Genetic Variability in Reproduction Rates in Marine Phytoplankton Populations

Brand, Larry E.

doi:10.2307/2408125

Cited by 41 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…It is known that natural populations of dinoflagellates show a high intraspecific variability in terms of growth rate (Brand, 1981;Costas, 1990), and the growth rate variability of different isolates of Protoceratium reticulatum from Greenland grown under exactly the same environmental conditions agrees with this conclusion. In any case, growth rate is an important measure to quantify the effect of any environmental factor.…”

Section: Growth Ratesupporting

confidence: 58%

Growth and bioactive secondary metabolites of arctic Protoceratium reticulatum (Dinophyceae)

et al. 2016

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Section: Growth Ratesupporting

confidence: 58%

Growth and bioactive secondary metabolites of arctic Protoceratium reticulatum (Dinophyceae)

et al. 2016

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“…Together with the Gephyrocapsa-Emiliania plexus, Calcidiscus is probably the best documented coccolithophorid genus (Brand 1981;Knappertsbusch et al 1997, Knappertsbusch 2000Baumann and Sprengel 2000;Renaud and Klaas 2001;Renaud et al 2002;Quinn et al, 2003). Like the aforementioned genera it has a broad, inter-oceanic occurrence spanning a range of ecological variation and a very good, continuous fossil record through the last 23 Ma.…”

Section: Calcidiscus Spp (Plate 4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By measuring the reproduction rates of a large number of E. huxleyi and G. oceanica clones under the same environmental conditions, Brand (1981Brand ( , 1982 demonstrated both the stability of this parameter in single clones, and considerable variation between clones. He therefore concluded that a natural population is not clonal but consists of a mixture of genotypes with different reproductive potentials (Brand 1982).…”

Section: Ecological and Biogeographical Separationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Species level variation in coccolithophores

et al. 2004

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Coccolithophores are an ideal test group for investigating fine-scale differentiation within the phytoplankton since their taxonomy is rather well-documented and their biomineralised periplasts -the coccoliths -provide a rich suite of qualitative and quantitative morphological characters and a uniquely extensive fossil record. In addition, extant coccolithophore species can be grown in culture and hence are available for studies of morphological variability under controlled conditions, molecular genetic studies and cytological research.For the CODENET project the following extant species with seemingly global occurrence and spanning the biodiversity of coccolithophores were selected: Coccolithus pelagicus, Calcidiscus leptoporus, Umbilicosphaera sibogae, Syracosphaera pulchra, Gephyrocapsa oceanica, and Helicosphaera carteri. These were used as case studies to elucidate their species level biodiversity. The key merit of our approach was the use of multiple, independent lines of evidence, so as to remove the ambiguity implicit in any one type of study. In each case morphotypes of previously uncertain significance have been shown to represent discrete genotypes and probably well-separated species, with divergence times ranging 314 Geisen et al. from about 100 kyrs to >10 myrs. The evolutionary significance of these results is discussed.

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“…In order to allow full environmental acclimation, the strains were grown under these constant experimental conditions during two months. The maintenance of the strains under the same stable environmental conditions is necessary for disengaging environmental and genetic influences on the phenotypic variability, which ensures that differences found among strains are exclusively due to genetic variability (Brand, 1981;Costas, 1990).…”

Section: Isolation Of Strains and Culture Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Cyanobacteria Produce Toxins? Evolutionary Game Theory Suggests the Key

Baselga‐Cervera

Costas

López‐Rodas

2014

IJB

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Cyanobacteria are a source of potent toxins among which the microcystin (a hepatotoxic peptide encoded by the mcy gene cluster of Microcystis spp.) is a frequent cause of poisoning in inland waters worldwide. Although the molecular basis of microcystin production is known, its role is still unknown. It was suggested that microcystin production have a metabolic cost that could be offset by some benefit (e.g. protection from grazing). We check that: i) microcystin-producing and non-producing strains occurs simultaneously in the Microcystis spp. blooms, ii) evolutionary forces (mutation, genetic drift) control frequencies of microcystin production and non-production strains, and iii) microcystin producing strains have diminished fitness compared with non-producing strains. We employ evolutionary game theory to explain the maintaining of microcystin-producing genotypes in natural populations of Microcystis spp. A two-strategy (to produce or not microcystin), two-players game of cooperators (microcystin-producing genotypes) and cheaters (non-producing genotypes) explains the coexistence of both genotypes in the same bloom. A bloom composed mostly by the microcystin-producing "cooperators" genotype, the "temptation of defection" (increase of non-producing genotypes) is counteracted by kin selection, which enable that natural selection can favour the cooperators. The closest related individuals occur within cyanobacteria blooms, cyanobacteria reproduces asexually providing sets of clones.

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Genetic Variability in Reproduction Rates in Marine Phytoplankton Populations

Cited by 41 publications

References 22 publications

Growth and bioactive secondary metabolites of arctic Protoceratium reticulatum (Dinophyceae)

Growth and bioactive secondary metabolites of arctic Protoceratium reticulatum (Dinophyceae)

Species level variation in coccolithophores

Why Cyanobacteria Produce Toxins? Evolutionary Game Theory Suggests the Key

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