rRNA and cdtA gene‐based molecular assays (PCR) for herd and animal‐level prevalence estimation. Herd‐ and animal‐level data on risk factors were collected from the farmers using a pretested questionnaire and analysed by univariable and multivariable logistic regression models with a p value of <0.05 was taken statistically significant for both analyses. Results Among the surveyed farms, 75% (95% CI: 19.4%–99.4%) were confirmed to have bulls infected with Campylobacter fetus at herd level. However, animal‐level occurrence of C. fetus was estimated to be 8.7% (26/300) (95% CI: 5.7%–12.4%). Natural service increases the odds of campylobacteriosis 38.18 times (95% CI: 13.89–104.94) in comparison to artificial insemination for C . fetus infection in bulls. Significantly, half of the isolates (50%, n = 13) were identified to be multidrug resistant (MDR) for three to five antimicrobial agents. Conclusion This study highlights the need to develop official guidelines for C. fetus control and prevention in Bangladesh including mandatory artificial insemination in reproductive cows and heifers, routine screening of breeding bulls for C. fetus free status.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Investigation of Campylobacter fetus in breeding bulls of private farms in Bangladesh

Hoque

Islam

Saddam

et al. 2022

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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“…19 In the past few years, several reports on the high prevalence of drug-resistant Salmonella, Campylobacter spp., and Staphylococcus aureus in animals, farms, poultry markets, dairy/dairy products, street foods, etc., in India and the Indian subcontinent have been published. 3,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] In addition to hygiene measures and vaccination, the use of phages as an antibiotic substitute to decrease the amount of Salmonella and Campylobacter entering the food chain is gaining traction across the world. A company in India (Proteon Pharmaceuticals) has made a commercially available lineup of three phage cocktails.…”

Section: Poultry Bacterial Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

inPhocus: A Local Perspective on Phage-Based Biocontrol in Agriculture and Aquaculture in India

Kondabagil

Sicheritz-Pontén

Clokie

2020

PHAGE

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“…Moreover, another subspecies of C. fetus , C. fetus subsp. fetus ( Cff ) colonizes the intestinal tract of ruminants and occasionally the preputial cavity, causing sporadic abortion in cattle [ 7 , 12 ]. The correct identification of Cfv and Cff is crucial for the implementation of effective BGC control and eradication programmes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical and molecular characterization of Campylobacter fetus isolates from bulls subjected to bovine genital campylobacteriosis diagnosis in Spain

Pena-Fernández,

Kortabarria,

Hurtado

et al. 2024

BMC Vet Res

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Background Bovine genital campylobacteriosis (BGC) is caused by Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis (Cfv) including its biovar intermedius (Cfvi). This sexually transmitted disease induces early reproductive failure causing considerable economic losses in the cattle industry. Using a collection of well-characterized isolates (n = 13), C. fetus field isolates (n = 64) and saprophytic isolates resembling Campylobacter (n = 75) obtained from smegma samples of breeding bulls, this study evaluated the concordance of the most used phenotypic (H2S production in cysteine medium and 1% glycine tolerance) and molecular (PCR) methods for the diagnosis of BGC and assessed possible cross-reactions in the molecular diagnostic methods. Results Characterization at the subspecies level (fetus vs. venerealis) of C. fetus isolated from bull preputial samples using phenotypic and molecular (PCR targeting nahE and ISCfe1) methods showed moderate concordance (κ = 0.462; CI: 0.256–0.669). No cross-reactions were observed with other saprophytic microaerophilic species or with other Campylobacter species that can be present in preputial samples. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of discrepant isolates showed 100% agreement with PCR identification. For the differentiation of Cfv biovars, comparison of the H2S test (at 72 h and 5 days of incubation) and a PCR targeting the L-cysteine transporter genes showed higher concordance when H2S production was assessed after 5 days (72 h; κ = 0.553, 0.329–0.778 CI vs. 5 days; κ = 0.881, 0.631–1 CI), evidencing the efficacy of a longer incubation time. Conclusions This study confirmed the limitations of biochemical tests to correctly identify C. fetus subspecies and biovars. However, in the case of biovars, when extended incubation times for the H2S test (5 days) were used, phenotypic identification results were significantly improved, although PCR-based methods produced more accurate results. Perfect agreement of WGS with the PCR results and absence of cross-reactions with non-C. fetus saprophytic bacteria from the smegma demonstrated the usefulness of these methods. Nevertheless, the identification of new C. fetus subspecies-specific genes would help to improve BGC diagnosis.

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Genotyping and antibiotic resistance patterns of Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis from cattle farms in India

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Investigation of Campylobacter fetus in breeding bulls of private farms in Bangladesh

Investigation of Campylobacter fetus in breeding bulls of private farms in Bangladesh

inPhocus: A Local Perspective on Phage-Based Biocontrol in Agriculture and Aquaculture in India

Biochemical and molecular characterization of Campylobacter fetus isolates from bulls subjected to bovine genital campylobacteriosis diagnosis in Spain

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