Genomic Epidemiology of Invasive Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Infections Among Hospitalized Individuals in Ontario, Canada

Guthrie, Jennifer L.; Teatero, Sarah; Hirai, Sotaro; Fortuna, Alexander; Rosen, Daniel H.; Mallo, Gustavo V.; Campbell, Jennifer; Pelude, Linda; Golding, George R.; Simor, Andrew E.; Patel, Samir N.; McGeer, Allison; Fittipaldi, Nahuel

doi:10.1093/infdis/jiaa147

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Contrasting results concerning communityassociated MRSA infections were reported from Ontario, Canada. A significant increase in communityassociated MRSA from 23.6% in 2010 to 43.0% was observed in 2016 [244]. In the same token, in another report from Canada, the proportion of CA-MRSA genotypes increased significantly from 20.8% in 2007 to 56.3% in 2016 while HA-MRSA genotypes decreased from 79.2% to 43.8% throughout the study period [245].…”

Section: Are Mrsa Incidences Increasing or Decreasing?mentioning

confidence: 84%

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and public fomites: a review

Jaradat

Ababneh

Shaaban

et al. 2020

Pathogens and Global Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Staphylococcus genus is a Gram-positive coccus normally associated with skin and mucous membranes of warm-blooded animals. It is part of the commensal human microflora, or found in animals, or contaminating surfaces in the community and hospital settings. Staphylococcus aureus is the most pathogenic species belonging to this genus, as it possesses a collection of virulence factors that are expressed solely to evade the immune system. The increase in the misuse of antimicrobial agents predisposed S. aureus to develop antibiotic resistance, including the resistance to methicillin which led to the emergence of Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus (MRSA). MRSA is considered one of the most dangerous nosocomial pathogens causing many hard to treat infections in hospitals and was named as Hospital Associated MRSA (HA-MRSA). Over the past 20-25 years, MRSA was isolated from community settings and thus Community Associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) has emerged. Inside hospitals, MRSA has been isolated from fomites in contact with patients, as well as staff's protective and personal items. This review highlights the worldwide prevalence of MRSA on fomites within the contexts of hospital and community settings.

show abstract

Section: Are Mrsa Incidences Increasing or Decreasing?mentioning

confidence: 84%

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and public fomites: a review

Jaradat

Ababneh

Shaaban

et al. 2020

Pathogens and Global Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The MRSA infection poses a constant threat in various clinical settings. 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 With the increased incidence of antibiotic resistance and the associated high-risk in pediatric populations, broad-spectrum antibiotics, such as the glycopeptides targeting MRSA, are continuously used in pediatric patients. Therefore, well-summarized PK/PD data for these agents in pediatric patients are highly needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Use and Need for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Teicoplanin in Children: A Systematic Review

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Teicoplanin is a glycopeptide antimicrobial that treats serious invasive infections caused by gram-positive bacteria, such as the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus . Despite some comparable advantages, there is no guideline or clinical recommendation for teicoplanin in the pediatric population, unlike vancomycin where abundant studies and the recently revised guideline on therapeutic drug level monitoring (TDM) exist. Methods The systematic review was performed in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews. Two authors (JSC and SHY) searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases using relevant terms independently. Results Fourteen studies were finally included with a total of 1,380 patients. TDM was available in 2,739 samples collected in the nine studies. Dosing regimens varied widely, and eight studies used recommended dosing regimens. Timing for measuring TDM was mostly 72–96 hours or longer after the initiation of the first dose, which was expected to be a steady-state. The majority of studies had target trough levels of 10 µg/mL or above. Three studies reported that the clinical efficacy and treatment success rate of teicoplanin was 71.4%, 87.5%, and 88%. Adverse events associated with teicoplanin use were described in six studies with a focus on renal and/or hepatic impairment. Except for one study, no significant relation was noted between the incidence of adverse events and trough concentration. Conclusion Current evidence on teicoplanin trough levels in pediatric populations is insufficient due to heterogeneity. However, target trough levels with favorable clinical efficacy are achievable by recommended dosing regimen in the majority of patients.

show abstract

“…For instance, a steady increase of ST5 and ST93 as the predominant CA-MRSA clones have been described in Australia ( Bloomfield et al, 2020 ), and ST59 has been replaced by ST239 in China ( Li et al, 2018 ). Furthermore, a decline of ST5 and an increase in ST8 cases have been observed in the United States of America ( See et al, 2020 ) and Canada ( Guthrie et al, 2020 ). Since MRSA is a significant public health problem, understanding the changes in epidemiology through regular monitoring and surveillance is essential to minimize its healthcare and economic burden.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 6-Year Update on the Diversity of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clones in Africa: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a leading cause of hospital-associated (HA) and community-associated (CA) infections globally. The multi-drug resistant nature of this pathogen and its capacity to cause outbreaks in hospital and community settings highlight the need for effective interventions, including its surveillance for prevention and control. This study provides an update on the clonal distribution of MRSA in Africa.MethodsA systematic review was conducted by screening for eligible English, French, and Arabic articles from November 2014 to December 2020, using six electronic databases (PubMed, EBSCOhost, Web of Science, Scopus, African Journals Online, and Google Scholar). Data were retrieved and analyzed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines (registered at PROSPERO: CRD42021277238). Genotyping data was based primarily on multilocus sequence types (STs) and Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) types. We utilized the Phyloviz algorithm in the cluster analysis and categorization of the MRSA STs into various clonal complexes (CCs).ResultsWe identified 65 studies and 26 publications from 16 of 54 (30%) African countries that provided sufficient genotyping data. MRSA with diverse staphylococcal protein A (spa) and SCCmec types in CC5 and CC8 were reported across the continent. The ST5-IV [2B] and ST8-IV [2B] were dominant clones in Angola and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), respectively. Also, ST88-IV [2B] was widely distributed across the continent, particularly in three Portuguese-speaking countries (Angola, Cape Verde, and São Tomé and Príncipe). The ST80-IV [2B] was described in Algeria and Egypt, while the HA-ST239/ST241-III [3A] was only identified in Egypt, Ghana, Kenya, and South Africa. ST152-MRSA was documented in the DRC, Kenya, Nigeria, and South Africa. Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-positive MRSA was observed in several CCs across the continent. The median prevalence of PVL-positive MRSA was 33% (ranged from 0 to 77%; n = 15).ConclusionWe observed an increase in the distribution of ST1, ST22, and ST152, but a decline of ST239/241 in Africa. Data on MRSA clones in Africa is still limited. There is a need to strengthen genomic surveillance capacity based on a “One-Health” strategy to prevent and control MRSA in Africa.

show abstract

Genomic Epidemiology of Invasive Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections Among Hospitalized Individuals in Ontario, Canada

Cited by 8 publications

References 38 publications

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and public fomites: a review

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and public fomites: a review

Optimal Use and Need for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Teicoplanin in Children: A Systematic Review

A 6-Year Update on the Diversity of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clones in Africa: A Systematic Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About