Genotoxic effects in a population of nurses handling antineoplastic drugs, and relationship with genetic polymorphisms in DNA repair enzymes

Laffón, Blanca; Teixeira, João Paulo; Silva, S.; Loureiro, Joana; Torres, Joana; Pásaro, Eduardo; Méndez, Josefina; Mayan, Olga

doi:10.1002/ajim.20189

Cited by 56 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…Taking the overall results of our two monitoring studies into consideration, we have observed that: 1) environmental (surface/clothing) contamination levels were found to be similar to those reported for other Italian hospitals 38) , even with a lower number of positive samples; 2) a very low number of urine samples showed detectable concentrations of the marker compound (i.e., cyclophosphamide), a result in agreement with recent findings indicating surface contamination as not necessarily correlating with positive urine samples 38) , probably because of suboptimal sensitivity of the adopted assays to detect lower concentrations of the drugs in urine; 3) an increased extent of primary DNA damage was observed in exposed subjects handling ANPDs, a positive finding in line with the results from several other studies 14,17,19,39,40) and 4) no significant differences were found for MN frequencies when comparing nurses handling ANPDs and controls (CBMN protocol), in line with previously published studies 11−15) , but an adaptive response in human lymphocytes from subjects with occupational exposure to ANPDs (CBMN/Ara-C protocol) was observed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Biological Effect Monitoring in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes from Subjects Occupationally Exposed to Antineoplastic Drugs: Assessment of Micronuclei Frequency

Villarini

Dominici

Fatigoni

et al. 2012

Journal of Occupational Health

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Biological Effect Monitoring in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes from Subjects Occupationally Exposed to Antineoplastic Drugs: Assessment of Micronuclei Frequency: Milena VILLARINI, et al. Department of Medical‐Surgical Specialties and Public Health (Section of Public Health), University of Perugia, Italy— Objectives Antineoplastic drugs (ANPDs) are widely used in the treatment of cancer and some nonneoplastic diseases. However, most if not all of these chemical agents are generally nonselective and, along with tumor cells, normal cells may undergo cytotoxic/genotoxic damage. Italian pharmacists and nurses occupationally exposed to ANPDs during their normal work routines were monitored to evaluate biological effects (i.e., cytogenetic damage) eventually associated with exposure. The subjects were also monitored for primary, oxidative and excision repaired DNA damage as evaluated by comet assay (published data). In the present paper, we present the results obtained with the cytokinesis‐block micronucleus (CBMN) test. Methods The CBMN test in peripheral blood lymphocytes was applied because of its ability to detect both clastogenic and aneugenic effects, and because it has recently been reported that micronuclei (MNs) are predictive of cancer risk in human populations. In this study, the evaluation of MN frequency was carried out using the CBMN test in the absence or in the presence of the DNA repair inhibitor Ara‐C (cytosine arabinoside). Results No significant difference was observed for MN frequency comparing nurses handling ANPDs (exposed subjects) and controls; no correlations were found between job seniority, age, smoking habits and MN rates. Conclusions Concerning the aim of this study to evaluate the genotoxic risk arising from occupational exposure to ANPDs, statistically significant differences in MN rates in the subjects under study could not be determined.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Biological Effect Monitoring in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes from Subjects Occupationally Exposed to Antineoplastic Drugs: Assessment of Micronuclei Frequency

Villarini

Dominici

Fatigoni

et al. 2012

Journal of Occupational Health

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“…In particular this technique was applied to study genotoxic eVects of antineoplastic drugs exposure either in vitro and in vivo on animals (Blasiak et al 2000;Branham et al 2004;Digue et al 1999;Kosmider et al 2005;Poli et al 1999;Vrzoch and Petras 1997). In the last few years this technique has been also used in biomonitoring studies to evaluate DNA damage in workers handling antineoplastics (Deng et al 2005;Kopjar and Garaj-Vrhovac 2001;LaVon et al 2005;Undeger et al 1999). In particular, a study performed on lymphocytes of oncology nurses of some Portuguese hospitals showed an increase of DNA damage (LaVon et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of early DNA damage in healthcare workers handling antineoplastic drugs

