Genotoxic Effects of Chlorpyrifos in Freshwater Fish<i> Cirrhinus mrigala</i> Using Micronucleus Assay

Bhatnagar, Anita; Yadav, Abhay Singh; Cheema, Navneet

doi:10.1155/2016/9276963

Cited by 38 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…El incremento en la frecuencia de MN fue dependiente de la dosis empleada y de la duración del tratamiento. A lo largo del período experimental, la inducción de MN y su frecuencia fueron significativamente mayores en la dosis de 0,08 mg/l en comparación con los tratamientos de 0,02, 0,04 y control 5 .…”

Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

Anormalidades morfológicas nucleares en hematíes del pez Prochilodus linneatus expuesto al clorpirifos

et al. 2019

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Resumen Caramello, C.S.; Cowper, C.F.; Jorge, M.J.; Pérez, J.E.; Jorge, L.C.: Anormalidades morfológicas nucleares en hematíes del pez Prochilodus linneatus expuesto al clorpirifos. Rev. Vet. 30: 2, XX-XX, 2019. Recientemente adquirió importancia el monitoreo de xenobióticos (como pesticidas) en el medio ambiente, debido a la persistencia de la actividad biológica de muchos de ellos. Clorpirifos es un insecticida organofosforado empleado a nivel agrícola y doméstico. Este plaguicida puede alcanzar accidentalmente el ecosistema acuático y la fauna íctica. Al ingerir sustancias contaminadas, los peces desarrollan alteraciones debidas a la bioacumulación, constituyéndose en eficaces indicadores de polución ambiental. El propósito del estudio fue evaluar la genotoxicidad del clorpirifos en P. linneatus (Pisces, Prochilodontidae) a través de la frecuencia de micronúcleos (MN) y de alteraciones de la morfología nuclear (AMN) en eritrocitos de sangre periférica. Los ensayos se realizaron con clorpirifos en su forma pura (Sigma Aldrich). Los peces se dividieron en grupos control (C) y tratados (T1 = 10 μg/l; T2 = 30 μg/l y T3 = 90 μg/l). Se realizaron tres replicas por grupo, con un total de 3 animales por pecera, los cuales permanecieron allí durante 7 días, tras lo cual fueron sacrificados con sobredosis de anestésico. Se extrajo sangre de la vena caudal, realizándose frotis que se colorearon con Giemsa, determinándose el número de MN y AMN luego de la observación de 2000 células por animal. Para el estudio se consideraron las células con sus membranas citoplasmáticas intactas. En ambos grupos, los frotis sanguíneos revelaron la presencia de micronúcleos, así como algunas de las siguientes alteraciones de la morfología nuclear: muesca, lobulación, evaginación, forma de ocho, segmentación y vacuolización nuclear. Los individuos del grupo T3 mostraron variaciones significativas en la frecuencia de MN y AMN respecto a los controles (p<0,05), no así los ejemplares de los tratamientos T1 y T2. Por lo expuesto, surge que el clorpirifos a la dosis de 90 μg/l podría ser nocivo para el medio ambiente. Abstract Caramello, C.S.; Cowper, C.F.; Jorge, M.J.; Pérez, J.E.; Jorge, L.C.: Morphological abnormalities in nucleous of hematies from the fish Prochilodus linneatus exposed to clorpirifos. Rev.

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Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

Anormalidades morfológicas nucleares en hematíes del pez Prochilodus linneatus expuesto al clorpirifos

et al. 2019

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“…Inhibition of brain AChE activity was an early process of sublethal exposure to chlorpyrifos in hybrid catfish (Chawanratet al, 2007). Its acute as well as chronic effects have also been found to disturb the metabolism, physiological as well as genetic parameters in the fresh water fishes C. mrigala and Channa punctatus (Bhatnagar et al, 2016;Nwaniet al, 2010).Overall impairments in fish behavioural responses and morphological deformities under the study periods may be due to inhibition of brain and musculature AChE activity by chlorpyrifos-oxon via biotransformation of sequestered chlorpyrifos in the storage organs. Chlorpyrifos (CPF) inhibits AChE due to the effects of their active oxygen analog chlorpyrifosoxon (CPF-oxon) (Timchalk et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Changes in behavioural and locomotory activities of freshwater fish, Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton) in response to sublethal exposure of Chlorpyrifos

