Genetic variability of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto in Europe inferred by mitochondrial DNA sequences

Casulli, Adriano; Interisano, Maria; Sréter, T.; Chitimia, Lidia; Kirkova, Z.; Rosa, G. La; Pozio, Edoardo

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2011.12.014

Cited by 116 publications

(118 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In contrast, in a study focused on the genetic diversity of E. granulosus s.s., hydatid cysts from four European countries (Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, and Italy) were evaluated by sequences of cox1 and showed F ST values up 0.187. 25 In this study, when G6 and G7 were divided in geographic areas, a similar genetic differentiation was observed with F ST and Φ ST 0.1, except when Latin America (G7) was matched with Europe (G7) includes G7 sequences from Italy, Poland, and Romania. Latin America (G7) includes G7 sequences from Mexico and Peru.…”

Section: 5supporting

confidence: 77%

“…Additionally, one of the main ancestral dispersion centers in the network analysis clustered identical haplotypes of G6 and G7 from China, Mexico, Peru, Sudan, and Russia. The species status of E. canadensis is still controversial, [1][2][3]5,25 because biologically different strains (G6-G10) have been unified. The camel (G6) and pig (G7) strains (both maintained primarily by dog-mediated domestic lifecycles from tropical to temperate zones) are ecologically and geographically segregated from G8 to G10 2,26 ; therefore, some works have suggested that G6 and G7 should be treated as a single species: E. intermedius.…”

Section: 5mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic Variation of Echinococcus canadensis (G7) in Mexico

Rodríguez-Prado

Jiménez-González

Ávila

et al. 2014

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. We evaluated the genetic variation of Echinococcus G7 strain in larval and adult stages using a fragment of the mitochondrial cox1 gen. Viscera of pigs, bovines, and sheep and fecal samples of dogs were inspected for cystic and canine echinococcosis, respectively; only pigs had hydatid cysts. Bayesian inferences grouped the sequences in an E. canadensis G7 cluster, suggesting that, in Mexico, this strain might be mainly present. Additionally, the population genetic and network analysis showed that E. canadensis in Mexico is very diverse and has probably been introduced several times from different sources. Finally, a scarce genetic differentiation between G6 (camel strain) and G7 (pig strain) populations was identified.Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) includes species that cause cystic echinococcosis (CE), one of the most important and widespread parasitic zoonoses. Recent phylogenetic studies based on both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA genes show that E. granulosus s.l. consists of at least four valid species: E. granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.; genotypes G1-G3), E. equinus (G4), E. ortleppi (G5), and E. canadensis (G6-G10). Genotypes G6/G7 are closely related and referred to as camel and pig strains, respectively.

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Section: 5supporting

confidence: 77%

Section: 5mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Variation of Echinococcus canadensis (G7) in Mexico

Rodríguez-Prado

Jiménez-González

Ávila

et al. 2014

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…This indicated a substantial role of livestock trade, which has facilitated the parasite dispersal over vast areas, in shaping phylogeographical G1 pattern. In connection with a single human sample identifi ed here as E. granulosus G3, a relatively high proportion of the G3 genotype (28.2 %, 46 of 163 isolates) in the samples typed as E. granulosus s.s. was before detected in Romania when markers with the G1-G3 resolution power were used (Bart et al, 2006;Badaraco et al, 2008;Maillard et al, 2009;Casulli et al, 2012;Mitrea et al, 2014;Šnábel et al, 2016). This genetic form was found in sheep, cattle and pig in the country, whereas the present fi nding provides the fi rst report of G3 in humans from Romania.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

Genetic survey of alveolar and cystic echinococcoses in Romania: first molecular evidence of Echinococcus multilocularis in humans in the country

