Genome Sequences of Three Phytopathogenic Species of the Magnaporthaceae Family of Fungi

Okagaki, Laura H.; Nunes, Cristiano C.; Sailsbery, Joshua; Clay, Brent; Brown, Doug; John, T. Buchanan; Oh, Yeonyee; Young, Nelson D.; FitzGerald, Michael G.; Haas, Brian J.; Zeng, Qiandong; Young, Sarah; Adiconis, Xian; Lin, Fan; Levin, Joshua Z.; Mitchell, Thomas K.; Okubara, Patricia A.; Farman, Mark L.; Kohn, Linda M.; Birren, Bruce W.; Li, Jun; Dean, Ralph A.

doi:10.1534/g3.115.020057

Cited by 34 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Multiple alignment analysis ( Supplementary Figure S2 ) [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ] of M. oryzae S6 FAS1 shows homology to FAS1 homologs and other related proteins of the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway of other filamentous Ascomycetes, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae (FAS1, NP_012739.1, 56.7% identity), Kluyveromyces lactis (uncharacterized protein, XP_451653.1, 57.3% identity), Eremothecium gossypii (AER085Cp, NP_984945.2, 56.2% identity), Schizosaccharomyces pombe (fas1, NP_594370.1, 54.8% identity) and Neurospora crassa (FAS1, NCU07307, 78.4% identity) [ 35 ]. The comparison is based on conserved domains present between species.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty Acid Synthase Beta Dehydratase in the Lipid Biosynthesis Pathway Is Required for Conidiogenesis, Pigmentation and Appressorium Formation in Magnaporthe oryzae S6

Sangappillai

Nadarajah

2020

IJMS

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Lipid biosynthesis produces glycerol, which is important in fueling turgor pressure necessary for germination and penetration of plant host by fungi. As the relationship between pathogenicity and the lipid biosynthetic pathway is not fully understood, we have elucidated the role of the fatty acid synthase beta subunit dehydratase (FAS1) gene in lipid biosynthesis. The FAS1 gene was silenced through homologous double crossover in Magnaporthe oryzae strain S6 to study the effect on lipid biosynthesis. The vegetative growth of Δfas1 mutants show the highest drop on oleic acid (between 10 and 50%), while the mycelial dry weight of mutants dropped significantly on all media. Conidiation of FAS1 mutants show a ~10- and ~5-fold reduction on oatmeal and Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA), respectively. Mutants formed mycelium that were mildly pigmented, indicating that the deletion of FAS1 may have affected melanin biosynthesis. Biochemical and gene expression studies concluded that the fatty acid degradation pathway might have been interrupted by FAS1 deletion. FAS1 mutants showed no enzyme activity on glucose or olive oil, suggesting that the mutants may lack functional peroxisomes and be defective in β-oxidation of fatty acids, hence explaining the reduced lipid deposits in the spores.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty Acid Synthase Beta Dehydratase in the Lipid Biosynthesis Pathway Is Required for Conidiogenesis, Pigmentation and Appressorium Formation in Magnaporthe oryzae S6

Sangappillai

Nadarajah

2020

IJMS

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“…The analysis in different isolates of M. oryzae further validated that centromeres in this species comprise of long AT-rich and transcription-poor regions. Using these parameters, we decided to predict the centromeres in the wheat blast isolate B71 (Triticum pathotype of M. oryzae; MoT) as well as in M. poae , a root infecting pathogen that belongs to the Magnaporthaceae family [37]. Wheat blast isolate B71 genome was assembled to a chromosome level and exhibits a few chromosomal rearrangements as compared to the rice blast 70-15 genome assembly [48].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The repeats annotations presented in this study were done based on repeat sequences described in a previous study [37]. BLASTn analysis was carried out using these repeat sequences, results were sorted, and hits with 100% query coverage were extracted.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…M. oryzae includes host-adapted lineages (pathotypes) causing the devastating blast diseases in cereal crops including rice, wheat, barley and millets [34-36]. M. poae is responsible for summer-patch disease in turf grasses [37]. The M. oryzae lineage causes rice blast which remains a constant threat to agriculture-based economies due to significant damage to rice harvests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cellular Dynamics and Genomic Identity of Centromeres in the Cereal Blast Fungus

