Genotyping &amp; diagnostic methods for hepatitis C virus: A need of low-resource countries

Kumar, Anoop; Rajput, Manoj Kumar; Paliwal, Deepika; Yadav, Aakanksha; Chhabra, Reba; Singh, Surinder

doi:10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1850_16

Cited by 30 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…HCV infection is characterized by its long time progression to cirrhosis-related HCC [20]. Based on the phylogenetic and sequence analyses of HCV genomes, there are seven genotypes of HCV strains and 67 subtypes upon further classification of each genotype [21]. HCV genotype 4 is considered the most predominant HCV genotype in Egypt [22].…”

Section: (B) Hcv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) in Egypt: A comprehensive overview

Rashed

Kandeil

Mahmoud

et al. 2020

J Egypt Natl Canc Inst

192

163

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Background: Worldwide, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a universal problem and its epidemiological data showed variation from place to place. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth and fourth common cancer in worldwide and Egypt, respectively. Egypt ranks the third and 15 th most populous country in Africa and worldwide, respectively. The aim of this review is to compare the status of HCC in Egypt to that in the worldwide from different issues; risk factors, screening and surveillance, diagnosis and treatment, prevention, as well as research strategy. Main body: The risk factors for HCC in Egypt are of great importance to be reported. The risk factor for HCC are either environmental-or host/genetic-related risk factors. In the last years, there is a tangible improvement of both screening and surveillance strategies of HCC in Egypt. The unprecedented national screening campaign launched by the end of 2018 is a mirror image of this improvement. While the improvement of the HCC prevention requires the governmental health administration to implement health policies. Although the diagnosis of Egyptian HCC patients follows the international guidelines but HCC treatment options are limited in terms of cost. In addition, there are limited Egyptian reports about HCC survival and relapse. Both basic and clinical HCC research in Egypt are still limited compared to worldwide. Short conclusion: Deep analysis and understanding of factors affecting HCC burden variation worldwide help in customization of efforts exerted to face HCC in different countries especially large country like Egypt. Overall, the presence of a research strategy to fight HCC in Egyptian patients will help in the optimum allocation of available resources to reduce the numbers of HCC cases and deaths and to improve the quality of life.

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Section: (B) Hcv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) in Egypt: A comprehensive overview

Rashed

Kandeil

Mahmoud

et al. 2020

J Egypt Natl Canc Inst

192

163

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“…Some of these target only the 5'UTR region, while others target the 5'UTR region as well as core or NS5B regions. Targeting multiple regions is reported to increase the sensitivity of accurate genotype and subgenotype identification (15). In our study, we used commercial sets based on one-step, real-time PCR with primers targeting 5'UTR in the first 14 months and 5'UTR and NS5B in the last 6 months.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct-acting Antiviral Therapy for Mixed Genotype Chronic Hepatitis C Infection