Cheema

Bhatnagar

Yadav

2018

JANS

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The aim of the present study was to analyze the impact of sub-lethal toxicity of chlorpyrifos, one of the largest market selling agrochemical on physiological parameters of teleost fish, Cirrhinus mrigala addressing the possible causative involvement in behavioural and locomotion responses. Primarily, the acute toxicity (96h LC 50 ) test was carried out and the value calculated by probit analysis was found to be 0.44 mg L -1 . Further, onefifth, one-tenth and one-twentieth of 96 h LC 50 were selected as sublethal concentrations for sub acute studies. The experiment was carried out for 21 days and the alternative behaviour was recorded in terms of Air Ingulping (AI), Operculum Beat Frequency (OBF), Surfacing Movement (SM), Vertical Hanging (VH) and Tail Beat Frequency (TBF) on duration day 2, 4, 7, 14 and 21. Significant effect of both the concentrations and duration was observed in fishes treated with selected doses of chlorpyrifos. It was found that AI, OBF, SM, VH, TBF was highest on day 7 at 0.08 mg L -1 concentration of Chlorpyrifos. The findings revealed that there is a need to control the use of chlorpyrifos because of its toxicity. All the fish avoidance tests proved to be an important predictive and sensitive biomarker in aquatic monitoring and pollution management.

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“…Different parameter in tissues (kidney, liver, and gill) of 96 h exposed fish shows a significant change, so they are good indicators of genotoxicity. Several researchers have also identified nuclear bud, fragmented nucleus, vacuolated nucleus, and NAs as an indicator of genotoxicity [35][36][37]. The possible toxicological mechanism for OTC toxicity may be generation of free radicals along with toxic metabolites which are formed during its metabolism, which may interrupt the enzymatic activity, and cause oxidative stress [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Effect of Oxytetracycline on Fish Cyprinus Carpio After Acute Exposure

Sharma¹,

Thakur

Verma

et al. 2019

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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Objective: Cytotoxicity in blood cells and genotoxic alteration in gill, liver, and kidney of Cyprinus carpio acutely (96 h) exposed to 80 mg/L oxytetracycline (OTC) including a control (non-exposed group) were evaluated in the present study. Genotoxic endpoints reflecting different types of genetic damage in cells of the liver, gill, and kidney were also determined by analysis of nuclear and cytoplasmic abnormalities. Methods: C. carpio was divided into two groups, one control and others treated with 80 mg/L OTC. After 96 h, sampling was done and slides were prepared for different tissues as well as for measuring polychromatic erythrocyte (PCE) frequency in blood. Slides were scored for micronucleus, nuclear abnormalities, swollen cells, and vacuolated cytoplasm. Results: The hereby data obtained showed a higher and significant increase in the genotoxic effect in all the tissues tested. Furthermore, gill cells showed the highest genotoxic effect followed by liver and kidney, while PCE frequency increases up to 72 h of exposure, on the other hand, a significant decrease in the value was observed at 96 h of exposure. Conclusion: The present study revealed that OTC has cytotoxic and genotoxic effect on different organs and blood cells of C. carpio at this concentration and suggests gill as sensitive tissue for genotoxic assessment.

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Genotoxic Effects of Chlorpyrifos in Freshwater Fish Cirrhinus mrigala Using Micronucleus Assay

Cited by 38 publications

References 26 publications

Anormalidades morfológicas nucleares en hematíes del pez Prochilodus linneatus expuesto al clorpirifos

Anormalidades morfológicas nucleares en hematíes del pez Prochilodus linneatus expuesto al clorpirifos

Changes in behavioural and locomotory activities of freshwater fish, Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton) in response to sublethal exposure of Chlorpyrifos

Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Effect of Oxytetracycline on Fish Cyprinus Carpio After Acute Exposure

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