Genotypes and antibiotic resistance of bovineCampylobacterand their contribution to human campylobacteriosis

Abstract

Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are the most important bacterial causes of human gastroenteritis. Chicken has been recognized as a major source for human infection, whereas cattle might also contribute to a lesser extent. However, there is a paucity of information available regarding Campylobacter in Swiss cattle and their role for human campylobacteriosis. To gain more information on genotypes and antibiotic resistance of bovine C. jejuni and C. coli and on their contribution to human disease, 97 cattle isolates were analysed. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and flaB typing were applied and the gyrA and 23S rRNA genes were screened for point mutations responsible for quinolone and macrolide resistance, respectively. A total of 37 sequence types (STs) and 44 flaB types were identified, including two sequence types and five flaB types not previously described. Most common sequence types were ST21 (21%), ST61 (12%) and ST48 (11%). Only one isolate was macrolide resistant while 31% (n = 30) were quinolone resistant. Source attribution indicated chicken as the main source of human infection with cattle being second. In conclusion, cattle should not be underestimated as a potential source of human campylobacteriosis.

Antimicrobial usage and resistance in beef production

“…In a Japanese study of beef cattle, C. jejuni was isolated from 36% of cattle on 88% of the farms surveyed: ~40% of C. jejuni isolates were enrofloxacin- and nalidixic acid-resistant, but none were erythromycin-resistant [143]. In a Swiss study of 97 Campylobacter isolates obtained from a beef processing plant, Jonas et al [144] found that 31% were fluoroquinolone-resistant and ~1% were erythromycin-resistant. Wieczorek et al [145] examined Campylobacter abattoir prevalence on 812 bovine hides and corresponding carcasses, and found Campylobacter on 25.6% of hides, and 2.7% of carcasses.…”

Molecular Detection, Typing, and Quantification of Campylobacter spp. in Foods of Animal Origin

“…This tool is commonly used to determine the STs of Campylobacter isolates as well as genotypes and genetic diversity (Strachan and others ; Stone and others ; Bianchini and others ; Revez and others ; Wei and others ; Vidal and others ) and for typing (Behringer and others ; Abley and others ; Egger and others ; Manfreda and others ; Pan and others ; Vinueza‐Burgos and others ). MLST can be applied to determine macrolide and quinolone resistance based on partial sequences of 23S rRNA and gyr A genes (Jonas and others ). It can also detect the level of genetic diversity of species and predict interspecies transmission, as reported for experiments on pig and poultry farms (Ceuppens and others ), and to determine genetic relatedness between C. jejuni and C. coli isolates from retail meat sources (Noormohamed and Fakhr ) and Campylobacter isolates from chicken flocks on 2 farms (Zhang and others ).…”

Antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Campylobacter spp. isolated from different animal species in Minas Gerais

“…Administration of quinolones, especially its subtherapeutic use in food animals, has been implicated as the force behind increase in resistance to quinolones in Campylobacter spp. isolates from humans and animals (JUNTUNEN et al, 2011;GARCIA-MIGURA et al, 2014;USUI et al, 2014). In Brazil, fluoroquinolones were used as growth-promoter, although this not allowed anymore, which could explain the great incidence of nalidixic acid resistant C. jejuni and C. coli strains observed in the present study (PAMVET-PR, 2005;HOLLENBACH, 2010;SILVA et al, 2013).…”

“…infections because of its low cost and toxicity (AARESTRUP et al, 2008;FITZGERALD et al, 2008). Furthermore, even though cattle are not considered the main sources of human campylobacteriosis, a recent study has demonstrated that their potential as source of infection in humans is underestimated (JONAS et al, 2015).…”

“…has led to an intensification of the discussion over the rational use of antimicrobial agents, especially in veterinary medicine, since their massive use, mainly as feed additives, has been related to the increase of drug resistance in Campylobacter spp. (JUNTUNEN et al, 2011;GARCIA-MIGURA et al, 2014;USUI et al, 2014).…”