Genetic variation, Heritability estimates and GXE effects on yield traits of Mesoamerican common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L) germplasm in Uganda

Abstract

Germplasm of common beans from the Mesoamerican gene pool races: Durango, Jalisco, Mesoamerica and Guatemala have highest genetic variation for the crop's improvement. The objective was to assign 50 common bean germplasm in Uganda into its gene pool races based on analyses of population structure. Secondly, to estimate heritability and effects of genotype × environment (GXE) interaction on common bean agronomic and yield traits in space and time. Sample genomic DNA was amplified in 2011 with 22 Simple sequence repeat markers (SSRs) and alleles separated using capillary electrophoresis. Field evaluations were conducted in 2010 and 2011 at NaCRRI and 2015 at CIAT – Kawanda. Multivariate analyses of SSRs data identified four subgroups within the germplasm: K4.1–K4.4, with corresponding Wrights fixation indices (FST) as 0.1829 for K4.1, 0.1585 for K4.4, 0.1579 for K4.2 and least for K4.3 at 0.0678. Gene pool race admixtures in the population (14%) were notable and attributed to gene flow. Four superior parents currently used in improving resistance to major diseases grouped as; Jalisco for MLB49-89A; Mesoamerica for MCM5001 and G2333; Durango for MEXICO 54. Heritability values for yield traits estimated using phenotypic data from above fixed parents, was above 0.81. Season and location had significant effect (P < 0.05) on numbers of: flower buds per inflorescence, pod formation and weight of 100 seeds. The findings will improve understanding of co-evolutionary relationships between bean hosts and pathogens for better disease management and will broaden the germplasm base for improving other tropical production constraints.

Phenotypic Characterization of 183 Turkish Common Bean Accessions for Agronomic, Trading, and Consumer-Preferred Plant Characteristics for Breeding Purposes

“…G × E interaction was not significant for days to emergence, days to first flower, plant height, pods per plant, pods weight, primary branches, root length, and 100-seed weight, implying that selections made in one environment can be usefully exploited in the other environments, which can expedite the process of cultivar development and cut the costs associated with this activity. Genotypic variations and G × E effects observed in this work were found in agreement with previous works [32,[35][36][37][38].…”

“…Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for most of studied traits reflected that genotypic variances were highly significant within as well as across the environment, revealing their higher level of heritability. The findings of this study are in line with previous studies [38,41,42] stating that days to maturity, pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, and 100 seeds weight are less influenced by environmental forces and are highly heritable traits under multi-year/locations.…”

Population Structure and Genome‐Wide Association Analysis of Bruchid Resistance in Ethiopian Common Bean Genotypes

“…With the current advances in molecular markers, a number of studies have been conducted to assess genetic diversity, population structure, and genome-wide association in the common bean. A wide range of molecular markers, including restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs; Velasquez and Gepts, 1994;Freyre et al, 1998), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD; Beebe et al, 2000;Durán et al, 2005), inter simple sequence repeats (ISSRs; González et al, 2005;Dagnew et al, 2014), amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs; Beebe et al, 2001;Papa and Gepts, 2003), simple sequence repeats (SSRs; Blair et al, 2007Blair et al, , 2009Blair et al, , 2010aAsfaw et al, 2009;Kwak and Gepts, 2009;Burle et al, 2010;McClean et al, 2012;De La Fuente et al, 2013;Mercati et al, 2013;Okii et al, 2014Okii et al, , 2017Gioia et al, 2019;Pereira et al, 2019), and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; Cortés et al, 2011;Blair et al, 2013;Goretti et al, 2013;Cichy et al, 2015a;Rodriguez et al, 2016;Lobaton et al, 2018;Raatz et al, 2019), have been used in common bean.…”

Validation of effectiveness marker-assisted gamete selection for multiple disease resistance in common bean

“…This implies that markers are effective in identifying and transferring of resistance genes to susceptible commercial varieties in early generations. Pyramiding genes for disease resistance in a genotype is a more durable and sustainable strategy to control diseases, as multiple coinfections of pathogens are common in production fields and have been reported to substantially affect productivity of the common bean (Singh, 2001;Valentini et al, 2017;Okii et al, 2018). While developing inter-gene pool multipleparent genotypes, Okii et al (2017) showed the effectiveness of marker-assisted selection to pyramid genes of resistance as well as improve the agronomic qualities.…”