Genetic Variation for Virulence and Resistance in the Wheat-<i>Mycosphaerella graminicola</i>Pathosystem I. Interactions Between Pathogen Isolates and Host Cultivars

Kema, G.H.J.; Annone, J.G; Sayoud, Rachid; Silfhout, C.H. van; Ginkel, M. van; Bree, J. de

doi:10.1094/phyto-86-200

Cited by 126 publications

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“…From the host's standpoint (cultivar), the interaction with certain isolates in a given geographical area allowed the manifestation of resistance genes specific for those isolates, which were perpetuated through the process of artificial selection aimed at the formation of new cultivars. In agreement with these results, evidences of differential interactions between Septoria tritici isolates and wheat cultivars have been found in Israel, Morocco, United States and England, suggesting that the physiological specialization of the pathogen has occurred (Eyal et al, 1973;King et al, 1983;Saadaoui, 1987;Ahmed et al, 1995;Kema et al, 1996aKema et al, , 1996bBrown et al, 2001).…”

Section: Results and Discussion Experiments 1: Castelar-argentinasupporting

confidence: 60%

Aggressiveness and physiological specialization of Septoria tritici Rob. isolates

Gieco¹,

Dubcovsky²,

Camargo³

2004

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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Pathogenicity tests verifying the behavior of Septoria tritici isolates should be considered as a priority in the selection of resistant wheat materials to this pathogen, since the aggressiveness of each isolate can vary significantly, causing problems in the evaluation and selection of resistant genotypes. The objective of this work was to determine whether physiologic specialization exists among Argentinean and American Septoria tritici isolates, through the analysis of their pathogenicity on cultivars and lines of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The experiments were carried out in Castelar-Argentina and in Davis-USA. In Castelar, a split plot design (n = 4) was used. The cultivars or lines were randomized in the plots and the isolates in the subplots. Each subplot consisted of three plants belonging to a cultivar or line. In Davis, a strip split plot design (n = 6) was used. A pot containing three plants of each cultivar or line constituted the experimental plots. In both sites, the inoculation was made at the flag leaf phenological stage through foliar aspersion of a conidial suspension adjusted to 10 6 -10 8 conidia mL -1. Evaluations were made by recording the leaf area covered with pycnidia (LACP) at the flag leaf stage with the use of rating scales. Differences (P ≤ 0.0001) in LACP were detected among cultivars or lines. Isolate effects and the interaction cultivar × isolate were significant (P ≤ 0.0001). Variations in aggressiveness and virulence were found among the isolates, indicating the presence of horizontal and vertical resistance in the host cultivars. Cada subparcela foi composta por três plantas pertencentes a um determinado cultivar. Na segunda localidade, foi adotado um delineamento em blocos casualizados e arranjo em faixas, com seis repetições, onde as parcelas experimentais foram constituídas por um vaso contendo três plantas de cada cultivar. A inoculação foi feita no estádio fenológico de folha bandeira em ambas localidades com uma suspensão de conídios ajustada a uma concentração de 10 6 -10 8 esporos mL -1 , empregando a técnica de inoculação por aspersão foliar. As avaliações foram feitas registrando-se a área foliar coberta por picnídios (AFCP) no estádio de folha bandeira com auxílio de escalas de notas. Em ambas localidades foram detectadas diferenças significativas (P ≤ 0,0001) em AFCP entre cultivares. Foram também detectados efeitos significativos de isolados e da interação cultivares x isolados (P ≤ 0,0001). Foram detectadas variações na agressividade e virulência dos isolados sugerindo a presença de resistência horizontal e vertical no material vegetal testado. Testes de patogenicidade destinados a verificar o comportamento de isolados de Septoria tritici devem ser considerados como uma prioridade na seleção de materiais de trigo resistentes a este patógeno. Palavras-chave: Mycosphaerella graminicola, Triticum aestivum, mancha foliar, resistência vertical, resistência horizontal Aggressiveness and physiological specialization of S. tritici isolates 415

