Genome‐wide identification of pathogenicity genes in <i>Xanthomonas oryzae</i> pv.<i> oryzae</i> by transposon mutagenesis

Wang, J. C.; So, B. H.; Kim, J. H.; Park, Y. J.; Lee, B. M.; Kang, Hee Wan

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3059.2008.01884.x

Cited by 32 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Mutations in pilY1 , pilQ , pilM , pilZ and pilT genes resulted in reduced virulence in X. oryzae pv. oryzicola (Wang, So, Park, Lee & Kang, ). A pilQ mutant expressed reduced twitching motility and biofilm formation (Lim et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flagella and Pili of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines are associated with motility, biofilm formation and virulence on soybean

Athinuwat

Brooks

Burr

et al. 2018

Journal of Phytopathology

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Targeted mutations in flgK, and pilD genes in strain KU‐P‐SW005 of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines, the cause of pustule disease on soybean, led to altered motility phenotypes. The flgK mutants lacked a monopolar flagellum and lost swimming motility, whereas the pilD mutant lacked type IV pili and was unable to move via twitching, a form of surface motility not previously reported for this pathogen. The flgK and pilD mutants were also altered in biofilm production. The flgK and pilD mutants caused reduced disease in susceptible soybean cultivars Spencer when compared to KU‐P‐SW005. Cell counts of the flgK and pilD mutants on plants remained equivalent to KU‐P‐SW005 10 days after inoculation. Complementation of flgK and pilD mutants restored all phenotypes to wild‐type levels. Therefore, flgK and pilD genes that are required for swimming and twitching motility also affected biofilm formation and virulence on soybean.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flagella and Pili of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines are associated with motility, biofilm formation and virulence on soybean

Athinuwat

Brooks

Burr

et al. 2018

Journal of Phytopathology

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confidence: 99%

“…Bacteria, therefore, often secrete cell wall-degrading enzymes, which contribute to bacterial virulence and include, e.g., cellulases, xylanases, polygalacturonases, and amylases (2-6). It is assumed that the degradation of plant cell wall components by bacterial enzymes facilitates the acquisition of nutrients as well as the translocation of virulence factors into the host cell (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14).Bacterial extracellular enzymes are often secreted by a type II secretion (T2S) system, which is a major virulence factor of many Gram-negative plant-pathogenic bacteria, including Ralstonia solanacearum and species of Erwinia and Xanthomonas (8,(15)(16)(17)(18). T2S is a two-step process that often requires the Sec system for protein transport across the inner membrane (IM) (18,19).…”

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Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria Secretes Proteases and Xylanases via the Xps Type II Secretion System and Outer Membrane Vesicles

et al. 2015

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Many plant-pathogenic bacteria utilize type II secretion (T2S) systems to secrete degradative enzymes into the extracellular milieu. T2S substrates presumably mediate the degradation of plant cell wall components during the host-pathogen interaction and thus promote bacterial virulence. Previously, the Xps-T2S system from Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria was shown to contribute to extracellular protease activity and the secretion of a virulence-associated xylanase. The identities and functions of additional T2S substrates from X. campestris pv. vesicatoria, however, are still unknown. In the present study, the analysis of 25 candidate proteins from X. campestris pv. vesicatoria led to the identification of two type II secreted predicted xylanases, a putative protease and a lipase which was previously identified as a virulence factor of X. campestris pv. vesicatoria. Studies with mutant strains revealed that the identified xylanases and the protease contribute to virulence and in planta growth of X. campestris pv. vesicatoria. When analyzed in the related pathogen X. campestris pv. campestris, several T2S substrates from X. campestris pv. vesicatoria were secreted independently of the T2S systems, presumably because of differences in the T2S substrate specificities of the two pathogens. Furthermore, in X. campestris pv. vesicatoria T2S mutants, secretion of T2S substrates was not completely absent, suggesting the contribution of additional transport systems to protein secretion. In line with this hypothesis, T2S substrates were detected in outer membrane vesicles, which were frequently observed for X. campestris pv. vesicatoria. We, therefore, propose that extracellular virulence-associated enzymes from X. campestris pv. vesicatoria are targeted to the Xps-T2S system and to outer membrane vesicles. IMPORTANCEThe virulence of plant-pathogenic bacteria often depends on TS2 systems, which secrete degradative enzymes into the extracellular milieu. T2S substrates are being studied in several plant-pathogenic bacteria, including Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria, which causes bacterial spot disease in tomato and pepper. Here, we show that the T2S system from X. campestris pv. vesicatoria secretes virulence-associated xylanases, a predicted protease, and a lipase. Secretion assays with the related pathogen X. campestris pv. campestris revealed important differences in the T2S substrate specificities of the two pathogens. Furthermore, electron microscopy showed that T2S substrates from X. campestris pv. vesicatoria are targeted to outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). Our results, therefore, suggest that OMVs provide an alternative transport route for type II secreted extracellular enzymes. Many Gram-negative plant-pathogenic bacteria utilize specialized protein secretion systems to deliver virulence factors, including DNA or bacterial effector proteins, into plant cells (1). The efficient trans-kingdom transport of bacterial effector proteins is often hindered by the rigid plant cell wall, which mainly cons...

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“…Disruption of xrvA led to a significant reduction in virulence, a delay in HR elicitation, a decrease in EPS and DSF production and an increase in glycogen accumulation. Recently, screening of a transposon mutant library of a Korean Xoo strain, KACC10331, in rice also showed that Tn5 insertion in the xrvA gene (XOO2744) led to reduced virulence; however, the mutant was not characterized in further detail (Wang et al, 2008). The deduced protein encoded by xrvA possesses an H-NS domain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The xrvA gene of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, encoding an H-NS-like protein, regulates virulence in rice

et al. 2009

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Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) causes bacterial blight disease in rice, one of the most serious rice diseases. The xrvA gene from Xoo strain 13751 encodes a protein containing a histone-like nucleoid-structuring protein (H-NS) domain. The expression of xrvA in strain 13751 was enhanced in XOM2 minimal medium. Mutation of the xrvA gene of strain 13751 led to a significant reduction in virulence in the host plant rice, a delayed hypersensitive response in the nonhost castor-oil plant, a decrease in extracellular polysaccharide and diffusible signal factor production, and an increase in intracellular glycogen accumulation. Northern hybridization analyses revealed that the virulence-associated genes hrpG, hrpX, rpfC, rpfF, rpfG and gumB were downregulated in the xrvA mutant compared to the wild-type and complemented strains. Interestingly, increase of copy number of xrvA in the wild-type strain 13751 resulted in a strain showing similar phenotypes as the xrvA mutant and a reduction of the expression of gumB, hrpX, rpfC, rpfF and rpfG. These findings indicate that the xrvA gene, which is highly conserved in the sequenced strains of Xanthomonas, encodes an important regulatory factor for the virulence of Xoo.

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Genome‐wide identification of pathogenicity genes in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae by transposon mutagenesis

Cited by 32 publications

References 37 publications

Flagella and Pili of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines are associated with motility, biofilm formation and virulence on soybean

Flagella and Pili of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines are associated with motility, biofilm formation and virulence on soybean

Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria Secretes Proteases and Xylanases via the Xps Type II Secretion System and Outer Membrane Vesicles

The xrvA gene of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, encoding an H-NS-like protein, regulates virulence in rice

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