Genipin protects lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptotic liver damage in d-galactosamine-sensitized mice

Kim, Seok-Joo; Kim, Joon-Ki; Lee, Dong‐Ung; Kwak, Jong-Hwan; Lee, Sun-Mee

doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.03.007

Cited by 71 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…All other chemicals were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Genipin was isolated from dried fruits of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis as described [9].…”

Section: Aterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although genipin showed anti-inflammatory action [9,11], no report is available on adhesion molecules expression. So, we asked whether genipin inhibits adhesion molecules in EC activated with TNF-α.…”

Section: Effects On Tnf-α-induced Vcam-1 and Icam-1 Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the screening of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of traditional herbs, we isolated and identified genipin ( Fig. 1) from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis [9]. Genipin has long been used in oriental countries to treat inflammation, jaundice and hepartic disorders [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Genipin Selectively Inhibits TNF-α-activated VCAM-1 But Not ICAM-1 Expression by Upregulation of PPAR-γ in Human Endothelial Cells

Hwa¹,

Mun

Kim

et al. 2011

Korean J Physiol Pharmacol

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“…All other chemicals were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Genipin was isolated from dried fruits of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis as described [9].…”

Section: Aterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effects On Tnf-α-induced Vcam-1 and Icam-1 Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Genipin Selectively Inhibits TNF-α-activated VCAM-1 But Not ICAM-1 Expression by Upregulation of PPAR-γ in Human Endothelial Cells

Hwa¹,

Mun

Kim

et al. 2011

Korean J Physiol Pharmacol

Self Cite

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“…82 Genipin increased hepatoprotectin markedly against d-galactosamine/ lipopolysaccharides (GalN/LPS) induced hepatic damage related with its anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic activities, and inhibition of NF-kappaB nuclear translocation and nuclear p-c-Jun expression. 83 Hepatoprotective effects of geniposidic acid alleviated GalN/LPS-induced liver injury through enhancing anti-oxidative defense system and involving apoptotic signaling pathways which was analogous to that of genipin. 81 Crocetin significantly restored the endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) of thoracic aorta by enhancing the vessel eNOS activity to lead the elevation of NO production.…”

Section: Protective Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Activities and Intellectual Property Landscape of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis: a Review

Phatak¹

2015

Phcog J

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“…Gardenia fruit mainly protects the liver and nourishes the gallbladder, and its active constituent is geniposide, which belongs to the iridoid glycosides (2). It is also rich in other constituents such as organic acids, pigments and volatile oils (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacillus raises in vitro anticancer effect of geniposide in HSC‑3 human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells

Zhou

Wang

et al. 2017

Exp Ther Med

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Abstract. The present study determined the ability of the Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG strain (LGG) to enhance the anticancer effects of geniposide on HSC-3 human oral squamous carcinoma cells.LGG (1.0x10 3 CFU/ml) on its own had no impact on human oral keratinocytes and HSC-3 cancer cells. Geniposide (25 or 50 µg/ml) had no impact on human oral keratinocytes, but exerted growth inhibitory effects on HSC-3 cancer cells, which were increased in the presence of LGG. Flow cytometric analysis and a nuclear staining assay with DAPI revealed that HSC-3 cancer cells treated with LGG-geniposide (1.0x10 3 CFU/ml LGG and 50 µg/ml geniposide) had a higher apoptotic rate than cells in other treatment groups, particularly that treated with geniposide (50 µg/ml) only. Geniposide also increased the mRNA and protein expression of caspase-3, -8 and -9 as well as B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated X protein, p53, p21, inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) α, Fas and Fas ligand, while decreasing Bcl-2, Bcl extra large protein, inhibitor of apoptosis-1 and -2, NF-κB, cyclooxigenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in HSC-3 cells, which was increased in the presence of LGG. These results indicated that LGG enhanced the anticancer effects of geniposide in HSC-3 cells. IntroductionGardenia jasminoides Ellis belongs to the Rubiaceae family and Gardenia genus, and its dried ripe fruit can be used as a medicine, with bitter and cold taste, and nourishing the heart, lungs and San Juao meridian according to the principles of Chinese Medicine (1). Gardenia fruit mainly protects the liver and nourishes the gallbladder, and its active constituent is geniposide, which belongs to the iridoid glycosides (2). It is also rich in other constituents such as organic acids, pigments and volatile oils (3). A pharmacokinetic study has found that geniposide, the active constituent of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, is hydrolyzed by β-glucosidase produced by intestinal microorganisms to generate genipin (4). Studies have proved that genipin also significantly reduces inflammation, lipid peroxidation and angiogenesis, with low cytotoxicity, sound biocompatibility and high anti-degradation ability (5,6). Gardenia jasminoides Ellis has a low genipin content, which only accounts for 0.005-0.01%, and mainly exists in the form of its precursor-geniposide, accounting for 3-5%. At present, geniposide is extracted with organic solvents, and 100 g gardenia fruit provide ~4 g geniposide. Therefore, it is of great significance to ferment Gardenia by microorganisms to produce genipin (7). In addition, the use of microorganisms and geniposide may achieve a better control of the concentration of active constituents, which may enhance the pharmacological effect. The transformation of geniposide contained in Gardenia jasminoides by fermentation with microorganisms is carried out by β-glucosidase produced by bacteria, which breaks chemical bonds in geniposide to produce genipin (8).In the present study, high-yield lactobacillus produced by β-glucosidase was used to react...

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Genipin protects lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptotic liver damage in d-galactosamine-sensitized mice

Cited by 71 publications

References 26 publications

Genipin Selectively Inhibits TNF-α-activated VCAM-1 But Not ICAM-1 Expression by Upregulation of PPAR-γ in Human Endothelial Cells

Genipin Selectively Inhibits TNF-α-activated VCAM-1 But Not ICAM-1 Expression by Upregulation of PPAR-γ in Human Endothelial Cells

Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Activities and Intellectual Property Landscape of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis: a Review

Lactobacillus raises in vitro anticancer effect of geniposide in HSC‑3 human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells

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