Genetic variation in progeny allocation in <i>Trichogramma maidis</i>

Wajnberg, Éric; Pizzol, Jeannine; Babault, Manuel

doi:10.1111/j.1570-7458.1989.tb01302.x

Cited by 33 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…However, this is only relevant when parasitoids are dealing with competition within the host due to superparasitism . This is not the case in our study, since the number of host eggs available per female wasp was high enough to avoid superparasitism (Wajnberg et al, 1989).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Is the parasitization capacity of Trichogramma cordubensis influenced by the age of the females?

Garcia¹,

Wajnberg

Oliveira³

et al. 2001

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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We investigated the parasitization capacity of Trichogramma cordubensis Vargas & Cabello (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) females aged 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h, 120 h, and 144 h, using Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) eggs as hosts. Wasps were held without hosts during the period of ageing, therefore being increasingly time‐limited with respect to parasitization as they got older. The total number of parasitized hosts decreased as the age of the parasitoid increased. However, the proportion of lifetime parasitism carried out on the first day increased with wasp age, up to 120‐h old females. These results show that the parasitization capacity of ageing T. cordubensis females changes as they become time‐limited. The consequences of such changes for biological control programs are discussed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Is the parasitization capacity of Trichogramma cordubensis influenced by the age of the females?

Garcia¹,

Wajnberg

Oliveira³

et al. 2001

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…Smith (1996) mentioned that a high female: egg host ratio is conducive to superparasitism, with the adverse consequence of highly male biased offspring sex ratios and low quality in the insects produced. According to Wanjberg et al (1989), superparasitism in T. maidis must be avoided in mass rearing, in order to reduce the risk of low field efficiency. However, it is important to highlight that the origin of superparasitism in each species can be due to different factors, such as host availability, a female's previous oviposition experience, host physiological resistance, or the adaptive mechanisms exhibited by parasitoids (Vinson 1984; van Alphen and Visser 1990;Godfray 1994;Rosenheim and Hongkham 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Wanjberg, Pizzol, and Babault (1989), a propensity for superparasitism in Trichogramma maidis Pintureau and Voegelé (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) seems to be genetically determined in mass-reared individuals. In contrast, results by White and Andow (2008) in Macrocentrus grandii (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), suggest that host availability and female environmental perception of conspecific competitors (rather than wasp propensity), determine self-superparasitism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Host discrimination and superparasitism in wild and mass-rearedDiachasmimorpha longicaudata(Hym.: Braconidae) females

González

Montoya

Pérez‐Lachaud

et al. 2010

Biocontrol Science and Technology

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We compared the oviposition behavior and host discrimination ability of wild and mass-reared Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) females parasitizing Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae) larvae. Both kinds of parasitoid females were presented simultaneously with parasitized and nonparasitized larvae in choice tests, and their superparasitism performance was evaluated under a mass-rearing situation. At the time of the test, D. longicaudata had 156 generations under mass-rearing conditions. Our goal was to determine the effect of the mass-rearing process on the foraging decisions of this species. One of the primary findings was the apparent ubiquity of superparasitism by D. longicaudata females. Both types of females showed similar patterns in each of the phases of oviposition behavior evaluated. The only notable differences were among the percentages of transition between behaviors, mainly related to the intensity with which each activity was performed. Under a mass-rearing situation, both strains of females had a similar tendency to increase superparasitism (i.e., number of oviposition scars per puparium and the proportion of superparasitized larvae) over time. The mass-rearing process appears to have induced the selection of more aggressive, fertile and precocious females. Despite these observations, we concluded that the process of adaptation to mass-rearing conditions has not substantially influenced the foraging and ovipositional behaviors in this species.

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“…As the second and third series included multiple parasitoids attacking a shared set of host eggs, the females in these series would have experienced eggs previously parasitised by other females. Trichogramma species avoid self‐superparasitism of E. kuehniella eggs, except under extreme circumstances, but may superparasitise eggs attacked by conspecific females (Wajnberg et al ., 1989). Thus the significance of discrimination and superparasitism for the functional response of T. minutum was determined through a fourth series in which single parasitoid females were exposed to sets of 60 host eggs amongst which the number of previously parasitised eggs ranged from 0 to 40.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ratio dependence in the functional response of insect parasitoids: evidence fromTrichogramma minutumforaging for eggs in small host patches

Mills

Laćan

2004

Ecological Entomology

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Abstract. 1. Despite considerable recent debate on the suitability of ratio dependence as a more general form for the functional response in consumer–victim relationships, there have been few detailed studies to experimentally determine the response of insect parasitoids to host and parasitoid density at a local scale. 2. The experimental host, Ephestia kuehniella, was used to test for host dependence and ratio dependence in the functional response of the egg parasitoid, Trichogramma minutum, a species widely used in inundative biological control. The functional response was examined through four series of experiments in which either host density, parasitoid density, or the ratio of previously parasitised to healthy hosts was manipulated. 3. The response to host density was type I for both single and simultaneously foraging parasitoids, indicating a lack of host dependence in the functional response. The upper limit to the response was estimated as 39 hosts attacked in a 24‐h period, with an estimated per capita search rate of 1.32 for individual females and 0.37 for three simultaneously searching females. 4. The response to parasitoid density provided an interference constant of unity, indicating an equal sharing of hosts and thus ratio dependence in the functional response. Female parasitoids responded to the presence of conspecifically parasitised eggs with a significant increase in search rate (1.75), but with no change to the form or upper limit of the response. 5. It is suggested that ratio dependence may be more common among insect parasitoids than previously supposed, and that a type I functional response, or the absence of host dependence, may be an emergent property of phylogenetic constraint within the monophyletic grouping of Cales, Eretmocerus, and Trichogramma.

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Genetic variation in progeny allocation in Trichogramma maidis

Cited by 33 publications

References 28 publications

Is the parasitization capacity of Trichogramma cordubensis influenced by the age of the females?

Is the parasitization capacity of Trichogramma cordubensis influenced by the age of the females?

Host discrimination and superparasitism in wild and mass-rearedDiachasmimorpha longicaudata(Hym.: Braconidae) females

Ratio dependence in the functional response of insect parasitoids: evidence fromTrichogramma minutumforaging for eggs in small host patches

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