Genetic variability of the P120' surface protein gene of Mycoplasma hominis isolates recovered from Tunisian patients with uro-genital and infertility disorders

Mardassi, Boutheina Ben Abdelmoumen; Ayari, Hager; Béjaoui-Khiari, Awatef; Mlik, Béhija; Moalla, Imed; Amouna, F.

doi:10.1186/1471-2334-7-142

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Many of the species-specific genes were associated with cytadherence and virulence ( Figure 1B ). Genes found specifically in M. hominis coded for: (i) the lipoprotein P120 (MHO_3660) and the protein P120' (MHO_3800), which are M. hominis -specific surface-exposed proteins displaying antigenic variation [20] , [21] ; (ii) the Vaa surface lipoprotein adhesin (MHO_3470), which is an abundant surface antigen displaying high-frequency phase and size variation and which is involved in adhesion to host cells [21] , [22] ; (iii) the P60 and P80 proteins (MHO_3490, MHO_3500), which form a membrane complex at the surface and are encoded by an operon [23] ; (iv) the P75 lipoprotein (MHO_3720), which is also present at the surface of M. hominis [24] , and the P75-related lipoprotein (MHO_3100), which shows 37.9% similarity with the P75 protein. CDSs specific to M. hominis also included OppA (MHO_1510), an oligopeptide permease substrate-binding protein.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We found several CDSs specific to M. hominis . These included the genes encoding P120, P120', Vaa, LMP1 and LMP3, which have been previously identified as surface proteins displaying size, sequence, and antigenic variation [20] – [22] , [24] – [26] , [28] , and six genes annotated as LMP-related proteins. The large number of members of the LMP-related protein group and the repetitions present in their DNA sequences is likely to provide the basis for genetic variability, potentially playing a significant role in determining the response to host defense mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Life on Arginine for Mycoplasma hominis: Clues from Its Minimal Genome and Comparison with Other Human Urogenital Mycoplasmas

Pereyre

Sirand‐Pugnet²,

Béven³

et al. 2009

PLoS Genet

151

146

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Mycoplasma hominis is an opportunistic human mycoplasma. Two other pathogenic human species, M. genitalium and Ureaplasma parvum, reside within the same natural niche as M. hominis: the urogenital tract. These three species have overlapping, but distinct, pathogenic roles. They have minimal genomes and, thus, reduced metabolic capabilities characterized by distinct energy-generating pathways. Analysis of the M. hominis PG21 genome sequence revealed that it is the second smallest genome among self-replicating free living organisms (665,445 bp, 537 coding sequences (CDSs)). Five clusters of genes were predicted to have undergone horizontal gene transfer (HGT) between M. hominis and the phylogenetically distant U. parvum species. We reconstructed M. hominis metabolic pathways from the predicted genes, with particular emphasis on energy-generating pathways. The Embden–Meyerhoff–Parnas pathway was incomplete, with a single enzyme absent. We identified the three proteins constituting the arginine dihydrolase pathway. This pathway was found essential to promote growth in vivo. The predicted presence of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase suggested that arginine catabolism is more complex than initially described. This enzyme may have been acquired by HGT from non-mollicute bacteria. Comparison of the three minimal mollicute genomes showed that 247 CDSs were common to all three genomes, whereas 220 CDSs were specific to M. hominis, 172 CDSs were specific to M. genitalium, and 280 CDSs were specific to U. parvum. Within these species-specific genes, two major sets of genes could be identified: one including genes involved in various energy-generating pathways, depending on the energy source used (glucose, urea, or arginine) and another involved in cytadherence and virulence. Therefore, a minimal mycoplasma cell, not including cytadherence and virulence-related genes, could be envisaged containing a core genome (247 genes), plus a set of genes required for providing energy. For M. hominis, this set would include 247+9 genes, resulting in a theoretical minimal genome of 256 genes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life on Arginine for Mycoplasma hominis: Clues from Its Minimal Genome and Comparison with Other Human Urogenital Mycoplasmas

Pereyre

Sirand‐Pugnet²,

Béven³

et al. 2009

PLoS Genet

151

146

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Despite their genetic deficiency, mycoplasmas are able to cause diseases of significant economic impact, especially in livestock animals [26][27][28][29]. For human, mycoplasmas have been also associated to many serious pathologies such as respiratory troubles [30][31][32][33], urogenital issues [34][35][36][37], infertility [38][39][40][41], rheumatic diseases [42][43][44], and AIDS [45][46][47][48][49]. ese diseases are usually caused by acute mycoplasma infections.…”

