Genetic Variation in the Terrestrial Orchid Tipularia Discolor

Smith, Julie L.; Hunter, Kimberly L.; Hunter, Richard B.

doi:10.1656/1528-7092(2002)001[0017:gvitto]2.0.co;2

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…They found that natural populations were maintained primarily by vegetative reproduction. Nevertheless, experimental crosses indicated that pollinator-mediated intrafloral selfing, geitonogamy, and xenogamy all have the potential for seed production, and a study of genetic markers supports (Smith et al 2002). In the Maryland study, artificial self-pollination resulted in seed set in 91% of the flowers.…”

Section: Floral Morphologymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…A highly variable number of pinhead-sized, greenish-yellow flowers are evenly spaced in a terminal raceme (Table 5.1) Smith 1993). The nearly microscopic yellowish lip is striped with green and stands erect due to a 360° twist of the pedicel and ovary (Fig.…”

Section: Floral Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5.1a) . It is more or less ovate with an acute or sometimes constricted apex giving rise to a small, acuminate tip Smith 1993). The lower margins clasp the column resulting in a tubular entrance to the flower (Fig.…”

Section: Floral Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sepals and lateral petals vary in color from yellow to green, tinged with magenta or purple-brown Smith 1993). The sepals are spreading whereas the petals parallel the column (Fig.…”

Section: Floral Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Average flower size differs slightly (Table 1.1), ranging from about 3 to 5 mm long in G. repens and G. pubescens through G. tesselata (about 4-7 mm long) to G. oblongifolia (about 5-10 mm long) Kallunki 1976Kallunki , 1981Smith 1993). Kallunki (1981) described the perianth in G. repens as distinctly whiter than in G. oblongifolia and G. tesselata The reflectance pattern also varies under ultraviolet light, where the labella of G. oblongifolia and G. tesselata appear bright yellow-green and that of G. repens does not fluoresce at all.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

The Pollination Biology of North American Orchids: Volume 2

Argue¹

2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights.Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) v Preface This is the second of two volumes treating the pollination biology of all native and introduced orchid species occurring north of Mexico and Florida. Both volumes provide an up-to-date collation of a vast literature previously scattered in numerous, often obscure, journals and books. Like Volume 1, Volume 2 supplies detailed information on genetic compatibility, breeding systems, pollinators, pollination mechanisms, fruiting success, and limiting factors for each species. Distribution, habitat, and floral morphology are also summarized. In addition, original, detailed line drawings emphasize orchid reproductive organs and their adaptation to known pollinators. All drawings are by the author, sometimes based on the published work of others, as indicated.Volume 1 furnished a brief introduction to the general morphology of the orchid flower and the terminology used to describe orchid breeding systems and reproductive strategies. It treated the lady's-slippers of genus Cypripedium, subfamily Cypripedioideae, and introduced nine genera of the subfamily Orchidoideae, including the diverse rein orchids of genus Platanthera.Volume 2 continues the treatment of the Orchidoideae with nine North American genera of tribe Cranichideae. These include the rattlesnake plantains of genus Goodyera, often recognized by their clusters of variegated leaves, and the ladies' tresses of genus Spiranthes and their relatives, well known for the often spiral arrangement of their flowers in spicate inflorescences.Seven North American tribes of the large subfamily Epidendroideae are considered next. Tribe Neottieae, with three genera, includes the twayblades of genus Listera (Neottia) with their long lips and paired stem leaves. Also in this group are the helleborines, including the strange, ghostly white phantom orchid of genus Cephalanthera and the native stream orchid and broad-leaved helleborine, both of genus Epipactis. The tribe Triphoreae comprises a single North American genus, Triphora, the three-birds orchid with an asymmetrical perianth. The tribe Malaxideae includes the diminutive and easily overlooked adder's mouth orchid of genus Malaxis and a second genus, Liparis, which shares the common name twayblade with Listera, but differs in having only basal leaves. The tribe Calypsoeae comprises vi Preface four genera native to our flora. The fairy slipper orchid of genus Calypso, considered by some as the most beautiful...

show abstract

Section: Floral Morphologymentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Floral Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Floral Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sepals and lateral petals vary in color from yellow to green, tinged with magenta or purple-brown Smith 1993). The sepals are spreading whereas the petals parallel the column (Fig.…”

Section: Floral Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The Pollination Biology of North American Orchids: Volume 2

Argue¹

2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Tribe Calypsoeae

Argue

2011

The Pollination Biology of North American Orchids: Volume 2

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Are winter-active species vulnerable to climate warming? A case study with the wintergreen terrestrial orchid, Tipularia discolor

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the eastern United States, winter temperature has been increasing nearly twice as fast as summer temperature, but studies of warming effects on plants have focused on species that are photosynthetically active in summer. The terrestrial orchid Tipularia discolor is leafless in summer and acquires C primarily in winter. The optimum temperature for photosynthesis in T. discolor is higher than the maximum temperature throughout most of its growing season, and therefore growth can be expected to increase with warming. Contrary to this hypothesis, experimental warming negatively affected reproductive fitness (number of flowering stalks, flowers, fruits) and growth (change in leaf area from 2010 to 2012) in T. discolor. Temperature in June-July was critical for flowering, and mean July temperature greater than 29 °C (i.e., 2.5 °C above ambient) eliminated reproduction. Warming of 1.2 °C delayed flowering by an average of 10 days and fruiting by an average of 5 days. Warming of 4.4 °C reduced relative growth rates by about 60%, which may have been partially caused by the direct effects of temperature on photosynthesis and respiration. Warming indirectly increased vapor pressure deficit (VPD) by 0.2-0.5 kPa, and leaf-to-air VPD over 1.3 kPa restricted stomatal conductance of T. discolor to 10-40% of maximum conductance. These results highlight the need to account for changes in VPD when estimating temperature responses of plant species under future warming scenarios. Increasing temperature in the future will likely be an important limiting factor to the distribution of T. discolor, especially along the southern edge of its range.

show abstract

Genetic Variation in the Terrestrial Orchid Tipularia Discolor

Cited by 21 publications

References 25 publications

The Pollination Biology of North American Orchids: Volume 2

The Pollination Biology of North American Orchids: Volume 2

Tribe Calypsoeae

Are winter-active species vulnerable to climate warming? A case study with the wintergreen terrestrial orchid, Tipularia discolor

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About