Genomic structure and molecular characterization of growth hormone and its expression response to different feed types in golden pompanoTrachinotus ovatus(Linnaeus, 1758)

Abstract

Growth hormone and feed types all play important roles in the growth of vertebrates. In this study, to investigate molecular characterization of the Trachinotus ovatus growth hormone (ToGH) and its expression in response to the different feed types, we characterized the genomic structure of GH and analysed expression patterns using quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR). ToGH spans approximately 4.0 kb and consists of six exons and five introns, with 606 bp open reading frame (ORF). The 5′‐flanking region contains consensus sequences for three TATA boxes, one pit‐1a, three GRE, two TRE, two HNF‐3 and two ERE. A phylogenetic analysis of Percoidei confirmed that the phylogenetic trees based on the GH gene are reliable at the genera level. The expression of ToGH mRNA was highest in intestine, brain and muscle and lowest in liver, spleen and kidney (p < .05). The dietary experiment demonstrated that the transcription level of ToGH in T. ovatus fed with iced fish was higher than in those fed with iced squid and pelleted feed (p < .05). Fish fed with pelleted feed had higher ToGH expression in their intestine than those fed iced squid (p < .05); however, ToGH expression in fish fed with iced fish did not significantly differ from the other feeding groups. This study would be useful to understanding the potential function of GH gene in out pituitary tissues by diets and providing a certain strategy for feed research.

Fatty Acid Profiles of Triacylglycerols and Phospholipids of Sea‐Cage Cultured Trachinotus blochii: A Comparative Study of Head, Viscera, Skin, Bone, and Muscle

“…Trachinotus blochii (golden pompano), a marine fish belonging to the family Carangidae (Bianchi, Corsini-Foka, Morri, & Zenetos, 2014), mainly inhabits the tropical and subtropical waters of the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean, near countries such as China, Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia (Miao, Qin, Miao, Zhang, & Mai, 2016;Niu et al, 2013). The species has become an economically important cultured marine fish for its simple cultivation method, short growth period, tender meat, delicious taste and rich nutritional profile (Liang et al, 2018b;Tan et al, 2017). The global aquaculture yield of carangid fish exceeded 113,000 tons in 2012, with a value of approximately 458 million US dollars (FAO, 2015) (Wu et al, 2016).…”