Genotoxicity Induced by Ocupational Exposure to Pesticides

Benedetti, Danieli; Silva, Fernanda Rabaioli da; Kvitko, Kátia; Fernandes, SimonePereira; Silva, Juliana da

doi:10.5772/57319

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…Basil et al (2007) in a review of literature on the association of pesticides with cancers, noted that high and long term exposures to pesticides showed association with cancers in humans especially for brain and prostate cancers where the most correlation were recorded. These effects in humans can be due to their ability to impair anti-oxidative defenses by altering redox equilibria (Benedetti et al, 2014) These findings are consistent with the chromosomal abberations expressed as NA observed in the erythrocytes of the fishes even at sub-lethal levels and resounds the impacts of pesticides at sub-cellular levels. The results of the present study however, show that herbicides (Paraquat) offer less mutagenic threats compared to the insecticides investigated.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…The findings from the present study and available literature (Ullah et al, 2016;Ambreen and Javed, 2018;D'Costa et al, 2018) point to the oxidative stress potentials of the pesticides, given that oxidation is a major precursor for DNA damage. It also raises concerns about the mutagenicity of pesticides not just on the fishes but to humans as well for which several investigators have determine the effects of acute and chronic pesticide exposures (Benedetti et al, 2014). The public health concerns of pesticide runoffs in fresh water bodies are associated with comsuption of fishes which have bioaccumulated these pesticides (Yu et al, 2012;Eqani et al, 2013) and their use as a source of domestic water supply (Sankhla et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative assessment of the acute toxicity, haematological and genotoxic effects of ten commonly used pesticides on the African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus Burchell 1822

Amaeze

Komolafe

Salako

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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Freshwater fishes are faced with increasing threats due to intensification of agriculture. This study evaluated the haematological and genotoxic effects of exposure of the African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus to sublethal concentrations of commonly used pesticides in agricultural settings. The evaluated pesticides were abamectin, carbofuran, chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, dichlorvos, dimethoate, fipronil, lambda-cyhalothrin and paraquat. The fishes were initially exposed singly to the pesticides for 96 h periods to determine their LC 50 , followed by exposure to sublethal concentrations (1/100 th 96 h LC 50 ) over a 21 d period. In all cases, a control experiment with catfishes kept in dechlorinated municipal water was monitored simultaneously. The 96 h LC 50 values was found to vary widely from 2.043 μgL -1 (Lambda-cyhalothrin) to 10284.288 μgL -1 (Paraquat). Significant differences (P < 0.05) were observed between mean haematological parameters-WBC, RBC, HGB, HCT, MCH and MCHC in the exposed and control catfishes. More so, micronucleus and nuclear abnormalities occurred at significantly higher proportions in pesticide exposed catfishes. Holistic cradle to grave approach as well as fate analysis is required to mitigate the potential harmful effects of pesticides to fresh water fishes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative assessment of the acute toxicity, haematological and genotoxic effects of ten commonly used pesticides on the African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus Burchell 1822

Amaeze

Komolafe

Salako

et al. 2020

Heliyon

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“…Pesticides are among more than 1000 active ingredients that can be divided into three main classes: insecticide, herbicide, and fungicide. Despite all of the advantages of pesticides, their widespread use has released large amounts of potentially toxic substances into the environment and affected human health [ 1 , 2 ]. Occupational pesticide toxicity involves a large number of people, mainly in developing countries, where a significant percentage of the active population is involved in agriculture and pesticide application in inappropriate conditions, including the usage of restricted compounds and unsuitable spraying equipment [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematological Abnormality, Oxidative Stress, and Genotoxicity Induction in the Greenhouse Pesticide Sprayers; Investigating the Role of NQO1 Gene Polymorphism

Ahmadi

Mandegary

Jamshidzadeh

et al. 2018

Toxics

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The widespread use of pesticides in agriculture represents a threat to the human populations exposed to them. In this cross-sectional study, the hematological and biochemical parameters, plasma cholinesterase (PChE) activity, oxidative stress, genotoxicity, and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) C609T polymorphism were measured in 100 greenhouse workers occupationally exposed to pesticide mixture and 104 normal healthy controls. There was a decrease in erythrocytes (5.45%, p = 0.026) and hemoglobin (3.26%, p = 0.025), and an increase in mean corpuscular hemoglobin (3.54%, p = 0.013) in the exposed workers. Sprayers showed a reduction in PChE (23%) and GSH (50%) levels, and an increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO) (55%), protein carbonyl (145%), Superoxide dismutase activity (61%), and total antioxidant capacity (35%) (p < 0.001 for all parameters but LPO: p = 0.009). Genotoxicity parameters were significantly high in the exposed cases (for all parameters: p < 0.001 but tail length: p = 0.002). There was a significant correlation between oxidative stress and genotoxicity parameters, and also between these biomarkers and PChE activity. The NQO1 C609T polymorphism was not significantly associated with studied biomarkers. The findings indicate that occupational exposure to a mixture of pesticides can induce hematotoxicity, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity in greenhouse workers.

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“…Various reports have comprehensively supported that genotoxicity endpoints such as CAs and DNA damage act as reliable predictors of human cancer risk, and their utility as a biomarker is highly recommended for biomonitoring purposes in populations exposed chronically to genotoxic agents, for example, pesticide. [ 17,18,24–29 ] A high frequency of CAs has been reported in agriculture workers in previously reported studies. [ 14,17,18,30–32 ] This signifies that exposure to pesticides results in an increased genetic damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Assessment of chromosomal aberrations among agricultural workers exposed to pesticides in Punjab, India

Ahluwalia

Kaur

2020

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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Chromosomal aberrations (CAs) are an important tool for assessment of exposure to pesticides. Genotoxic potential of pesticides is a principal risk factor for long‐term health effects. The present study was aimed toward the assessment of CAs among agricultural workers exposed to pesticides and comparison with nonagricultural workers not exposed to pesticides. A total of 296 subjects were enrolled in the study: exposed (n = 148) and nonexposed subjects (n = 148) from Punjab. A significantly high frequency of aberrations was seen in peripheral blood lymphocytes of exposed subjects as compared with nonexposed ones. Most CAs were present as loss (aneuploidy) and were observed significantly in subjects having a history of alcohol consumption. It can be, thus, concluded that agricultural workers exposed to a mixture of pesticides, in addition to being alcoholic, are at a greater risk of genotoxic damage. It is highly recommended that the agricultural workers are educated regarding the potential hazards of occupational exposure to pesticides.

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Genotoxicity Induced by Ocupational Exposure to Pesticides

Cited by 5 publications

References 104 publications

Comparative assessment of the acute toxicity, haematological and genotoxic effects of ten commonly used pesticides on the African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus Burchell 1822

Comparative assessment of the acute toxicity, haematological and genotoxic effects of ten commonly used pesticides on the African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus Burchell 1822

Hematological Abnormality, Oxidative Stress, and Genotoxicity Induction in the Greenhouse Pesticide Sprayers; Investigating the Role of NQO1 Gene Polymorphism

Assessment of chromosomal aberrations among agricultural workers exposed to pesticides in Punjab, India

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