Genomic variability in Vitis vinifera L. Sangiovese assessed by microsatellite and non-radioactive AFLP test

Abstract

The use of microorganisms for biological purposes has become an effective alternative to control plant pathogens. There are many examples of formulations using bacterial or fungal strains with biocontrol applications. Among them, members of the genus Bacillus are well known antibiotic producers. However, the increased capacity of antibiotic production obtained by direct mutagenesis of wild strains, has seldom been reported in the open literature. This research refers to the mutation of the A47 Bacillus strain, a plant pathogen antagonist, in order to obtain an improved strain with enhanced capacity to synthesize metabolites with antibiotic activity. The mutant strain M40 was obtained using the mutagenic agent acridine orange. The mutant strain showed a higher antagonistic activity than the wild type A47 against the plant pathogen Botritys cinerea (grey mould), Ralstonia solanacearum (bacterial wilt) and Erwinia carotovora var. carotovora (bacterial soft rot). The final objective was to isolate the antibiotic metabolite produced by the M40 strain and to determine its chemical and antibiotic properties. The results revealed the presence of an extracellular, thermostable and methanol-soluble metabolite that absorbed light at 212nm. These characteristics are similar to those described for cyclic antibiotic lipopeptides such as iturins.

Ampelographic and Molecular Characterisation of Aglianico Accessions (Vitis vinifera L.) Collected in Southern Italy

“…This has resulted in a great genetic variability in germplasm that has often allowed misidentification and cases of homonymy and synonymy (Vignani et al, 2002). Historical evidence and information, combined with morphological data (ampelography), have frequently been used to characterise cultivars and to define relationships between them.…”

“…In grapevine, SSRs (Simple Sequence Repeats) have been employed efficiently for cultivar identification (Bowers et al, 1999;Crespan, 2003;This et al, 2004;Jahnke et al, 2009;Zoghlami et al, 2009) and for clonal discrimination (Regner et al, 2000;Riaz et al, 2002;Bertsch et al, 2003;Crespan, 2003;Gonzàles-Techera et al, 2004;Hocquigny et al, 2004). On the contrary, some other researches have revealed the inability of SSRs to distinguish among grapevine clones Imazio et al, 2002;Vignani et al, 2002;Ibànez et al, 2003). Imazio et al (2002) recommended AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) over the SSR approach when the goal is the definition of identity/diversity among different clones of the same variety, or among genetically closely related cultivars.…”

“…Imazio et al (2002) recommended AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) over the SSR approach when the goal is the definition of identity/diversity among different clones of the same variety, or among genetically closely related cultivars. Positive results in differentiating grapevine clones have been reported using AFLP markers (Vignani et al, 2002;Labra et al, 2004;Blaich et al, 2007;Stenkamp et al, 2009).…”

Genotyping and Phenotyping of the Potential Clones, Biotypes and Variants of Grapevine Cultivar Korinthiaki Staphis (Vitis vinifera L.)

“…In Greece more than 300 grapevine cultivars (Vitis vinifera L.) are grown and classic ampelographic (Krimbas, 1943;Davidis, 1967;Vlachos, 1986;Stavrakakis, 2010), biochemical (Stavrakakis & Loukas, 1983) and molecular methods (Stavrakakis at al., 1997;Stavrakakis & Biniari, 1998;Stavrakaki, 2008) have been used for their discrimination and classification. Among the various polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based DNA marker techniques available, the Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) is often used, because it is ideal when the goal is the definition of identity among different clones of the same variety or among genetically close related cultivars, with positive results in differentiating grapevine cultivars and clones (Vignani et al, 2002;As far as its origin is concerned, the ampelographic characters classify Korinthiaki staphis as well as Korinthiaki lefki to proles pontica, to which most Greek grapevine varieties belong and to sub-proles balcanica (Negrul, 1938(Negrul, , 1946Levadoux, 1956). This point of view is verified by the results of a study using molecular markers (Aradhya et al 2003).…”

Cytogenetic and molecular analysis of an apomictic cassava hybrid and its progeny

“…They can be used to explore the presence of heterozygosity and/or identity (Morgante and Olivieri, 1993). Because of that, microsatellites are one of the most powerful molecular markers to understand detailed patterns of parentage composition and for individual discrimination in clone identification (e.g., Dayanandan et al, 1998;Vignani et al, 2002;Bekkaoui et al, 2003;James et al, 2003;Wyman et al, 2003). Additionally, microsatellite primers may be transferred between closely related species because of the homology of flanking regions of simple sequence repeats.…”