Genotype selection for phytochemical content and pharmacological activities in ethanol extracts of fifteen types of Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq. leaves using chemometric analysis

Abstract

Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq. of the Lamiaceae family, called as kumis kucing in Indonesia, is a valuable medicinal plant for their pharmacological properties. The present study comprised of fifteen genotypes of O. aristatus was undertaken to evaluate the genotypes based on phytochemical content and pharmacological activities of leaves ethanol extract. Chemometric analysis (correlation and principal component analysis) was also used to investigate the genetic variability based on phytochemical content and pharmacological activities of O. aristatus genotypes. Results of phytochemical characterization showed that total phenolic ranged from 1.48 to 36.08 (maximum in A15) mg GAE/g DW, total flavonoid ranged from 0.10 to 3.07 (maximum in A15) mg QE/g DW, sinensetin ranged from 0.36 to 4.02 (maximum in A11) mg/g DW, and rosmarinic acid ranged 0.06 to 7.25 (maximum in A7) mg/g DW. Antioxidant activity was tested using DPPH and FRAP assay. Antioxidant results showed that DPPH ranged from 1.68 to 15.55 (maximum in A15) μmol TE/g DW and FRAP ranged from 0.07 to 1.60 (maximum in A1 and A7) μmol TE/g DW. The genotype A8 showed the highest cytotoxic activities against HeLa (66.25%) and MCF-7 (61.79%) cell lines. Maximum α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was recorded in genotype A2 with the value of 62.84%. The genotypes A1, A2, A7, A11, and A15 were identified as superior based on their phytochemicals content and pharmacological activities coupled with chemometric analysis. This finding is important for breeding studies and also the pharmaceutical perspective of O. aristatus.

Identification of Secondary Metabolites from Callus Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq by Thin Layer Chromatography

“…The purple variety has a purple crown color, while the white-purple variety is white-purple. These results were in line with the studies reported Batubara et al, 2020;Faramayuda et al, 2020).…”

Optimization of Total Flavonoid Content from Cardamom Fruits Using a Simplex-Centroid Design, Along with the Evaluation of the Antioxidant Properties

“…The FRAP of the individual extracts was determined using a previously documented method. 25 Here, 100 l of extract was briefly added to the 300 l FRAP reagent in the 96-well microplate (Costar-USA). The FRAP reagent was prepared by mixing 300 mM of pH 3.6 acetate buffer with TPTZ (10 mM, in 40 mmol HCl) and 20 mmol FeCl3 with v/v/v ratio of 10:1:1 and incubated for thirty (30) minutes at 37C.…”

Isolasi Sinensetin dari Kumis Kucing (Orthosiphon aristatus Blume miq.) Varietas Putih

“…Faktor yang berpengaruh pada kadar sinensetin dalam tanaman kumis kucing adalah usia, tingkat kematangan dan lokasi tumbuh. Berdasarkan usia dan tingkat kematangan yang sama, kadar sinensetin beberapa genotype kumis kucing varietas putih lebih tinggi dibandingkan varietas lainnya (Batubara et al, 2020). Penelitian identifikasi dan isolasi senyawa marker sinensetin pada tanaman kumis kucing varietas putih belum banyak dilaporkan.…”