Genome Sequences of Four Clinical Staphylococcus aureus Strains with Diverse Drug Resistance Profiles Isolated from Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Murali, Thokur Sreepathy; Paul, Babu Sena; Parikh, Hersh; Singh, Rana P.; Shettigar, Kavitha; Bhat, Manoj K.; Satyamoorthy, Kapaettu

doi:10.1128/genomea.00204-14

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Both are haploid (mating type A1 ) and share high genome sequence homology to R. toruloides ATCC 204091 (GenBank No. AEVR02000000) [ 34 , 66 ]. R. toruloides strain Δku70e, a KU70 null mutant with high frequency of homologous recombination [ 47 ], is referred as the wild-type strain in this study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the genome sequences of R. toruloides strain ATCC 10657, IFFO 0880 and ATCC 204091 [ 34 , 66 ] are highly similar, the annotated genome database of R. glutinis ATCC 204091 was used as the reference. FAD genes were identified using tBLASTn at NCBI against the reference genome database using protein sequences of various types of well-characterized FADs as the queries.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding and exploiting the fatty acid desaturation system in Rhodotorula toruloides

Liu

Koh

Yap

et al. 2021

Biotechnol Biofuels

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Background Rhodotorula toruloides is a robust producer of triacylglycerol owing to its fast growth rate and strong metabolic flux under conditions of high cell density fermentation. However, the molecular basis of fatty acid biosynthesis, desaturation and regulation remains elusive. Results We present the molecular characterization of four fatty acid desaturase (FAD) genes in R. toruloides. Biosynthesis of oleic acid (OA) and palmitoleic acid (POA) was conferred by a single-copy ∆9 Fad (Ole1) as targeted deletion of which abolished the biosynthesis of all unsaturated fatty acids. Conversion of OA to linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) was predominantly catalyzed by the bifunctional ∆12/∆15 Fad2. FAD4 was found to encode a trifunctional ∆9/∆12/∆15 FAD, playing important roles in lipid and biomass production as well as stress resistance. Furthermore, an abundantly transcribed OLE1-related gene, OLE2 encoding a 149-aa protein, was shown to regulate Ole1 regioselectivity. Like other fungi, the transcription of FAD genes was controlled by nitrogen levels and fatty acids in the medium. A conserved DNA motif, (T/C)(G/A)TTGCAGA(T/C)CCCAG, was demonstrated to mediate the transcription of OLE1 by POA/OA. The applications of these FAD genes were illustrated by engineering high-level production of OA and γ-linolenic acid (GLA). Conclusion Our work has gained novel insights on the transcriptional regulation of FAD genes, evolution of FAD enzymes and their roles in UFA biosynthesis, membrane stress resistance and, cell mass and total fatty acid production. Our findings should illuminate fatty acid metabolic engineering in R. toruloides and beyond.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and exploiting the fatty acid desaturation system in Rhodotorula toruloides

Liu

Koh

Yap

et al. 2021

Biotechnol Biofuels

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“…Surprisingly, all the clades were rooted in a human wound isolate, S. aureus MUF256. This strain was isolated in 2012 from the foot ulcer of a diabetic patient from Karnataka, India [48]. This strain belongs to the Sivakumar et al BMC Genomics (2023) 24:44 A B Fig.…”

Section: Core-genome Mlst-based Phylogeny Analysis Of S Aureus Genome...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome sequencing and comparative genomic analysis of bovine mastitis-associated Staphylococcus aureus strains from India

et al. 2023

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Background Bovine mastitis accounts for significant economic losses to the dairy industry worldwide. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common causative agent of bovine mastitis. Investigating the prevalence of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance would provide insight into the molecular epidemiology of mastitis-associated S. aureus strains. The present study is focused on the whole genome sequencing and comparative genomic analysis of 41 mastitis-associated S. aureus strains isolated from India. Results The results elucidate explicit knowledge of 15 diverse sequence types (STs) and five clonal complexes (CCs). The clonal complexes CC8 and CC97 were found to be the predominant genotypes comprising 21 and 10 isolates, respectively. The mean genome size was 2.7 Mbp with a 32.7% average GC content. The pan-genome of the Indian strains of mastitis-associated S. aureus is almost closed. The genome-wide SNP-based phylogenetic analysis differentiated 41 strains into six major clades. Sixteen different spa types were identified, and eight isolates were untypeable. The cgMLST analysis of all S. aureus genome sequences reported from India revealed that S. aureus strain MUF256, isolated from wound fluids of a diabetic patient, was the common ancestor. Further, we observed that all the Indian mastitis-associated S. aureus isolates belonging to the CC97 are mastitis-associated. We identified 17 different antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes among these isolates, and all the isolates used in this study were susceptible to methicillin. We also identified 108 virulence-associated genes and discuss their associations with different genotypes. Conclusion This is the first study presenting a comprehensive whole genome analysis of bovine mastitis-associated S. aureus isolates from India. Comparative genomic analysis revealed the genome diversity, major genotypes, antimicrobial resistome, and virulome of clinical and subclinical mastitis-associated S. aureus strains.

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“…DFU infections and it is also one of the most adaptable human pathogens responsible for causing a wide range of illnesses. 10 A major threat to public health is the increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance which occurs due to excess usage of antibiotics. 11 In 15-30% of DFUs, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) are isolated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of methicillin resistance and virulence determinants of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in diabetic foot ulcers

Sandhu

Rathnayake

Huygens

2014

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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Genome Sequences of Four Clinical Staphylococcus aureus Strains with Diverse Drug Resistance Profiles Isolated from Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Cited by 7 publications

References 6 publications

Understanding and exploiting the fatty acid desaturation system in Rhodotorula toruloides

Understanding and exploiting the fatty acid desaturation system in Rhodotorula toruloides

Genome sequencing and comparative genomic analysis of bovine mastitis-associated Staphylococcus aureus strains from India

Prevalence of methicillin resistance and virulence determinants of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in diabetic foot ulcers

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Genome Sequences of Four Clinical Staphylococcus aureus Strains with Diverse Drug Resistance Profiles Isolated from Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Cited by 7 publications

References 6 publications

Understanding and exploiting the fatty acid desaturation system in Rhodotorula toruloides

Understanding and exploiting the fatty acid desaturation system in Rhodotorula toruloides

Genome sequencing and comparative genomic analysis of bovine mastitis-associated Staphylococcus aureus strains from India

Prevalence of methicillin resistance and virulence determinants of &lt;i&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/i&gt; in diabetic foot ulcers

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Prevalence of methicillin resistance and virulence determinants of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> in diabetic foot ulcers