et al. 2017

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SummaryCystic echinococcosis (CE) and alveolar echinococcosis (AE) are considered as one of the most important zoonotic diseases in Romania, where they are subject to mandatory reporting. To obtain more knowledge about the genetic diversity of Echinococcus causative agents of these diseases, 11 isolates from humans and ungulate intermediate hosts from the two regions of Romania were genotyped using mitochondrial markers. In clinical samples of fi ve patients from north-eastern Romania (Iasi, Botosani, Vaslui counties), Echinococcus multilocularis was identifi ed as causal agent by cox1 sequence analysis. To the best of our knowledge this fi nding presents the fi rst molecular evidence of E. multilocularis in humans from Romania. Only two cases of AE in patients were previously documented in the country by serological methods. In our four patients the most widespread European variant E5 of E. multilocularis was recorded, whereas in isolate from Vaslui county three nucleotide substitutions were detected as compared to the most related E5 haplotype. One of these mutations (411T/G) matched N1 and N2 haplotypes described previously from North America. In six CE samples retrieved from western Romania (Caras-Severin and Timis counties), two human isolates were diagnosed as Echinococcus canadensis G7, one as E. granulosus s.s. G1 and one as E. granulosus s.s. G3 using atp6 and rrnS sequencing. In ungulates, the cattle isolate was allocated to E. granulosus s.s. G1 and pig isolate to E. canadensis G7. The two G7 fi ndings in humans reinforced the recent view that G7 was underestimated as compared to the E. granulosus s.s. regarding human CE threat that can be further employed for identifying sources of infections and establishing suitable preventive measures.

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“…In the remaining G7 isolates, three different both in humans and animals [11]. Amongst domestic animals, sheep and cattle were primarily infected with E. granulosus s.s. [21,25,27,29]. In addition, a single cattle isolate (2.3% of cattle isolates in the respective study) was typed as E. canadensis G7 [21].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A molecular survey of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato in central-eastern Europe

et al. 2016

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Open Life Sci. 2016; 11: 524-532 while infections with E. granulosus s.s. which are highly infectious for humans are more commonly encountered in Romania and Hungary.Keywords: Echinococcus granulosus, genotype, DNA sequences, human, pig, central-eastern Europe IntroductionThe larval stages of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) are the causative agents of cystic echinococcosis (CE), one of the most important cestode infections causing morbidity and mortality in humans and significant economic losses in livestock. Around one million or more people are currently suffering from CE globally and the financial burden of the disease on the livestock industry is substantial, with up to two billion dollars lost annually [1]. Recent molecular phylogenetic analyses have revealed that E. granulosus is a complex of spesies/genotypes with at least five different species: E. granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.) (genotypes G1-G3), Echinococcus equinus (G4), Echinococcus ortleppi (G5), Echinococcus canadensis (G6-G10), and Echinococcus felidis ("lion strain") [2][3][4].CE remains one of the most important helminth zoonoses in many regions of Europe, especially the Mediterranean littoral (Spain, Italy, Greece and Turkey) and southeastern countries such as Bulgaria and Romania. The disease seems to be less prevalent in the UK, Central Europe, the Baltic States and the Scandinavian countries [5,6]. Surveys that addressed the incidence of CE over the last decade from central-eastern Europe has reported a relatively greater incidence in Romania (average incidence annual rate was 0.29 per 100,000 population) and Ukraine (0.30), whereas in Hungary (0.07), Poland (0.08) and Slovakia (0.10) lower numbers of human cases were documented [7]. This also is due to the fact that E. granulosus s.s., which is responsible for the majority Abstract: Central-eastern Europe is an endemic region for cystic echinococcosis where multiple species of intermediate hosts are commonly infected with Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato tapeworms of major medical and veterinary importance. Investigations of the genetic variation of 25 Echinococcus isolates from five countries (Slovakia, Romania, Ukraine, Hungary, Poland) were undertaken using three mitochondrial DNA markers. The 18 isolates from pigs derived from Slovakia and Ukraine and the four human isolates from Slovakia, Poland and Ukraine were identified as E. canadensis G7, whereas the three human isolates from Romania and Hungary were classified as E. granulosus sensu stricto G1. This study reports the first confirmed human case of E. granulosus s.s. in Hungary. The haplotype G7A with two polymorphic sites relative to the most common regional variant of E. canadensis G7 was recorded in both pigs from Ukraine and in a single pig isolate from Slovakia. The results of this study support the circumstantial evidence that E. canadensis G7 with low infectivity for humans is highly prevalent in the northern parts of the region (Poland, Slovakia, forest-steppe zone of Ukraine),

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Genetic variability of Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto in Europe inferred by mitochondrial DNA sequences

Cited by 116 publications

References 38 publications

Genetic Variation of Echinococcus canadensis (G7) in Mexico

Genetic Variation of Echinococcus canadensis (G7) in Mexico

Genetic survey of alveolar and cystic echinococcoses in Romania: first molecular evidence of Echinococcus multilocularis in humans in the country

A molecular survey of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato in central-eastern Europe

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