Section: Mycoplasmas: Atypical Tiny Microorganisms Capable Of Causing Serious Troublesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Mycoplasmas and Cancer: Is It Fact or Fiction ? Narrative Review and Update on the Situation

Yacoub

Abdul-Wahab

Alshyarba

et al. 2021

Journal of Oncology

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More than one million new cancer cases occur worldwide every year. Although many clinical trials are applied and recent diagnostic tools are employed, curing cancer disease is still a great challenge for mankind. Heredity and epigenetics are the main risk factors often related to cancer. Although, the infectious etiological role in carcinogenesis was also theorized. By establishing chronic infection and inflammation in their hosts, several microorganisms were suggested to cause cell transformation. Of these suspicious microorganisms, mycoplasmas were well regarded because of their intimate parasitism with host cells, as well as their silent and insidious role during infections. This assumption has opened many questions about the real role played by mycoplasmas in oncogenesis. Herein, we presented a sum up of many studies among the hundreds which had addressed the Mycoplasma-cancer topic over the past 50 years. Research studies in this field have first started by approving the mycoplasmas malignancy potential. Indeed, using animal models and in vitro experiments in various cell lines from human and other mammalians, many mycoplasmas were proven to cause varied modifications leading to cell transformation. Moreover, many studies have looked upon the Mycoplasma-cancer subject from an epidemiological point of view. Diverse techniques were used to assess the mycoplasmas prevalence in patients with cancer from different countries. Not less than 10 Mycoplasma species were detected in the context of at least 15 cancer types affecting the brain, the breast, the lymphatic system, and different organs in the genitourinary, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urinary tracts. Based on these revelations, one should concede that detection of mycoplasmas often linked to ‘‘wolf in sheep’s clothing’’ is not a coincidence and might have a role in cancer. Thorough investigations are needed to better elucidate this role. This would have a substantial impact on the improvement of cancer diagnosis and its prevention.

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“…The P120 0 gene is a duplicate of gene P120 in M. hominis but unlike the latter its gene product is weakly immunogenic and its function is unknown. The P120 0 lipoprotein shows variability among isolates of M. hominis in the N-terminal exposed region of its sequence due to numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the gene [67].…”

Section: Diversity Of Lipoproteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence and molecular adaptation of human urogenital mycoplasmas: a review

Roachford

Nelson

Mohapatra

2019

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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The pathogenesis of mycoplasmas requires their attachment to the epithelial mucosa membrane of the host cells, followed by colonisation and necrotic destruction of the submucosal tissue. The extent of this pathogenesis depends on the ability of species of Mycoplasma to effectively attach and invade the host's tissue. In this regard, the cytadherence tip organelle has evolved within the mycoplasmas to accomplish this feat. However, species of Mycoplasma that do not possess the specialized structure remain virulent with the use of surface-membrane lipoproteins. The lipoprotein ligands bind to sulfatides and sialoglycoconjugates on the host's mucosa membranes. This hostmycoplasma interaction, though poorly studied, appears to have a wide underlying array of complex molecular mechanisms, which after activation trigger cytadherence, immunomodulation and virulence. Mycoplasmas with their highly redundant minimal genomes display dynamic genotypic and phenotypic plasticity; a trait that has allowed them to adapt, persist and survive successfully in adverse niches through circumvention and tempering of the host's humoral immune response. Additionally, the linkages between the mycoplasmas persistence and chronic inflammatory diseases in humans necessitate examining the host-mycoplasma interaction at the proteogenomic level. This paper provides an overview on the molecular mechanisms involved in cytadherence, surfacemembrane antigenic variation and survival strategies of human urogenital mycoplasmas.

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Genetic variability of the P120' surface protein gene of Mycoplasma hominis isolates recovered from Tunisian patients with uro-genital and infertility disorders

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Life on Arginine for Mycoplasma hominis: Clues from Its Minimal Genome and Comparison with Other Human Urogenital Mycoplasmas

Life on Arginine for Mycoplasma hominis: Clues from Its Minimal Genome and Comparison with Other Human Urogenital Mycoplasmas

The Relationship between Mycoplasmas and Cancer: Is It Fact or Fiction ? Narrative Review and Update on the Situation

Virulence and molecular adaptation of human urogenital mycoplasmas: a review

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