Genotype and Sowing Time Effects on Soybean Yield and Quality

Abstract

The successful production of soybeans is largely dependent on the sowing time, because every sowing outside the optimal time contributes significantly to yield losses. This field study aimed to evaluate the effects of sowing time (optimal—April 5; late—April 27) on the quantitative and quality traits of three soybean genotypes (Galina—0 maturity group; Sava—I maturity group; and Rubin—II maturity group) under dryland conditions in Vojvodina Province (Serbia) during 2017 and 2018. The genotype Sava had higher yield in climatic-unfavorable 2017, while Rubin had a higher yield in climatic-favorable 2018. The yields significantly decreased when the soybeans were sown in late April due to reductions in the number of pods per plant, seed weight per plant, and 1000-seed weight. The reduction in yield components was likely due to the accelerated senescence of plants and the negative effect of high temperature and low precipitation during the seed filling stage. Accordingly, the various sowing times and properly chosen genotypes provide a better utilization of soil and water resources. A proper genotype selection and sowing time can contribute to a high yield. At the same time, the protein and oil contents can be altered by the sowing time, especially under water stress during the reproductive stage.

An innovative approach for the assessment of Bulgarian soybean cultivars

“…Soybean seeds and crops do not need to be treated with fungicides, which defines them as more environmentally friendly than other crops. Soybeans are also suitable for organic production, as they are easily included in various organic farming schemes [5][6][7].…”

“…Worldwide research investigations are aimed at increasing the yield and quality of soybean vegetable protein. The published studies concern soybean varieties developed in other countries according to the specific climatic requirements and needs of agriculture [5,11].…”

Effect of Nine Black Soybean ( Glycine max l.) Genotypes in Three Harvesting Time on Yield in Two Seasons

“…The genetic diversity is a key component of any agricultural production system. The material from the diverse geographical origin of the crop species can help to ensure conservation of co-adapted gene complexes [7] and [8]. The application of genetic variation can also be manipulated either for selecting superior genotypes or to be utilized as parents for the development of future cultivars through hybridization.…”

“…Genetic improvements could be accelerated if physiological attributes were used as selection criteria [9]. A soybean with both high yielding and high concentrations of desired seed quality components is an ideal cultivar [8]. The objective of this study is to examine the yield stability of soybean promising lines with across environments in Indonesia.…”

“…To understand the effect of the production environment (wet and dry seasons) and time of harvest on seed International Journal of Food Science and Agriculture quality. Production environment affected seed quality, whereby seeds produced in the wet season had lower quality than those in the dry season, as indicated by lower seed potential longevity (Ki) [18] [19] [8]. The response of six soybean cultivars to the production environment on seed size and crop duration was similar.…”