Genome of the most widely used viral biopesticide: Anticarsia gemmatalis multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus

Abstract

The genome of Anticarsia gemmatalis multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus isolate 2D (AgMNPV-2D), which is the most extensively used virus pesticide in the world, was completely sequenced and shown to have 132 239 bp (G+C content 44?5 mol%) and to be capable of encoding 152 non-overlapping open reading frames (ORFs). Three ORFs were unique to AgMNPV-2D, one of which (ag31) had similarity to eukaryotic poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases. The lack of chiA and v-cath may explain some of the success and growth of the AgMNPV biological control programme, as it may explain the high recovery of polyhedra sequestered inside dead larvae in the field, which are collected and used for further application as biological pesticides in soybean fields. The genome organization was similar to that of the Choristoneura fumiferana defective MNPV (CfDefNPV). Most of the variation between the two genomes took place near highly repetitive regions, which were also closely associated with bro-coding regions. The separation of the NPVs into groups I and II was supported by: (i) a phenogram of the complete genomes of 28 baculovirus and Heliothis zea virus 1, (ii) the most parsimonious reconstruction of gene content along the phenograms and (iii) comparisons of genomic features. Moreover, these data also reinforced the notion that group I of the NPVs can be split further into the AgMNPV lineage (AgMNPV, CfDefNPV, Epiphyas postvittana NPV, Orgyia pseudotsugata MNPV and C. fumiferana MNPV), sharing eight defining genes, and the Autographa californica MNPV (AcMNPV) lineage (AcMNPV, Rachiplusia ou NPV and Bombyx mori NPV), sharing nine defining genes.

Purification of a recombinant baculovirus of Autographa californica M nucleopolyhedrovirus by ion exchange membrane chromatography

“…For decades large scale applications of biopesticides (in the order of 10 4 km 2 /year (Moscardi, 1999)) have made use of insect viruses targeting specifically their hosts (Mishra, 1998;Moscardi, 1999;Oliveira et al, 2006). This ecologically benign response to the increasing demand for agricultural production requires biopesticides that can compete economically with conventional chemical pesticides.…”

“…Previous studies have addressed the physical stability (Jorio et al, 2006a;Oliveira et al, 2006) of a recombinant of AcMNPV (Michalsky et al, 2008) and have assessed simple virus concentration via tangential ultrafiltration with commercial polysulfone membranes (Michalsky et al, 2009;Wu et al, 2007). Based on this work, a comparison of three different adsorptive membranes for concentration and purification of a recombinant of AcMNPV is provided here.…”

Detecção e análise filogenética de vírus em melancia e construção de novos vetores virais para expressão de proteínas em células de inseto

“…Um dos fatores interessantes sobre o genoma viral do AgMNPV é a ausência dos genes quitinase (v-chiA) e catepsina (v-cath), porém, estão presentes nos genomas dos baculovírus CfDefNPV e AcMNPV (Oliveira et al, 2006). Lima et al (2013) construíram um AgMNPV recombinante (vAgp2100Cf.v-chiA/v-cath) et al, 1996) e em AgMNPV foram observados nove (Oliveira et al, 2006).…”

“…Lima et al (2013) construíram um AgMNPV recombinante (vAgp2100Cf.v-chiA/v-cath) et al, 1996) e em AgMNPV foram observados nove (Oliveira et al, 2006). As hrs são apontadas como intensificadores (enhancers) da expressão de genes da fase early e como origens de replicação (ori) do genoma viral (Oliveira et al, 2006;Miele et al, 2011). O genoma de AgMNPV também possui oito genes bro (bro-a, bro-b, bro-c, bro-d, bro-e, bro-f, bro-g e bro-h), que formam uma família multigênica composta de ORFs repetidas.…”

“…Os vírus utilizados no presente trabalho foram o AgMNPV 2D (Johnson, et al, Maruniak, 1989, Oliveira, et al, 2006 promotor da poliedrina foi mantido a jusante do gene. Dessa forma, o vAgGal quando infecta células de inseto não produz poliedros e as células infectadas adquire a cor azul na presença do substratoe X-gal no meio de cultura (Ribeiro et al, 2001).…”