Evaluation of early DNA damage in healthcare workers handling antineoplastic drugs

Ursini, Cinzia Lucia; Cavallo, Delia; Colombi, A; Giglio, Margherita; Marinaccio, Alessandro; Iavicoli, Sergio

doi:10.1007/s00420-006-0111-x

Cited by 56 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…2), although the tail moment tended to be larger in the nurses than in the controls. Similarly, Ursini et al 27) failed to find any significant difference in tail moment between healthcare workers and controls. In contrast, Kopjar and Garaj-Vrhovac showed that the tail moments in medical personnel handling antineoplastic drugs differed significantly from those in controls 24) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Assessment of DNA Damage in Japanese Nurses Handling Antineoplastic Drugs by the Comet Assay

Sasaki

Dakeishi

Hoshi

et al. 2008

Journal of Occupational Health

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Assessment of DNA Damage in Japanese Nurses Handling Antineoplastic Drugs by the Comet Assay: Makiko SASAKI, et al. Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Akita University School of Medicine-To clarify genotoxic effects of occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs in Japan, we examined DNA damage, assessed by the comet assay, in 121 female nurses and 46 female clerks working at three hospitals in the northeast of Japan. The comet assay is considered to be a sensitive and rapid method for DNA strand break detection in individual cells, and tail length and tail moment are used as the comet parameters. Concerning the basal characteristics, the 46 control subjects had higher rates of smoking and coffee-drinking habits and lower hemoglobin than the 121 nurses (p<0.05). The logtransformed tail length in the nurses was significantly longer than that in the control subjects after adjusting for possible covariates such as age and smoking habit (p<0.05). Also, the log-transformed tail length was significantly longer, in the 57 nurses who had handled antineoplastic drugs in the last six months, than that in the 46 control subjects (p<0.05); but, no significant difference in tail length or tail moment was seen between the two nurse groups with and without experience of handling hazardous drugs (p>0.05). These results suggest that Japanese nurses who have worked at hospitals using antineoplastic drugs may have a potential risk of DNA damage. To minimize this risk in Japan, use of biological safety cabinet and appropriate protective equipments, in addition to staff education and training, should be implemented in the healthcare environment. (J Occup Health 2008; 50: 7-12)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Assessment of DNA Damage in Japanese Nurses Handling Antineoplastic Drugs by the Comet Assay

Sasaki

Dakeishi

Hoshi

et al. 2008

Journal of Occupational Health

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“…The conclusions of these studies were often contradictory, probably because of uncertainties concerning exposure level 20) or because effective protective measures were differently adopted 21) . In a follow-up study of genotoxic hazards in pharmacists and nurses handling ANPDs carried out four years after a first study, the frequency of MN in the exposed nurses and control subjects was not found to be statistically different after improving working conditions 11) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Effect Monitoring in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes from Subjects Occupationally Exposed to Antineoplastic Drugs: Assessment of Micronuclei Frequency

Villarini

Dominici

Fatigoni

et al. 2012

Journal of Occupational Health

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Biological Effect Monitoring in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes from Subjects Occupationally Exposed to Antineoplastic Drugs: Assessment of Micronuclei Frequency: Milena VILLARINI, et al. Department of Medical‐Surgical Specialties and Public Health (Section of Public Health), University of Perugia, Italy— Objectives Antineoplastic drugs (ANPDs) are widely used in the treatment of cancer and some nonneoplastic diseases. However, most if not all of these chemical agents are generally nonselective and, along with tumor cells, normal cells may undergo cytotoxic/genotoxic damage. Italian pharmacists and nurses occupationally exposed to ANPDs during their normal work routines were monitored to evaluate biological effects (i.e., cytogenetic damage) eventually associated with exposure. The subjects were also monitored for primary, oxidative and excision repaired DNA damage as evaluated by comet assay (published data). In the present paper, we present the results obtained with the cytokinesis‐block micronucleus (CBMN) test. Methods The CBMN test in peripheral blood lymphocytes was applied because of its ability to detect both clastogenic and aneugenic effects, and because it has recently been reported that micronuclei (MNs) are predictive of cancer risk in human populations. In this study, the evaluation of MN frequency was carried out using the CBMN test in the absence or in the presence of the DNA repair inhibitor Ara‐C (cytosine arabinoside). Results No significant difference was observed for MN frequency comparing nurses handling ANPDs (exposed subjects) and controls; no correlations were found between job seniority, age, smoking habits and MN rates. Conclusions Concerning the aim of this study to evaluate the genotoxic risk arising from occupational exposure to ANPDs, statistically significant differences in MN rates in the subjects under study could not be determined.

