Genetics of the Spontaneously Diabetic Torii Rat

Yokoi, Norihide

doi:10.2174/1876524601104010021

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Diabetes in the SDT rat has a polygenic basis, regulated by at least seven quantitative trait loci (QTL) for glucose intolerance: Gisdt1, Gisdt2, and Gisdt3 on rat chromosomes 1, 2 and X and Dmsdt1, Dmsdt2, Dmsdt3 and Dmsdt4 on chromosomes 3, 8, 13 and 14 [ 73 , 74 , 77 ]. Dmsdt1, was reported to be the major locus responsible for pancreatic lesions in SDT rats and the most influential in the development of diabetes [ 78 ].…”

Section: Common Rodent Models Of Mets and T2dmmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Nile Rat (Arvicanthis niloticus) as a Superior Carbohydrate-Sensitive Model for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)

et al. 2018

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Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multifactorial disease involving complex genetic and environmental interactions. No single animal model has so far mirrored all the characteristics or complications of diabetes in humans. Since this disease represents a chronic nutritional insult based on a diet bearing a high glycemic load, the ideal model should recapitulate the underlying dietary issues. Most rodent models have three shortcomings: (1) they are genetically or chemically modified to produce diabetes; (2) unlike humans, most require high-fat feeding; (3) and they take too long to develop diabetes. By contrast, Nile rats develop diabetes rapidly (8–10 weeks) with high-carbohydrate (hiCHO) diets, similar to humans, and are protected by high fat (with low glycemic load) intake. This review describes diabetes progression in the Nile rat, including various aspects of breeding, feeding, and handling for best experimental outcomes. The diabetes is characterized by a striking genetic permissiveness influencing hyperphagia and hyperinsulinemia; random blood glucose is the best index of disease progression; and kidney failure with chronic morbidity and death are outcomes, all of which mimic uncontrolled T2DM in humans. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), also described in diabetic humans, results from hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol accumulation associated with rising blood glucose. Protection is afforded by low glycemic load diets rich in certain fibers or polyphenols. Accordingly, the Nile rat provides a unique opportunity to identify the nutritional factors and underlying genetic and molecular mechanisms that characterize human T2DM.

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Section: Common Rodent Models Of Mets and T2dmmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Nile Rat (Arvicanthis niloticus) as a Superior Carbohydrate-Sensitive Model for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)

et al. 2018

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“…Based on the results of genetic analyses using two control strains, seven quantitative trait loci (QTLs) involved in the impairment of glucose tolerance are currently mapped on the rat genome (Table 1) [25–27]. In a backcross experiment with Brown Norway (BN) rats, QTLs involved in the impairment of glucose tolerance in SDT rats were identified on chromosomes 1, 2, and X, which were named Gisdt1 , Gisdt2 , and Gisdt3 , respectively.…”

Section: Analysis Of Responsible Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Spontaneously Diabetic Torii Rat: An Animal Model of Nonobese Type 2 Diabetes with Severe Diabetic Complications

Sasase

Ohta

Masuyama

et al. 2013

Journal of Diabetes Research

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The Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) rat is an inbred strain of Sprague-Dawley rat and recently is established as a nonobese model of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Male SDT rats show high plasma glucose levels (over 700 mg/dL) by 20 weeks. Male SDT rats show pancreatic islet histopathology, including hemorrhage in pancreatic islets and inflammatory cell infiltration with fibroblasts. Prior to the onset of diabetes, glucose intolerance with hypoinsulinemia is also observed. As a result of chronic severe hyperglycemia, the SDT rats develop profound complications. In eyes, retinopathy, cataract, and neovascular glaucoma are observed. Proliferative retinopathy, especially, resulting from retinal neovascular vessels is a unique characteristic of this model. In kidney, mesangial proliferation and nodular lesion are observed. Both peripheral neuropathy such as decreased nerve conduction velocity and thermal hypoalgesia and autonomic neuropathy such as diabetic diarrhea and voiding dysfunction have been reported. Osteoporosis is another complication characterized in SDT rat. Decreased bone density and low-turnover bone lesions are observed. Taking advantage of these features, SDT rat has been used for evaluating antidiabetic drugs and drugs/gene therapy for diabetic complications. In conclusion, the SDT rat is potentially a useful T2D model for studies on pathogenesis and treatment of diabetic complications in humans.

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“…One of them (Dmsdt1) have particular involvement in islet inflammation and fibrosis. It was suspected that this gene might also have implication in retinal lesions [147].…”

Section: Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat/national Institute Of Health-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Improved Animal Models for the Study of Diabetes

Ciobotaru¹

2013

Diabetes Mellitus - Insights and Perspectives

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Genetics of the Spontaneously Diabetic Torii Rat

Cited by 3 publications

References 26 publications

The Nile Rat (Arvicanthis niloticus) as a Superior Carbohydrate-Sensitive Model for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)

The Nile Rat (Arvicanthis niloticus) as a Superior Carbohydrate-Sensitive Model for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM)

The Spontaneously Diabetic Torii Rat: An Animal Model of Nonobese Type 2 Diabetes with Severe Diabetic Complications

Development of Improved Animal Models for the Study of Diabetes

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