Ursini¹,

Cavallo²,

Colombi

et al. 2006

Int Arch Occup Environ Health

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The employment of the sensitive comet assay, which is able to detect early the effects of a recent exposure to genotoxic substances, allowed us to find a slight DNA damage, only on exfoliated buccal cells of day hospital nurses, the group handling the highest amount of drugs during the administration process. This finding suggests that comet assay on exfoliated buccal cells could represent a useful tool to evaluate early and still repairable genotoxic effects of exposure to antineoplastic drug mixtures and then contribute to the improvement of the hospital safety practices.

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“…Furthermore, patients may excrete these drugs and their metabolic by-products in body wastes, exposing personnel who handle such items (80,89). Contamination of workplace surfaces and permeation of gloves to some antineoplastic drugs were reported already in several studies (22,79,80,92 The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) in the USA has compiled several case studies that suggest both acute and long-term health effects associated with antineoplastic drug occupational exposure scenarios. Various studies have associated workplace exposure with health effects such as skin rashes, hair loss, irritation, hypersensitivity, and headaches after reported skin contact (28,(93)(94)(95)(96).…”

Section: Occupational Exposure To Antineoplastic Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forgotten public health impacts of cancer – an overview

Viegas

Ladeira

Veiga

et al. 2017

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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Cancer is one of the diseases of greatest concern in developed countries and much effort has been invested in discovering and developing therapeutics for curing cancer. Despite the improvements in antineoplastic therapeutics in the last decades, cancer is still one of the most harmful diseases worldwide. The global burden of cancer also implies financial costs: these can be direct costs, such as those related to treatment, care, and rehabilitation and indirect, which include the loss of economic output due to missed work (morbidity costs) and premature death (mortality costs). There are also hidden costs such as health insurance premiums and nonmedical expenses that are worth noting. This paper intends to present an overview of the generally forgotten impacts that the increasing number of cancer cases can have on the environment, workers who handle antineoplastic drugs, and health services. The knowledge available of each of the impacts will be addressed and discussed regarding the expected development. Overall, lessons learnt reflect on the impact of cancer through aspects not commonly evidenced in the literature or even considered in socio-economic analysis, in part due to the fact that these are difficult to contemplate in direct and indirect cancer costs already defined. Attention may be drawn to the need of continuous investment in prevention to reduce the negative impact on the environment, and in the health of workers who handle antineoplastic drugs for patients' treatment. KEY WORDS: costs of cancer; global burden; occupational healthGlobally, cancer is a growing public health problem. It is the second cause of death (21 %) after cardiovascular diseases (48 %), followed by respiratory diseases (12 %) in the sector of non-communicable diseases or diseases caused by non-infectious and non-transmissible medical conditions (1). Important resources are mobilised in order to improve research on new therapeutics, and ultimately devise a cure for this particular disease. Despite the increase in the effectiveness and specificity of chemotherapeutic treatments, cancer still remains one of the most harmful diseases (2-4).In 2012, worldwide incidence of cancer rose to an estimated 14 million new cases per year, with an estimated 8.2 million cancer deaths. The most common cancers diagnosed were of lung (1.8 million cases, 13 %), breast (1.7 million, 11.9 %) and colon (1.4 million, 9.7 %) (1

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Genotoxic effects in a population of nurses handling antineoplastic drugs, and relationship with genetic polymorphisms in DNA repair enzymes

Cited by 56 publications

References 65 publications

Biological Effect Monitoring in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes from Subjects Occupationally Exposed to Antineoplastic Drugs: Assessment of Micronuclei Frequency

Biological Effect Monitoring in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes from Subjects Occupationally Exposed to Antineoplastic Drugs: Assessment of Micronuclei Frequency

Evaluation of early DNA damage in healthcare workers handling antineoplastic drugs

Forgotten public health impacts of cancer – an overview

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