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“…A group of 76 healthy nonexposed subjects (30 relatives of the airport personnel, 16 relatives of paving workers, and 30 relatives of workers exposed to antineoplastic drugs) were used as controls. Data relative to each worker group and relative controls have been partially published in our previous studies [Cavallo et al, 2005[Cavallo et al, , 2006a[Cavallo et al, , 2006b[Cavallo et al, , 2007bUrsini et al, 2006]. The workers exposed to antineoplastic drugs (mean age 35.17 6 7.4) were employed in a large Italian oncology hospital with (1) a specialized pharmacy where antineoplastic drug mixtures were prepared and (2) a day hospital unit and oncology ward where the mixtures were administered by specially trained nurses.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a rapid, simple, and very sensitive test, which facilitates the evaluation of DNA damage and repair on single cells [Collins, 2004], and is one of the most used methods in biomonitoring studies of the genotoxic effects on blood lymphocytes [Maluf and Erdtmann, 2000;Faust et al, 2004;Cavallo et al, 2002aCavallo et al, , 2002bCavallo et al, , 2005Cavallo et al, , 2006aCavallo et al, , 2006bMoller, 2006, Speit andHartmann, 2006;Ursini et al, 2006]. The comet assay is able to sensitively reveal early, still repairable, moderate DNA damage, and can therefore furnish useful information on early effects induced by occupational exposure to low doses of xenobiotics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the comet assay modified with the use of enzymes, which recognize and cut specifically oxidized DNA bases allows for the evaluation of oxidative DNA damage [Collins et al, 1999;Cavallo and Ursini, 2007a], whereas comet FISH is able to analyze the damage of specific gene sequences by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with fluorescent DNA probes [Rapp et al, 2005;Escobar et al, 2007]. Recently, there has been an increasing application of the comet assay to human epithelial cells such as exfoliated buccal cells or urothelial cells [Fracasso et al, 2004;Cavallo et al, 2006b;Ursini et al, 2006] in biomonitoring studies. These cellular types have the advantage of representing the target organ of inhalable or per-cutaneous chemical mixtures and may be collected in a noninvasive way.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of a suitable DNA damage biomarker for human biomonitoring of exposed workers

Cavallo¹,

Ursini²,

Rondinone³

et al. 2009

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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The objective of this study was to identify a sensitive and noninvasive biomarker of early genotoxic effects, for health risk assessment of workers exposed to mixtures of low doses of xenobiotics. We studied 30 workers exposed to antineoplastic drugs, 57 workers exposed to different mixtures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (41 airport workers and 16 paving workers) and 76 controls. Comet and micronucleus (MN) tests were performed on lymphocytes and exfoliated buccal cells. The MN assay on lymphocytes did not show significant differences between exposed and controls, while the MN assay on exfoliated buccal cells showed higher values in workers exposed to antineoplastics as compared with controls (0.85 vs. 0.48, P = 0.042). The comet assay on lymphocytes showed a higher comet percentage value (18.11 vs. 11.24 in controls, P = 0.001) and mean tail moment (TM) value (21.84 vs. 16.72 in controls, P = 0.003) in individuals exposed to PAHs as compared with controls; no significant differences were found in exposed to antineoplastics. The comet assay on exfoliated buccal cells did not show significant differences between exposed and control groups for comet percentages, whereas the TM value was higher in workers exposed to PAHs (55.1 vs. 32.31 for controls, P < 0.001). These results show that exfoliated buccal cells, obtained by a noninvasive procedure, represent robust target cells to assess the occupational exposure to inhalable mixture of chemicals at low doses. The comet assay seems to be suitable to promptly evaluate the genotoxic effects of PAHs mixtures that also contain volatile substances. The MN test is suitable to evaluate the effects of antineoplastics. Inc.

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Evaluation of early DNA damage in healthcare workers handling antineoplastic drugs

Cited by 56 publications

References 35 publications

Assessment of DNA Damage in Japanese Nurses Handling Antineoplastic Drugs by the Comet Assay

Assessment of DNA Damage in Japanese Nurses Handling Antineoplastic Drugs by the Comet Assay

Biological Effect Monitoring in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes from Subjects Occupationally Exposed to Antineoplastic Drugs: Assessment of Micronuclei Frequency

Evaluation of a suitable DNA damage biomarker for human biomonitoring of exposed workers

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