Genetic Variation and Differentiation in Scandinavian Moose (Alces alces): Are Large Mammals Monomorphic?

Do island populations have less genetic variation than mainland populations?

“…Pacific island populations on major trade routes (such as on Hawaii) are likely to have had introductions from Europe, Asia, North and South America. Other species where island populations have greater variation than mainland populations are often characterized by high dispersal ability [bat (Macrotus) Greenbaum & Baker, 1976; moose Ryman et at., 1980; oak (Quercus petraea) Zanneto & Kremer, 1995]. The plant Ctyptomeria japonica is a particularly informative exception (Tsumura & Ohba, 1993).…”

Lack of biochemical polymorphism in British fallow deer

“…Points to notice are that none of the species completely lacks detectable variation and that the white-tailed deer shows an apparently higher level of genetic variation than moose, red deer and wapiti. Indeed, all the white-tailed deer populations and some of the moose and wapiti populations studied have average heterozygosities (H) greater than the H for all mammals (H = 0.033-0.039) derived by various authors (Powell, 1975;Nevo, 1978;Avise and Aquadro, 1982;Baccus et a!., 1983) which argues further against the generalisation that large mammals are monomorphic (see Ryman et a!., 1980). The present study was undertaken as a first step towards using electrophoretically-detectable variation to investigate the occurrence of inbreeding in fallow deer (Dama dama L.) populations (Smith, 1979).…”

“…To date at least 70 papers and reports have been written in this field. The information obtained has been used to study genetic differentiation between species (Baccus et a!., 1983), subspecies (Gyllensten et a!., 1983;Dratch and Gyllensten, in press) and populations (Soldal and Staaland, 1980;Ryman et a!., 1980;Gyllensten et a!., 1983;Dratch and Gyllensten, in press) and to examine population subdivision, giving insights into dispersal behaviour Ramsey et aL, 1979;Chesser et a!., 1982). Other authors have sought relationships between performance and genotype Cothran et a!., 1983) or changes in genotype frequencies over time (Baccus eta!., 1977;Chesser et a!., 1982), suggesting the action of natural selection.…”

Genetic variability and differentiation in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L) of Central Europe

“…However, in contrast to the red deer (Bergmann, 1976;Kleymann, 1976a, b); Bergmann and Moser, 1985;Pemberton et al, 1988;Hartl et al, 1990aHartl et al, , 1991, the fallow deer (Pemberton and Smith, 1985;; Randi and Apollonio, 1988; Herzog, 1989), the moose (Ryman et al, 1977(Ryman et al, , 1980(Ryman et al, , 1981Reuterwall, 1980), the reindeer (R 0 ed et al, 1985;Røed, 1985aRøed, , b, 1986Røed, , 1987 and the white-tailed deer (Manlove et al, 1975(Manlove et al, , 1976Baccus et al, 1977;Johns et al, 1977;Ramsey et al, 1979;Chesser et al, 1982;Smith et al, 1983;Sheffield et al, 1985;Breshears et al, 1988) the factors influencing the amount and distribution of biochemical genetic variation in one of the most abundant European deer species, the roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), are only poorly understood.…”