Genotypic Variation in Constitutive and Induced Resistance in Grapes against Spider Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) Herbivores

English-Loeb, Greg; Karban, Richard; Walker, Michael

doi:10.1093/ee/27.2.297

Cited by 28 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…Few previous studies have looked for variation in induced resistance among soybean genotypes, but our results are consistent with work in other systems that demonstrates genotypic variation for induced resistance (Shapiro and DeVay 1987;Anderson et al 1989;Zangerl and Berenbaum 1990;Raffa 1991;Brody and Karban 1992;Bi et al 1994;van Dam and Vrieling 1994;English-Loeb et al 1998). Interpreting differences in induced resistance among genotypes can be complicated.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…There are fewer data on variation in induced resistance, although the timing and strength of induced responses are known to vary both among and within species (Karban and Baldwin 1997). Relatively few studies have examined the range of variation in induced resistance among more than two genotypes within a species (Shapiro and DeVay 1987; Anderson et al 1989;Zangerl and Berenbaum 1990;Raffa 1991;Brody and Karban 1992;Bi et al 1994;van Dam and Vrieling 1994;English-Loeb et al 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Induced resistance to Mexican bean beetles in soybean: variation among genotypes and lack of correlation with constitutive resistance

et al. 2000

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Fourteen genotypes (varieties) of soybean (Glycine max) were screened for levels of induced resistance to Mexican bean beetle (Epilachna varivestis) damage, and a subset of 6 of those varieties was screened for levels of constitutive resistance to Mexican bean beetles. Experiments were carried out in the greenhouse, with damage imposed by Mexican bean beetle larvae, and levels of resistance measured by a choice test bioassay with adult beetles. We found significant variation among soybean genotypes in levels of both induced and constitutive resistance. We found no significant correlation between levels of induced and constitutive resistance measured in the same genotypes. We compare these results to past work on resistance in the soybean-Mexican bean beetle system, consider the implications of variation in both types of resistance for plant-herbivore interactions in agricultural and natural systems, and discuss the relationship between induced and constitutive resistance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induced resistance to Mexican bean beetles in soybean: variation among genotypes and lack of correlation with constitutive resistance

et al. 2000

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“…As hypothesized, the tradeoff between constitutive and induced resistance was significant among wild species but not among cultivated species. Concordantly, most previous studies that did not find a tradeoff between constitutive and induced resistance used genotypes or varieties of cultivated crop species (6,(18)(19)(20)(21). The presence of the tradeoff in wild plant species and its absence in cultivated plant species indicates that evolutionary rather than physiological forces cause the tradeoff in nature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Tradeoffs associated with constitutive and induced plant resistance against herbivory

Kempel

Schädler

Chrobock

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

218

193

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Several prominent hypotheses have been posed to explain the immense variability among plant species in defense against herbivores. A major concept in the evolutionary ecology of plant defenses is that tradeoffs of defense strategies are likely to generate and maintain species diversity. In particular, tradeoffs between constitutive and induced resistance and tradeoffs relating these strategies to growth and competitive ability have been predicted. We performed three independent experiments on 58 plant species from 15 different plant families to address these hypotheses in a phylogenetic framework. Because evolutionary tradeoffs may be altered by human-imposed artificial selection, we used 18 wild plant species and 40 cultivated garden-plant species. Across all 58 plant species, we demonstrate a tradeoff between constitutive and induced resistance, which was robust to accounting for phylogenetic history of the species. Moreover, the tradeoff was driven by wild species and was not evident for cultivated species. In addition, we demonstrate that more competitive species-but not fast growing ones-had lower constitutive but higher induced resistance. Thus, our multispecies experiments indicate that the competition-defense tradeoff holds for constitutive resistance and is complemented by a positive relationship of competitive ability with induced resistance. We conclude that the studied genetically determined tradeoffs are indeed likely to play an important role in shaping the high diversity observed among plant species in resistance against herbivores and in life history traits.comparative experimental study | phylogenetic corrections | plant defense theory | plant-insect interaction | Spodoptera littoralis G iven that green plants are the ultimate source of energy for most other organisms, it is not surprising that plants evolved a variety of resistance strategies, which can be constitutively expressed or induced after damage (1). Although herbivory selects for enhanced plant resistance, plants vary greatly in their resistance, both among species (2) and among genotypes within species (3). This indicates that being well defended may not always be the best strategy-most likely because allocation to resistance may physiologically constrain other investments (reviewed in refs. 4 and 5) and because constraints on resource allocation may produce negative genetic correlations between resistance mechanisms and other life-history traits (6-8). The current assumption in evolutionary ecology is that such tradeoffs contribute to the generation and maintenance of species diversity (8).Several hypotheses on tradeoffs associated with constitutive and induced resistance have been formulated. Among the most fundamental ones is the long-predicted tradeoff between constitutive and induced resistance itself (6, 9). This hypothesis is derived from the idea that resistance is costly and that a species already well defended by high constitutive resistance will benefit only negligibly by further induced resistance (1, 10). However, genera...

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“…Hougen-Eitzman and Karban 1995; Karban et al 1997). Other factors such as differences in the grape varieties planted in each area may also influence the performance and abundance of the two spider mites (English-Loeb et al 1998). Another possible explanation is that E. willamettei completes its overwintering earlier than T. pacificus, although anecdotal evidence suggests that both spider mites become active at around the same time (Karban et al 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of temperature on the reproductive and demographic parameters of two spider mite pests of vineyards and their natural predator

Stavrinides

Mills

2010

BioControl

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We evaluated the influence of temperature on demographic parameters of two common vineyard pests, the Pacific spider mite, Tetranychus pacificus McGregor, and the Willamette spider mite, Eotetranychus willamettei (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae). Additionally, we investigated the effects o f temperature on their shared predator, the western predatory mite, Galendromus occidentalis (Nesbitt) (Acari: Phytoseiidae). The intrinsic rate of increase (r m ) was higher for T. pacificus than E. willamettei at 15 and 28°C, but similar at 22°C. G. occidentalis achieved a higher r m than T. pacificus from 15 to 28°C, but the difference was significant only at 22°C. At 34°C, the r m for both T. pacificus and G. occidentalis was negative, while E. willamettei did not develop at this temperature. Prey species did not affect demographic parameters of G. occidentalis. These results suggest that higher temperatures favor T. pacificus over the less damaging E. willamettei, and may also reduce the effectiveness of G. occidentalis.

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Genotypic Variation in Constitutive and Induced Resistance in Grapes against Spider Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae) Herbivores

Cited by 28 publications

References 20 publications

Induced resistance to Mexican bean beetles in soybean: variation among genotypes and lack of correlation with constitutive resistance

Induced resistance to Mexican bean beetles in soybean: variation among genotypes and lack of correlation with constitutive resistance

Tradeoffs associated with constitutive and induced plant resistance against herbivory

Influence of temperature on the reproductive and demographic parameters of two spider mite pests of vineyards and their natural predator

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