Genetic variation reveals broad-scale biogeographic patterns and challenges species’ classification in the <i>Kunzea ericoides</i> (kānuka; Myrtaceae) complex from New Zealand

Heenan, P. B.; McGlone, Matt S.; Mitchell, Caroline; Cheeseman, Dagmar F.; Houliston, Gary J.

doi:10.1080/0028825x.2021.1903946

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Kānuka is a native and successional genus that grows readily in New Zealand hill country [13], and has many attributes that mean it has the potential to perform well as a silvopastoral tree. Kānuka has been split into 10 endemic New Zealand species [37], although Heenan et al [38] provides evidence that questions this 10-species description. Nevertheless, Land 2021, 10, 1386 6 of 30 as of 2021, 10 are still recognised.…”

Section: Kānukamentioning

confidence: 99%

A Framework for Reviewing Silvopastoralism: A New Zealand Hill Country Case Study

Mackay-Smith

Burkitt

Reid

et al. 2021

Land

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Silvopastoral systems can be innovative solutions to agricultural environmental degradation, especially in hilly and mountainous regions. A framework that expresses the holistic nature of silvopastoral systems is required so research directions can be unbiased and informed. This paper presents a novel framework that relates the full range of known silvopastoral outcomes to bio-physical tree attributes, and uses it to generate research priorities for a New Zealand hill country case study. Current research is reviewed and compared for poplar (Populus spp.), the most commonly planted silvopastoral tree in New Zealand hill country, and kānuka (Kunzea spp.), a novel and potentially promising native alternative. The framework highlights the many potential benefits of kānuka, many of which are underappreciated hill country silvopastoral outcomes, and draws attention to the specific outcome research gaps for poplar, despite their widespread use. The framework provides a formalised tool for reviewing and generating research priorities for silvopastoral trees, and provides a clear example of how it can be used to inform research directions in silvopastoral systems, globally.

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Section: Kānukamentioning

confidence: 99%

A Framework for Reviewing Silvopastoralism: A New Zealand Hill Country Case Study

Mackay-Smith

Burkitt

Reid

et al. 2021

Land

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“…We combined all Kunzea spp. records as Kunzea ericoides sensu lato since most plot data predate a recent revision to the genus (de Lange, 2014), and because the new species are difficult to distinguish in the field and molecular analysis strongly suggests that they do not merit species status (Heenan et al, 2021). Similarly, all Leptospermum spp.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological importance of the Myrtaceae in New Zealand's natural forests

Bellingham

McCarthy

et al. 2022

J Vegetation Science

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Aims The Myrtaceae is a woody family that plays an important role in forest ecosystems globally. The recent spread of myrtle rust, caused by a fungal pathogen (Austropuccinia psidii), from its native South America into New Zealand (NZ), highlights the need to quantify the ecological importance of Myrtaceae in NZ woody ecosystems. Location New Zealand. Methods Using NZ nationwide forest and shrubland inventory data, collected from 2009 to 2014, we quantified the ecological importance of Myrtaceae based on its richness and abundance relative to co‐occurring woody families. We then explored how climate and forest stand structure affect Myrtaceae importance in general and by tribe and growth form. Finally, we compared functional traits associated with plant growth and reproductive strategies with other dominant woody families and determined Myrtaceae's contributions to community‐weighted mean (CWM) trait values. Results Myrtaceae occurred in 74% of the study plots and its importance value was the second highest across the woody families. It was the only one in which climbers substantially contributed to the importance value (17%). Greater Myrtaceae importance values were associated with warmer and more mesic climates and early forest successional stages. Climate associations were similar within tribes and growth forms, whereas forest structure effects varied. Myrtaceae was functionally distinct from most co‐occurring woody families. Contributions to CWM wood density, maximum height, and specific leaf area values were significantly greater than expected from its importance value. Conclusions Myrtaceae is the second most ecologically important woody family in NZ woody ecosystems. The family has a distinctive functional trait spectrum associated with high wood density and tall stature, ensuring large and enduring carbon stocks. There will potentially be large and deleterious outcomes in forest ecosystems if taxon‐specific pathogens, such as Austropuccinia psidii, spread and significantly reduce Myrtaceae importance.

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Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis in Leptospermum scoparium (Myrtaceae) supports two highly differentiated endemic species in Aotearoa New Zealand and Australia

Chagné

Montanari

Kirk

et al. 2023

Tree Genetics & Genomes

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Leptospermum scoparium is the basis of a flourishing honey industry in Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ) and Australia. The genetic structure of L. scoparium across its range in NZ and Australia was previously assessed using pooled, whole genome sequencing; however, only one sampling site in Tasmania was included. Here, we used a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array for genotyping samples of L. scoparium collected in natural stands around Tasmania and NZ, to determine the genetic relationship between L. scoparium individuals from the two regions. In total, 2069 high quality, polymorphic SNP markers were applied across the sample set of 504 individuals, revealing that Tasmanian L. scoparium are genetically distinct from NZ mānuka, confirming the observation from the pooled whole genome sequencing project. FST and discriminant analysis of principal components confirmed that the Tasmanian populations are well differentiated genetically from NZ populations, suggesting that they should be recognised as a separate, endemic Australian species. Within NZ, eight geographic groups are distinguished with genotypic variation exhibiting north to south landscape scale patterns with regional genetic clusters. We found support for isolation by distance, and this was reflected in the range of pairwise FST values estimated between NZ genetic clusters (0.056 to 0.356); however, each geographic genetic group exhibits geneflow and is only weakly differentiated from neighbouring clusters as evidenced by low population differentiation (low pairwise FST). These data provide little support for taxonomic revision and subdividing L. scoparium into segregate species within NZ.

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Genetic variation reveals broad-scale biogeographic patterns and challenges species’ classification in the Kunzea ericoides (kānuka; Myrtaceae) complex from New Zealand

Cited by 7 publications

References 82 publications

A Framework for Reviewing Silvopastoralism: A New Zealand Hill Country Case Study

A Framework for Reviewing Silvopastoralism: A New Zealand Hill Country Case Study

Ecological importance of the Myrtaceae in New Zealand's natural forests

Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis in Leptospermum scoparium (Myrtaceae) supports two highly differentiated endemic species in Aotearoa New Zealand and Australia

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