Genome-Wide Identification and Transcriptional Expression Analysis of Annexin Genes in Capsicum annuum and Characterization of CaAnn9 in Salt Tolerance

Abstract

Annexin (Ann) is a polygenic, evolutionarily conserved, calcium-dependent and phospholipid-binding protein family, which plays key roles in plant growth, development, and stress response. However, a comprehensive understanding of CaAnn genes of pepper (Capsicum annuum) at the genome-wide level is limited. Based on the available pepper genomic information, we identified 15 members of the CaAnn gene family. Phylogenetic analysis showed that CaAnn proteins could be categorized into four different orthologous groups. Real time quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that the CaAnn genes were tissue-specific and were widely expressed in pepper leaves after treatments with cold, salt, and drought, as well as exogenously applied MeJA and ABA. In addition, the function of CaAnn9 was further explored using the virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) technique. CaAnn9-silenced pepper seedlings were more sensitive to salt stress, reflected by the degradation of chlorophyll, the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the decrease of antioxidant defense capacity. This study provides important information for further study of the role of pepper CaAnn genes and their coding proteins in growth, development, and environmental responses.

Comprehensive analysis of annexin gene family and its expression in response to branching architecture and salt stress in crape myrtle

“…In addition, exon/intron compositions and distributions of the LiANNs had a strong correlation with phylogenetic tree, and the LiANNs clustered into the same branch shared the similar gene structure (Fig. 4 ), which was consistent with previous studies [ 39 ]. Totals of 0, 0, 3, 9, 9, and 11 orthologous ANN gene pairs were found through collinearity analysis of crape myrtle versus rice, grape, Arabidopsis, eucalyptus, poplar, and willow (Fig.…”

“…In this study, a genome-wide identification with strict standards revealed 9 ANN genes from L. indica and named LiANN1-9 based on the chromosome localization. Previous studies showed that the plant ANN family members were small, and the complexity as well as diversity of ANNs was low [ 39 ]. Here, a total of 39 ANN members were divided into 3 subfamilies (Fig.…”

“…1 ), which was consistent with a previous report on poplar [ 4 ]. However, Arabidopsis, tomato, and rice ANN proteins were classified into five groups [ 39 ], and wheat and Brassicaceae ANNs were divided into six groups [ 3 , 40 ]. In fact, based on the principle of Arabidopsis ANN family grouping, the AtANNs were divided into five groups: AtANN3 group, AtANN4 group, AtANN5 group, AtANN8 group and AtANN1/2/6/7 group.…”

The Evolution, Expression Patterns, and Domestication Selection Analysis of the Annexin Gene Family in the Barley Pan-Genome

“…Plant annexins, comprising a multigene family of calcium-dependent phospholipidbinding proteins, play a vital role in responding to environmental stresses and signaling pathways during the growth and development of plants. The role of annexin genes in plant abiotic stress has been extensively studied in various crops, such as Arabidopsis [37], durum wheat [38], pepper [39], cotton [40], maize [41], and rice [42]. Annexins have been shown to regulate the flow of Ca 2+ in the root epidermis, enhancing tolerance to salt, alkali, and osmotic stress.…”