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Section: Results and Discussion Experiments 1: Castelar-argentinasupporting

confidence: 60%

Aggressiveness and physiological specialization of Septoria tritici Rob. isolates

Gieco¹,

Dubcovsky²,

Camargo³

2004

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

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“…They analyzed many individual combinations «cultivar ½ isolate» and suggested that there are 28 complementary genes. Existence of interacting gene pairs was confirmed by the results of other studies using 80 isolates and 47 cultivars [3]. The gene-for-gene interaction was finally proved by molecular genetic studies of host and pathogen.…”

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confidence: 55%

“…Genetic base of STB resistance can manifest itself as a decreased lesion area and reduced fungus fertility. These parameters are controlled by different genes and they are both important for disease assessment [3]. Fungus fertility is usually evaluated by pycnidia number.…”

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confidence: 99%

ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКАЯ СТРУКТУРА РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫХ ПОПУЛЯЦИЙ Mycosphaerella graminicola (Septoria tritici) — ВОЗБУДИТЕЛЯ СЕПТОРИОЗА ПШЕНИЦЫ (Triticum aestivum L.)

2016

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“…Pycnidial coverage on leaf surface was assessed as a measure of the level of infection and/or resistance. Although other scoring methods have been proposed for assessing the disease severity of STB in wheat (McCartney et al 2002;Adhikari et al 2003), the scoring of disease severity based on a visual estimation of the percent leaf area covered by lesions bearing pycnidia still remains as the most common approach (Kema et al 1996a;Brown et al 2001;Chartrain et al 2004). Pycnidial coverage is considered to be more accurate because symptoms cannot be confounded with natural senescence or other pathogens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New sources of resistance to Septoria tritici blotch in wheat seedlings

2016

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The resistance of a set of Argentine wheat cultivars, differentials, and foreign lines with known genes of resistance to Zymoseptoria tritici was assessed at the seedling stage against a set of molecularly characterized Argentine fungal isolates under three experimental conditions. The experimental design was a split-splitplot with two replications. The environment conditions were the main plots, the fungal isolates were the subplots and the wheat lines with known resistance genes or used as differential lines or the Argentine commercial cultivars were the sub-subplots. Sixteen fungal isolates were inoculated on 23 wheat accessions including 12 foreign lines with known resistance genes, two differential lines, and nine Argentine cultivars that were selected on the basis of their moderate resistance to natural infection, to identify isolate-specific and partial resistances. The genotypes TE 9111 and Oasis among the foreign lines along with the Argentine cultivars Pro INTA Puntal, Klein Volcán and Buck 75 Aniversario expressed the highest number of specific-resistance interactions. Flame, Tadinia and Kavkaz among the foreign lines showed partial resistances to a higher number of fungal isolates; a comparable resistance pattern was also obtained in the Argentine cultivars Klein Sagitario, Klein Dragón, Don Ernesto and Buck Arriero. Our study demonstrated that the presence of resistance genes in several foreign lines against Septoria tritici blotch is effective against some of the Argentine fungal isolates. In addition, the Argentinean wheat cultivars that showed isolate-specific and nonspecific resistances probably carry novel resistance genes against the pathogen.

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Genetic Variation for Virulence and Resistance in the Wheat-Mycosphaerella graminicolaPathosystem I. Interactions Between Pathogen Isolates and Host Cultivars

Cited by 126 publications

References 0 publications

Aggressiveness and physiological specialization of Septoria tritici Rob. isolates

Aggressiveness and physiological specialization of Septoria tritici Rob. isolates

ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКАЯ СТРУКТУРА РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫХ ПОПУЛЯЦИЙ Mycosphaerella graminicola (Septoria tritici) — ВОЗБУДИТЕЛЯ СЕПТОРИОЗА ПШЕНИЦЫ (Triticum aestivum L.)

New sources of resistance to Septoria tritici blotch in wheat seedlings

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