Genomic Insights Into Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Tetracycline Degrading Bacterium Arthrobacter Nicotianae OTC-16

Abstract

Although many bacteria have the potential to remove antibiotic residues from environmental niches, the benefits of using antibiotic degrading bacteria to manage antibiotic pollution should be assessed against the risk of the potential expansion of antimicrobial resistance. This study investigated the antibiotic resistance pattern of the bacterium Arthrobacter nicotianae OTC 16, which shows substantial biodegradation of oxytetracycline/tetracycline. The results showed that this strain could be resistant to at least seven categories, 15 antibiotics, based on antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The genome of A. nicotianae OTC 16 contains one chromosome(3,643,989 bp) and two plasmids (plasmid1,123,894 bp and plasmid2, 29,841bp). Of the 3,561 genes isolated, eight were related to antibiotic resistance. During oxytetracycline (OTC) degradation by the strain OTC 16, the expression of ant2ia, sul1, tet33, and cml_e8 in the plasmid, and one gene(tetV) in the chromosome were tracked by real time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(qRT PCR). Only the plasmid derived resistance genes were up regulated under the pressure of OTC. The presence of OTC increased the tolerance of strain OTC 16 to streptomycin sulphate. This work deepens our understanding of the behavioural characteristics of resistance genes and adaptive evolution of resistant drug bacteria under the pressure of antibiotics.

Chryseobacterium subflavum sp. nov., isolated from soil

“…Antibiotics applied to human therapy and livestock agriculture have led to a significant increase in antibiotics in the environment and stimulated the enrichment of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic-resistance genes in soil. Drug-resistance genes have spread further in soil media by means of horizontal gene transfer, which poses a great threat to the ecological environment and human health [15,16]. In this study, we present a novel strain (LAMRS1 T ) that is resistant to gentamicin, ampicillin, clindamycin and erythromycin, and isolated from soil sampled around the treatment pond at a pharmaceutical factory.…”