Yadav

Yang

Reza

et al. 2018

Preprint

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0A series of well-synchronized events mediated by kinetochore-microtubule interactions ensure 2 1 faithful chromosome segregation in eukaryotes. Centromeres scaffold kinetochore assembly and 2 2 3 1 strain of M. oryzae. The centromeres in M. oryzae are regional and span 57 to 109 kb 3 2 transcriptionally poor regions. No centromere-specific DNA sequence motif or repetitive 3 3 elements could be identified in these regions suggesting an epigenetic specification of 3 4 centromere function in M. oryzae. Highly AT-rich and heavily methylated DNA sequences were 3 5

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“…STAR v2.5.2a_modified [17] was used to align the reads to the published genome of Ggt strain (https://fungi.ensembl.org/Gaeumannomyces_graminis/Info/Index). This available reference sequenced genome is from the R3-111a-1 Ggt strain, different from the strains used in our study [15,18]. FeatureCounts v1.6.0 [19] was used to count the number of reads on each annotated Ggt gene, giving the raw counts.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

pH effect on strain-specific transcriptomes of the take-all fungus

Gazengel

Lebreton

Lapalu

et al. 2020

Preprint

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24The soilborne fungus Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (Ggt) causes the take-all disease 25 on wheat roots. Ambient pH has been shown to be critical in different steps of Ggt life cycle 26 such as survival in bulk soil, saprophytic growth, and pathogenicity on plants. There are 27 however intra-specific variations and we previously found two types of Ggt strains that grow 28 preferentially either at acidic pH or at neutral/alkaline pH; gene expression involved in pH-29 signal transduction pathway and pathogenesis was differentially regulated in two strains 30 representative of these types. To go deeper in the description of the genetic pathways and the 31 understanding of this adaptative mechanism, transcriptome sequencing was achieved on two 32 strains (PG6 and PG38) which displayed opposite growth profiles in two pH conditions 33 (acidic and neutral). PG6, growing better at acidic pH, overexpressed in this condition genes 34 related to energy production and protein deubiquitination. In contrast, PG38, which grew 35 better at neutral pH, overexpressed in this condition genes involved in fatty acids metabolism. 36This strain also expressed stress resistance mechanisms at both pH, to assert a convenient 37 growth under various ambient pH conditions. These differences in metabolic pathway 38 expression between strains at different pH might buffer the effect of field or soil variation in 39 wheat fields, and explain the success of the pathogen. 40 41 Keywords : Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, RNA-seq, in vitro assay, stress response, 42 GO-terms, pH depending growth 44 45 The filamentous fungus Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (Ggt) is an ascomycete of 46 large economic importance due to its devastating impact on cereal plants in temperate 47 climates. The take-all disease caused by this fungus affects the roots of the host plants by 48 blocking the conductive tissues and reducing water uptake. Serious infections under favorable 49 conditions can result in decreased yields of up to 40%-60% [1]. 50 Ggt populations are divided into two major genetically different groups (G1 and G2) 51 which are known to coexist at the field scale in pluri-annual wheat monoculture experiments 52[2]. Ratios of G1 to G2 are different due to wheat crop history and disease level. G1 strains 53 are more frequent in the first year of wheat monoculture, whereas G2 strains increase and 54 reach a peak after three to five years corresponding to the maximum of take-all symptoms [3]. 55Furthermore, in vitro plant assays showed that G2 strains are slightly more aggressive than 56 the G1 [4]. 57As most of soilborne pathogenic fungi, Ggt developed strategies to adapt to the ambient 58 environmental factors all along its life cycle: survival in bulk soil, hyphal growth in soil 59 during the saprophytic phase, and infection of host plants during pathogenic phase. This is 60 particularly true concerning the pH factor. Soil pH is a factor influencing the take-all severity, 61 whether modified by nitrogen supply [5] or by microbial comm...

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Genome Sequences of Three Phytopathogenic Species of the Magnaporthaceae Family of Fungi

Cited by 34 publications

References 34 publications

Fatty Acid Synthase Beta Dehydratase in the Lipid Biosynthesis Pathway Is Required for Conidiogenesis, Pigmentation and Appressorium Formation in Magnaporthe oryzae S6

Fatty Acid Synthase Beta Dehydratase in the Lipid Biosynthesis Pathway Is Required for Conidiogenesis, Pigmentation and Appressorium Formation in Magnaporthe oryzae S6

Cellular Dynamics and Genomic Identity of Centromeres in the Cereal Blast Fungus

pH effect on strain-specific transcriptomes of the take-all fungus

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