Suntur¹,

Ünal²,

Kaya³

et al. 2019

vhd

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Amaç: Miks genotip hepatit C virus (HCV) enfeksiyonlarının direkt etkili antiviral (DEA) ilaçlar ile tedavi sonuçlarına ilişkin çok az literatür verisi bulunmaktadır. Türkiye'de miks HCV enfeksiyonu görülme sıklığı bilinmemektedir. Bu çalışmada, miks genotip ile enfekte kronik hepatit C hasta prevalansının, bu hastalardaki bulaş yoluna ilişkin risk faktörlerinin ve DEA ilaçlar ile tedavi sonuçlarının incelenmesi amaçladı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Yirmi aylık çalışma periyodunda, aynı kan örneğinde iki farklı HCV genotipi saptanan hastalar, aldıkları tedavi protokolleri, tedaviye uyumları ve tedaviye yanıtları, bulaş yoluna ilişkin risk faktörleri açılarından retrospektif olarak incelendi. Bulgular: Çalışma periyodu içinde genotip tayini yapılan 495 hastadan 21'i (%4,2) iki farklı HCV genotipi ile enfekteydi. Bu hastaların 15'inde (%71) damar içi madde kullanımı öyküsü vardı. DEA tedavi alan 11 hastada tedavi sonu HCV-RNA negatif bulundu. Sonuç: Bulgularımıza göre, damar içi madde kullanımı gibi HCV'ye tekrarlayan maruziyet durumlarında iki farklı HCV genotipi ile enfeksiyon olasıdır, miks HCV enfeksiyonu DEA ile başarılı bir şekilde tedavi edilebilir. Ayrıca çalışmamız, bölgemizdeki HCV epidemiyolojisindeki değişime miks genotiplerin de dahil edilmesi açısından dikkat çekici olabilir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Hepatitis C virus, HCV genotip, miks genotip, direkt etkili antiviraller, damar içi madde kullanımı Objectives: Literature data concerning the outcomes of direct acting antiviral (DAA) therapy in mixed genotype hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are very limited, and the incidence of mixed HCV infection in Turkey is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of mixed genotype chronic HCV infection, risk factors related to mode of transmission and outcomes of DAA therapy in these patients. Materials and Methods: Patients with two different HCV genotypes identified in the same blood sample during a 20-month period were analyzed retrospectively in terms of treatment received, adherence and response to treatment and risk factors related to mode of transmission. Results: During the study period, mix genotypes were detected in 21 (4.2%) out of 495 patients with chronic HCV infection. Fifteen patients (71%) had a history of intravenous drug use. Eleven patients who received DAA treatment was HCV-RNA negative at the end of treatment. Conclusion: According to our findings, infection with different HCV genotypes is possible in patients with repeated HCV exposure, such as intravenous drug users, but mixed HCV infection can be successfully treated with DAA therapy. In addition, our study may be noteworthy for also including mixed genotypes in the HCV epidemiological shift in our region.

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“…Besides viral capsid formation, it also interacts with various cellular proteins and pathways that play an essential role in the HCV life cycle (13). Many studies have demonstrated that the highly conserved HCV core protein plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of the disease due to its ability to interact with a wide spectrum of viral and cellular proteins, including protooncogenes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity of Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 3a Based on Complete Core Protein in Peshawar, Pakistan

Mumtaz

Ahmed

Gul

et al. 2020

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) belongs to the genus Hepacivirus and family Flaviviridae and is a leading cause of chronic liver diseases including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of HCV genotype 3a based on complete core protein in Peshawar. Methods: Hepatitis C virus genotype 3a infected patients, belonging to different areas of Peshawar participated in this study. The complete core gene of HCV 3a was amplified and sequenced. The obtained sequences were used for mutational and phylogenetic analysis using CLUSTAL W and MEGA 6 software. Results: Phylogenetic analysis revealed that most of the HCV 3a strains prevalent in Peshawar are genetically closer to HCV 3a strains previously reported from Pakistan and India. Analysis of translated amino acids aligned against reference 3a strain (NZL1) demonstrated substitutions in three functional domains (D1, D2, D3) of the core protein. Core protein mutations R70Q (arginine to glutamine) and L/C91M (leucine/cysteine to methionine) were not found among studied isolates. In sequence PK/59 at position 72, glutamic acid was replaced with aspartic acid. Position 182 was occupied by leucine in place of phenylalanine in all sequences. Alanine and serine amino acids at the positions of 189 and 191 were replaced with threonine and cysteine, respectively. In seven of our isolates (PK/59-PK/68) glutamic acid and serine were found mutated to aspartic acid and cysteine, respectively. Conclusions: HCV core protein, although a conserved region could be considered a phylogenetic marker for the determination of genetic relatedness among circulating viral strains and tracing the outbreak of an infection. Geographical, regional, and genotypic differences are effective in the prevalence of substitutions in HCV core protein.

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Genotyping & diagnostic methods for hepatitis C virus: A need of low-resource countries

Cited by 30 publications

References 91 publications

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) in Egypt: A comprehensive overview

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) in Egypt: A comprehensive overview

Direct-acting Antiviral Therapy for Mixed Genotype Chronic Hepatitis C Infection

Genetic Diversity of Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 3a Based on Complete Core Protein in Peshawar, Pakistan

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