Genotoxicity of 2,4-D and dicamba revealed by transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants harboring recombination and point mutation markers

Filkowski, Jody; Besplug, Jill; Burke, Paula; Kovalchuk, Igor; Kovalchuk, Olga

doi:10.1016/j.mrgentox.2003.07.008

Cited by 56 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The mechanisms of chromosomal damage due to 2,4-D is poorly understood. Previous reports suggested that 2,4-D affected the frequency of homologous recombination in Arabidopsis, Raphanus sativus L. and Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Filkowski et al 2003;Truta et al 2011). Differences in C-mitosis results may have their connection with inactivation of the mitotic spindle subsequent to an unarranged scattering of the condensed chromosomes (Levan 1938).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Does 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) induce genotoxic effects in tissue cultured Allium roots?

et al. 2016

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2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is a synthetic plant growth regulator that is highly toxic to most broad leaved plants and relatively nontoxic to monocotyledonous plants; is frequently used as weed killer. The study aimed to investigate cytogenetic effects of different concentrations of 2,4-D (0.67, 1.34, 2.01, 2.68, 3.35 and 4.02 mg/L) on Allium cepa bulblets' root tips treated for 24 and 48 h. The results showed six types of structural aberrations: C-mitosis, stickiness, laggards, bridges, fragments and multipolarity that varied numerically compared to control. It significantly affected mitotic index (MI) at 24 and 48 h treatment. In the Allium test, MI increased significantly at three lower concentrations (0.67, 1.34, 2.01 mg/L) after treatment with 2,4-D for 24 h and decreased significantly at higher concentration. Whereas, 2,4-D treatment for 48 h increased MI at all concentrations with significantly decreased MI at the highest concentration. The experiment was extended using comet test that did not reveal significant difference among treatments except for application of 4.02 mg/L 2,4-D for 48 h; where cell damages were verified by comet test. Rest of the concentrations for any duration of time were not damaging and toxic to cells. The results showed, visible mitodepressive action of 4.02 mg/L 2,4-D when treated for 48 h that had tendency to become toxic if the roots had been in touch with 2,4-D for a longer time.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Does 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) induce genotoxic effects in tissue cultured Allium roots?

et al. 2016

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“…Ateeq et al (2002) reported that 2,4-D induced chromosome aberrations (CAs) at statistically significant level in the meristematic mitotic cells of Allium cepa. Filkowski et al (2003) found that 2,4-D and dicamba induced point mutations and double strand breaks in Arabidopsis and single strand breaks in bean root nuclei. Similar results were also reported by Zeljezic and Garaj-Vrhovac (2004), who observed that deberhan A, a commercial formulation of 2,4-D, caused an increase in chromatid and chromosome breaks, number of MNi and number of NBUDs in human PBLs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

In vitro genotoxicity assessment of the synthetic plant growth regulator, 1-naphthaleneacetamide

Kocaman

Güven

2015

Cytotechnology

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1-Naphthaleneacetamide (NAAm) is a synthetic plant growth regulator in the auxin family that is widely used in agriculture to promote the growth of numerous fruits, for root cuttings and as a fruit thinning agent. The potential genotoxic effects of NAAm were investigated in vitro by the chromosome aberrations (CAs), and cytokinesis-block micronucleus assays in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) for the first time. The human PBLs were treated with 20, 40, 80, and 160 lg/mL of NAAm for 24 and 48 h. The results of this study showed that NAAm significantly induced the formation of structural CA and MN for all concentrations (20, 40, 80 and 160 lg/mL) and treatment periods (24 and 48 h) when compared with the negative and the solvent control. In addition, the higher concentrations of NAAm (80 and 160 lg/mL) caused a statistically significant increase in nuclear bud (NBUD) formation for both 24 and 48 h treatment times. With regard to the cell cycle kinetics, at all the tested concentrations, NAAm caused a statistically significant reduction in the mitotic index (MI) only for 48 h treatment period and also in the nuclear division index (NDI) for both 24 and 48 h treatment periods as compared to the control groups. The reductions in the MI and NDI occured in a concentration-dependent manner for both treatment times. In conclusion, the present results indicate that in the tested experimental conditions, NAAm was genotoxic and cytotoxic on human PBLs in vitro.

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“…Several studies in various cell types have shown that atrazine causes DNA damage (Ribas et al, 1995;Clements et al, 1997), whilst other studies do not report damage (Brusick, 1994;IARC, 1999). Moreover, at various concentrations, dicamba has also been reported to cause genetic damage (Perocco et al, 1990;Filkowski et al, 2003;Cenkci et al, 2010). Due to the controversy regarding the genotoxicity of dicamba, atrazine, and their mixture, the genotoxicity of two concentrations of Marvel (commercial mixture) was studied in: 1000-2000 and 2000-4000 ppm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the genotoxic activity of dicamba and atrazine herbicides in several Mexican and South American varieties of sweetcorn (Zea mays L.)

Reynoso

Alvarez

Cruz³

et al. 2015

Genet. Mol. Res.

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Genotoxicity of 2,4-D and dicamba revealed by transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants harboring recombination and point mutation markers

Cited by 56 publications

References 30 publications

Does 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) induce genotoxic effects in tissue cultured Allium roots?

Does 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) induce genotoxic effects in tissue cultured Allium roots?

In vitro genotoxicity assessment of the synthetic plant growth regulator, 1-naphthaleneacetamide

Evaluation of the genotoxic activity of dicamba and atrazine herbicides in several Mexican and South American varieties of sweetcorn (Zea mays L.)

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